人教版选修七Unit 3 Under the Sea Grammar学案 (1).docx

unit 3 under the sea grammar学案导学目标掌握并能熟练运用v-ing形式的被动用法。自主合作探究i. v-ing形式的被动用法。从教材中找出5个含有v-ing形式的被动的句子，并体会它们在句中的用法。1. _2. _3._4. _5. _归纳拓展：v-ing 形式由 “doing” 构成，其否定形式是“not doing”, v-ing 可以带宾语或状语构成v-ing 短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化。主动语态被动语态一般式(not ) doing 与句中主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，与句中谓语动作同时发生或基本上同时发生。 (not) being done与句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且与句中谓语动作同时发生。完成式(not) having done与句中主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，先于谓语动作发生。(not) having been done与句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且先与句中谓语动作发生即景活用： _(ask) many times, he was very bored.ii. v-ing 形式的被动式的语法功能：1. v-ing 作主语，说明一个被动的事实如：1) _ made him unhappy（=that he was left at home on sunday）.星期天被留在家里使他很不高兴。2) _how others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure.(2013浙江高考单选) 聆听别人对你刚才所读的书的反应会增加额外的乐趣。2. 作表语，常用来说明主语的内容如：1) what made his parents happy was_.(= that he was admitted to a famous university)3. 作宾语, v-ing 形式的被动式既可作动词的宾语, 也可作介词的宾语。常跟v-ing形式作宾语的动词有： mind, avoid, miss, practice, advise, finish, risk, suggest, imagine, stand 等。如：1) he was unconscious for quite a long time after _.被带到医院后，他昏迷了很长时间。2）he couldnt stand _(像那样被取笑).3) the pop star wears sunglasses. therefore, he can go shopping without _(recognize)4. 作宾语补足语, 一般跟在表示感官和心理状态的谓语动词之后，如feel, see, hear, notice, watch, observe, look at, listen to, find等。1) when he got to the meeting room, he heard his works_. 当他进入会议室的时候，他听到正在讨论他的作品。5. 作状语。一般式的被动式强调正在进行的被动动作; 而完成式的被动式则强调被动动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前已经完成。如：1）_by the policeman, he felt he was quite safe. 被警察保护着, 他感到非常安全。2）_by his teacher in class, he felt happy. 因为上课时被老师表扬了一番, 他感到高兴。3) _for a long time, the boy sitting at the back felt bored and went out.因长时间男孩被忽视，他坐在后面感到枯燥就出去了。6作定语，表示一个动作正在被进行。如：1）he asked me if i knew the man _(operate) on.2）the song _(广播)is very popular with the young students.达标检测i. 根据提示完成下列句子。1) its said that the bridge_（正在那里建的）will be the longest one in the world.2) when he saw the little baby_（被他的父亲举起）, he was frightened.3) _ (被他的歌迷围着）, the famous singer couldnt move forward.4) _（陷在泥里）for two hours, the boy was saved by the local people.5) _（在太阳下暴晒时间过长）may do harm to your skin.6) the student just missed_（被抓住）by the teacher.7) this question is _（远远没有far from解决）. 8) your shoes need _（擦了）.9) with several problems _(remain) to be solved, we still needed to hold another meeting as soon as possible.10) _( not know) which university to attend, the girl asked her teacher for advice.11) i have learned a lot about asian customs, _(live) in