学北师大必修一Unit 3CelebrationLesson 1Festivals单元学案（32页）.doc

2018学年度北师大必修一unit 3celebrationlesson 1festivals单元学案the chinese new year is now popularly known as the spring festival because it starts from the beginning of spring.its origin is too old to be traced.several explanations are hanging around.all agree，however，that the word nian，which in modern chinese solely means year，was originally the name of a monster beast that started to prey (捕食) on people the night before the beginning of a new year.one legend goes that the beast nian had a very big mouth that would swallow a great many people with one bite.people were very scared.one day，an old man came to their rescue，offering to subdue (制服) nian.to nian he said，“i hear that you are very capable，but can you swallow the other beasts of prey on earth instead of people who are by no means of your worthy opponents？”so，it did swallow many of the beasts of prey on earth that also harassed (骚扰) people and their domestic animals from time to time.after that，the old man disappeared riding the beast nian.he turned out to be an immortal god.now that nian is gone and other beasts of prey are also scared into forests，people begin to enjoy their peaceful life.before the old man left，he had told people to put up red paper decorations on their windows and doors at each years end to scare away nian in case it sneaked (潜行) back again，because red is the color the beast feared most.from then on，the tradition of observing the conquest of nian is carried on from generation to generation.the term “guo nian”，which may mean “survive the nian”，becomes today “celebrate the (new) year” as the word “guo” in chinese has both the meanings of “passover” and “observe”.the custom of putting up red paper and firing firecrackers to scare away nian is still around.however，people today have long forgotten why they are doing all this，except that they feel the color and the sound add to the excitement of the celebration.词海拾贝1.be known as被认为是；以著称2.hang around 闲荡；徘徊3.originally /ridin()li/ adv. 最初，起初；本来4.swallow /swl/vt. 忍受；吞没5.come to ones rescue 救援某人，帮助某人6.by no means 决不7.turn out 结果是，证明是8.carry on 继续part warmup & lesson 1festivals.重点单词1.wedding n.婚礼2.occasion n.时机，时刻3.nowadays n.现今，现在4.decorate vt.装饰，布置5.power n.动力；权力；影响力 powerful adj.强有力的6.darkness n.黑暗，漆黑dark adj.黑暗的7.boil vt.& vi.煮沸，沸腾boiling adj.沸腾的8.serve vt.招待，侍候；服务；提供(食物)，端上(饭菜)；服役service n.服务9.graduation n.毕业graduate vt.毕业10.tradition n.传统，惯例traditional adj.传统的11.destroy vt.破坏，毁坏12.scholarship n.奖学金scholar n.学者13.celebration n.庆祝，庆典celebrate vt.庆祝.核心短语1.burn_down烧毁2.be_decorated_with 用装饰3.in_many_shapes 以各种形状4.take part in 参加，参与5.say good wishes 致以美好的祝愿6.fall on 正是的日子.经典句式1.on this day，the moon is_said_to_be its biggest and brightest.据说这天的月亮是一年中最大最亮的。2.in one story，lanterns were lit to_celebrate_the_power_of_light over darkness.一种传说是，点灯笼是为了颂扬光明驱赶黑暗的力量。3.as_it_is_in_early_summer，it marks the beginning of the hottest season of the year.由于端午节是在初夏，所以它标志着一年中最炎热季节的开始。4.it is called zongzi，which is sticky rice in fresh bamboo leaves.这叫粽子，它是把糯米包裹在新鲜的竹叶里。5.they were_decorating_the_house_when the accident happened.他们正装饰着房子，这时事故发生了。1. 中国传统节日英文译名the lantern festival元宵节(农历一月十五日)the dragon boat festival端午节(农历五月五日)the doubleninth day重阳节(农历九月九日) the new years eve除夕(农历十二月三十日)2.合成scholar (学者)shipscholarship (奖学金)3. 由graduation想到的graduategraduation (毕业)celebratecelebration (庆祝)decoratedecoration (装饰)原文呈现autumnevery year in september or october，the midautumn festival is celebrated by the chinese people all over the world.on this day，the moon is said to be its biggest and brightest.people like to meet in the evening and watch the moon.the midautumn festival is important because it is a special occasion for family.it is also a day for special foods like moon cakes.there are all kinds of moon cakes.traditional moon cakes are usually made with bean paste，but nowadays，there are many different kinds of moon cakes including fruit，coffee，chocolate and even icecream moon cakes.winterthe lantern festival falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month.it marks the end of the chinese new year celebrations.there are many stories about how the lantern festival started.in one story，lanterns were lit to celebrate the power of light over darkness.in another story，a town was almost destroyed but the light from many lanterns saved it.the story was about a god who wanted to burn down the town.he was fooled when he saw thousands of lanterns.he thought the town was already burning.in the past，lanterns were usually lit by candles and decorated with pictures of birds，animals and flowers，etc.nowadays，most lanterns are made with light bulbs and batteries，and they come in many shapes and sizes.in the northeastern part of china，there are even icelanterns.the special food for the lantern festival is the sweet dumpling.sweet dumplings are boiled and served in hot water.summerthe dragon boat festival falls on the fifth day of the fifth month of the lunar year.as it is in early summer，it marks the beginning of the hottest season of the year.the tradition of the dragon boat festival started more than 2，000 years ago.in the old days，dragon boat races were organised only by chinese people.however，in recent years，people from other cultures have also taken part in the races and enjoyed the fun.there is a special food for the festival.it is called zongzi，which is sticky rice in fresh bamboo leaves .阅读清障celebrate vt.庆祝，庆贺sth be said to be/do.it is said that.据说occasion /kein/n.时刻，时机because 引导原因状语从句。all kinds of 各种各样的kind of 有几分；稍微traditional /trdinl/adj.传统的bean paste /peist/ 豆馅nowadays /nadeiz/ adv.现今，现在including prep.包括，包含the lantern festival 元宵节lantern /lntn/n.灯笼fall vi.发生，适逢lunar month 太阴月，阴历一个月celebration /,selibrein/n.庆祝，庆典how引导宾语从句，作介词about的宾语。light vt.点燃；照亮power /pa/n.控制力；权力over prep.(表示在等级或数量上)高于，在之上；超过darkness /d: knis/n.黑暗，漆黑destroy /distri/vt.破坏，毁坏burn down 烧毁who引导定语从句，且在从句中作主语，修饰先行词a god。fool vt.愚弄；欺骗when引导时间状语从句。decorate /dekreit/vt.装饰，点缀本句中第一个and连接两个并列的谓语were lit by.和(were) decorated with.。be made with.用制造battery /btri/ n.电池come vi.出现in many shapes and sizes 形状、大小不一even adv.甚至，连sweet dumpling 元宵boil /bil/ vt.& vi.煮沸，沸腾serve /s:v/ vt.提供(食物)，端上(饭菜)the lunar year 太阴年as在此引导原因状语从句。mark v.标明；标志tradition /trdin/n.传统，惯例organise vt.组织culture n.文化，文明take part in 参与，参加sticky /stiki/adj.黏的，黏性的which在此引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语，修饰先行词zongzi。step 1leadin please write out the name of each festival according to the pictures and descriptions.1.on that day，many people try their best to go home to share the feeling of “being together” with families.on that day，the moon is said to be its biggest and brightest.the_midautumn_festival2.this festival marks the end of the chinese new year celebration.the special food for this festival is sweet dumplings.the_lantern_festival3.this festival marks the beginning of the hottest season of the year.the festival falls on the fifth day of the fifth month of the lunar calendar.the_dragon_boat_festivalstep 2factual reading choose the best answer according to the text.1.what dont people do on the midautumn festival?a.watching the moon in the evening.b.eating moon cakes.c.getting together with the family.d.lighting lanterns.2.why didnt the god burn down the town?a.because the town was already burning.b.because he loved the people in the town.c.because he thought the town was already burning.d.because he enjoyed thousands of lanterns.3.which is not true about the dragon boat festival?a.it has a long history.b.its a symbol of the beginning of the hottest season of the year.c.only chinese people celebrated the festival in the old days.d.many people from different cultures took part in the races in the old days.4.the special food for the lantern festival is _.a.dumplings b.zongzic.moon cakes d.sweet dumplings5.the right time order of the festivals is _.the midautumn festivalthe lantern festivalthe dragon boat festivala. b.c. d.答案1.d2.c3.d4.d5.bstep 3fill in the blanks after listening.seasonstimefestivalsfoodhow to celebrateautumnin september or octoberthe midautumn festival1.moon_cakespeople like to meet in the 2.evening and watch the moon，for it is a special occasion for family.winteron the3.fifteenth day of the first lunar monththe lantern festivalsweet 4.dumplingslanterns are usually lit by candles and 5.decoratedwith all kinds of pictures.in the northeastern part of china，there are icelaterns.summer the fifth day of the 6.fifth month of the lunar yearthe dragon boat festivalzongzidragon boat races are organized and people enjoy the fun.step 4further reading .match the main idea with the three passages.passage a a.an introduction of the lantern festival.passage b b.an introduction of the dragon boat festival.passage c c.an introduction of the midautumn festival.答案passage acpassage bapassage cb.choose the best answer according to the text.1.we can learn from the passage that _.a.the dragon boat festival is celebrated in springb.only chinese people organize dragon boat racesc.the dragon boat festival is the last celebration of the chinese new yeard.the moon is said to be its biggest and brightest on the midautumn festival2.what is the purpose of the passage?a.to increase peoples interest in festivals.b.to help people learn more about some festivals in china.c.to help people choose foods of different festivals.d.to tell people stories about chinese festivals.3.the most common thing about the three festivals is that _.a.they are all enjoyed by people from other cultures b.there is a special food for each festivalc.they are all celebrated only in chinad.people always decorate their homes on the festivals答案1.d2.b3.b.analyze the difficult sentence in the text.traditional moon cakes are usually made with bean paste，but nowadays，there are many different kinds of moon cakes including fruit，coffee，chocolate and even icecream moon cakes.句式分析整个句子是由but连接的并列句，be made with“由制成”； including“包括”。尝试翻译传统的月饼通常是用豆馅做的，但如今，月饼的种类很多，有水果的、咖啡的、巧克力的，甚至有冰淇淋月饼。step 5group work talk about some festivals in our country in english.what are they？which festival do you like best in a year?答案i like some festivals in our country and they are the spring festival，the dragon boat festival，the lantern festival，the chongyang festival and the midautumn festival.my favourite festival is the spring festival.1.occasion n.时刻，时机，机会；场合the midautumn festival is important because it is a special occasion for family.(教材p36)中秋节之所以重要是因为这是合家团圆的特殊日子。(1)on this/that occasion此时/彼时on the occasion of 在之际on occasion(s) 间或，有时，偶尔on no occasion 绝不，不会(2)occasional adj. 偶尔的，临时的，偶然的occasionally adv. 偶尔地，偶然地he has been known on_occasion(s) to lose his temper.大家都知道他有时会发脾气。he was presented with the watch on_the_occasion_of his retirement.他在退休时获赠这块手表。名师点津occasion是表示时间的名词，作先行词后接定语从句时，若关系词在句中作状语，一般要用关系副词 when。语境串记my daughter makes occasional visits to me on weekends and i，on occasions，treat her and her family to a big dinner at home，or occasionally in a restaurant.我的女儿周末偶尔来看我，有时我在家中，或偶尔在餐馆招待她和她的家人吃一顿大餐。2.include vt.包含，包括.but nowadays，there are many different kinds of moon cakes including fruit，coffee，chocolate and even icecream moon cakes.(教材p36)但如今，月饼的种类很多，有水果的、咖啡的、巧克力的，甚至有冰淇淋月饼。(1)include sb/sth (as/in/on sth)使成为的一部分(2)including prep. 包括，包含including sb/sthsb/sth included 某人/物包括在内at the concert，jay chou sang several songs including(include) qinghua ci，one of my favorites.在演唱会上，周杰伦唱了几首歌，包括我最喜欢的歌曲之一青花瓷。your responsibilities will include making(make) appointments on my behalf.你的职责包括替我安排预约。we three students，including (include) tom，went to see that film last night.we three students，tom included(include)，went to see that film last night.包括汤姆在内，昨晚我们三个学生去看了那部电影。辨析比较include/containinclude通常表示把某物作为其中的一部分包含在内。指被包含者只是整体中的一部分contain通常用来指某种容器中盛有某物，还指某种物质中含有某成分。指作为组成部分而被“包含”或“容纳”在内。不用于进行时即学即用选用上述单词填空the whole book contains 12 units，including two main revisions.图形助记3.celebration n.庆祝，庆典it marks the end of the chinese new year celebrations.(教材p36)它标志着新年庆典的结束。(1)in celebration of为庆祝birthday/wedding celebrations 生日庆祝/结婚庆典(2)celebrate vt.& vi. 庆祝，庆贺we celebrated the new year with a party.我们开了个晚会庆祝新年。please take part in the party in_celebration_of their 50th wedding anniversary.请参加庆祝他们金婚纪念的聚会。名师点津celebrate后常接生日、胜利、纪念日之类的名词，其宾语是物。4.power n.控制力；权力；力量；能力in one story，lanterns were lit to celebrate the power of light over darkness.(教材p36)一种传说是，点灯笼是为了颂扬光明驱赶黑暗的力量。(1)the power to do.the power of doing.做的能力be in power 掌权，执政come into/to power 上台，掌权beyond/out of ones power 某人不能胜任的，超出某人能力的(2)powerful adj. 强大的；有权力的the voters have once again shown their support for the party in_power.选民再一次对执政党表示支持。he has the power of holding his audience.他具有吸引住听众的能力。the party came_to_power at the last election.这个政党是在上次大选中当选执政的。5.destroy vt.破坏，毁坏in another story，a town was almost destroyed but the light from many lanterns saved it.(教材p36)另一种传说则是，一座城镇几乎要毁灭了，但点燃的许多灯笼救了这座城镇。if the tree falls that way，it will destroy_the_house.如果这棵树向那边倒下就会把那所房子压坏。the heavy rain destroyed (destroy) all hope of a picnic.大雨打破了野餐的一切希望。名师点津destroy“摧毁，毁坏(某物)”，指彻底毁坏，无法修复，也指希望、计划破灭。6.decorate vt.装饰，布置in the past，lanterns were usually lit by candles and decorated with pictures of birds，animals and flowers，etc.(教材p36)过去，人们常用蜡烛点灯笼，用鸟、兽、花等图案装饰灯笼。(1)decorate sth with sth用装饰be decorated with 装饰着(2)decoration n. 装饰；装潢he is busy decorating(decorate) the birthday cake.他正忙着装饰生日蛋糕。the christmas tree was decorated with many gifts and sweets.圣诞树上装饰着许多礼物和糖果。with its simple decoration(decorate)，the main bedroom is a peaceful haven.主卧的装修很简单，这让它成了一个宁静的安息地。7.serve vt.提供(食物)，端上(饭菜)；服务，(为)工作sweet dumplings are boiled and served in hot water.(教材p36)元宵用热水煮随汤一起吃。(1)serve sb with sth向某人提供某物；用某物招待某人serve sth to sb 用某物招待某人serve as 可用作；担任；作为(2)service n. 服务at your service 愿为您效劳the large box in his room can serve as a desk.他房间里的那只大箱子可以当桌子用。if you need any help，i am at_your_service.如果你需要帮忙，我随时听你吩咐。lei feng set an example to us in serving the people with heart and soul.雷锋为我们树立了全心全意为人民服务的榜样。名师点津serve“为服务”，可直接用作及物动词，其后不能加介词for。1.fall on(生日、节日等)适逢某一天；(责任)落在身上；由负担(fall to)；袭击；向进攻the lantern festival falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month.(教材p36)每年农历正月十五是中国的元宵节。fall behind落后fall over 被绊倒fall off 从掉落fall into 变为某种状态；养成(坏习惯)fall asleep 入睡，睡着the full cost of the wedding fell on us.婚礼的所有费用由我们负担。i have fallen_behind in my work since last week.从上周起，我在工作中落后了。i was unlucky to slip on a banana skin and fall_over.我真倒霉，踩在香蕉皮上滑倒了。2.burn down 烧毁，烧掉(多指建筑物被烧塌)the story was about a god who wanted to burn down the town.(教材p36)故事说的是有一个神仙想烧毁这座城镇。burn.to the ground把彻底烧毁burn up 烧光；(通过锻炼)消耗(热能)burn (sth) out 烧坏；燃尽a number of houses were_burnt_up in the fire.在火灾中，有许多房子被烧光了。the whole village was burned to the ground by the enemy.整个村庄都被敌人彻底烧毁了。3.take part in 参与，参加however，in recent years，people from other cultures have also taken part in the races and enjoyed the fun.(教材p36)然而，近几年越来越多的外国人也来参加赛龙舟，共享其中乐趣。students should take_part_in_sports as often as they can.学生们应当尽量经常参加体育运动。辨析比较take part in/join/join(.) in/attendtake part in指积极地参加群众性活动、会议等并起作用join指加入某党派、组织或社会团体而成为其中的一员。其宾语常为party，(the) army，club，group等join in多指参加小规模的活动如“球赛、游戏”等，常用于口语。表示“与某人一起(做)某事”，用join sb in (doing) sthattend一般用于指参加会议、出席典礼或招待会等，也可以指上学、听课、听演讲或讲座等图形助记1.on this day，the moon is said to be its biggest and brightest.(教材p36)据说这天的月亮是一年中最大最亮的。sth/sb is said to do sth为固定句型，意为“据说某物/人”，可根据动词不定式和said动作之间的时间关系来断定使用不定式的一般式(to do)、进行式(to be doing)，还是完成式(to have done)。该句型可转换为更为常见的结构“it is said that sb/sth.”。 he is said to have gone abroad.it is said that he has gone abroad.据说他已经出国了。mo yan is reported to be_writing(write) novels these years.据报道，这些年来莫言一直在写小说。this book is reported to have_been_translated(translate) into many different languages.据报道，这本书已被翻译成了多种不同的语言。2.they were decorating the house when the accident happened.(教材p37)他们正装饰着房子，这时事故发生了。when意为“这时”，在句中用作并列连词，引导时间状语从句。when作并列连词时，常用于以下句式：(1)be doing.when.正在做着这时(2)be about to do.when. 刚要做这时(3)be on the point of doing.when. 正要做这时(4)had done.when. 刚做了这时i was coming here to see you when i met with the accident.我正在来这儿看你的路上，这时遇到了那起事故。i was_about_to_speak when you interrupted me.我正要说，这时你插嘴了。we had_just_left home when mr.wang called me.我们刚离开家，王先生就给我打电话了。we were on the point of locking the door when a girl came.我们正要锁门，这时一个女孩来了。被动语态()思维导图一、基本知识(一)概念语态是动词的一种形式，它表示句子的主语和谓语动词之间的关系。语态通常分为主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者。(二)构成被动语态一般由“助动词be及物动词的过去分词”构成。助动词 be 本身无词义，但有人称、数和时态的变化。(三)用法观察发现my bike was stolen last night.我的自行车昨晚被偷了。the bike was knocked down by a naughty boy.这辆自行车被一个调皮的小男孩撞倒了。the plan was supported by those who wished to live on the campus.这计划得到希望住在校内的人的支持。这类词常见的有born，determine，devote，seat，dress，situate等。he was born in china in 2014.他于2014年出生在中国。归纳总结1.讲话者不知道动作的执行者