大二音体美英语期末考试翻译和背诵部分资料.doc

Unit 1 我认为总结一下学习英语的经验是值得一试的。这里，我想谈谈三个相关的问题。 首先，大量阅读应被视作学习过程中的重点，因为我们是通过阅读获取最大量语言输入（language input）的。其次，尽可能多背熟一些好文章也十分重要。一方面，死记硬背（rote learning）确实无甚裨益，但另一方面，在真正理解基础上的熟记肯定对我们有好处。大脑中储存了大量很好的文章，我们在用英语表达自己思想的时候，就会觉得容易多了。最后，我们应把所学到的东西用到实践中去，这是至关重要的。通过多读、多写、多听、多说，我们就能完成提高英语水平的任务。I consider it worthwhile trying to summarize our experience in learning English. Here I would like to make three relevant points. First, wide reading should be taken as a priority in the learning process, because it is through reading that we get the most language input. Next, learning by heart as many well-written essays as possible is also very important. On the one hand, rote learning/learning by rote is indeed of little help, but on the other hand, memorization/learning by heart with a good understanding will certainly be of benefit/do good to us. With an enormous store of excellent essays in our heads, we will find it much easier to express ourselves in English. Finally, it is critical that we should put what we have learned into practice. By doing more reading, writing, listening and speaking, we will be able to accomplish the task of perfecting our English. Unit 2自从他加盟以来，乔治从早忙到晚。 他总是乐呵呵的，一直全身心地扑在工作上。由于表现出色，他被提升为执行总裁 (CEO = chief executive officer)。从那以后，他尽力和工人打成一片，从不盛气凌人。另外，他制定了一些奖励制度，鼓励工人们努力工作。他相信忠诚和勤劳会大大促使公司获得成功。人们都说他是位出色的执行总裁。George was on the run since the moment he came aboard. He was always cheerful and devoted himself heart and soul to his work. Because of his excellent performance he was promoted to CEO. From then on he tried hard to blend in with the workers and never threw his weight around. He also laid down/ introduced a reward system to encourage the workers to work hard. He believed that loyalty and hard work would greatly contribute to the success of the company. By all accounts he was an outstanding chief executive officer. Unit 3也许你羡慕我，因为我可以借助计算机在家工作。我也这么想，互联网使我的工作方便多了。我可以通过电子邮件撰写、编辑并剿除我的文章，在网上与我的同事聊天，与老板讨论工作。我用鼠标一击，马上就能那到我要的一切资料，获得最新的消息。可是，另一方面，用网络通信有时也令人沮丧。系统有可能瘫痪，更糟糕的是，因为没有面对面交谈的情感提示，键出的次有时侯似乎很难理解。Perhaps you envy me for being able to wok at home on the computer. I agree that the Internet has made my job a lot easier. I can write, submit and edit articles via email, chat with my colleagues online and discuss work with my boss. With a click of the mouse, I can get all the data I need and keep up with the latest news. But then, communicating through the Net can frustrating at times. The system may crash. Worse still, without the emotion cues of face-to-face communication, the typical words sometimes seem difficult to interpret.Unit 5心理学家们(psychologists)通过众多的事实证实这一说法：要想让自己很快从低落的情绪中解脱出来，你得让自己哭。你不必为“哭”而感到羞愧。忧虑和悲伤能随同眼泪一起流出身体。 看一看唐娜(Donna)的例子吧。她的儿子在一次车祸中不幸丧生。这次打击之大使她欲哭无泪。她说：“直到两个星期后的一天，我才开始放声痛哭。然后，我便觉得好像一块大石头从我的肩上抬走了。是眼泪将我带回到了现实之中。” Psychologists have used numerous facts to bear out the argument/statement/claim that in order to recover speedily from negative emotion, you should allow yourself to cry. You neednt /dont have to be ashamed of crying. Anxiety and sorrow can flow out of the body along with tears.Consider the case of/Take Donna. Her son unfortunately died in a car accident. The intensity of the blow made her unable to cry. She said, “It was not until two weeks later that I began to cry. And then I felt as if a big stone had been lifted from my shoulders. It was the tears that brought me back to earth.” Unit 6芭芭拉梦想当一名执行总裁已有好长时间了。为了达到心中渴望的这一目的，她向多家跨国（multi-national）公司申请工作，但都失败。然而，似乎任何东西都不能使她气馁。不久前她利用当地一家银行的贷款，开了一家餐馆。她边做生意边照料两个年幼的孩子。同时，她还攻读工商管理硕士（MBA）学位。尽管如此，她努力做到将自己的事情安排得井井有条。不过，即便对她来说，争分夺秒地工作也绝非易事。这是件十分累人的活儿。 Barbara has dreamed of becoming a CEO for a long time. To achieve her hearts desire, she applied for a job in many a multi-national corporation, but failed to get it. However, nothing seems to be able to undo her. With a loan from a local bank she opened a restaurant not long ago. While doing business she is having two young children to care for. Also, she is working at/studying for an MBA degree. Despite all this she manages to get her act together. Nevertheless, even to her, racing the clock is by no means a piece of cake. Its a very exhausting job. Unit 112 One way of summarizing the American position is to state that we value originality and independence more than the Chinese do. The contrast between our two cultures can also be seen in terms of the fears we both harbor. Chinese teachers are fearful that if skills are not acquired early, they may never be acquired; there is, on the other hand, no comparable hurry to promote creativity. American educators fear that unless creativity has been acquired early, it may never emerge; on the other hand, skills can be picked up later.13 However, I do not want to overstate my case. There is enormous creativity to be founded in Chinese scientific, technological and artistic innovations past and present. And there is a danger of exaggerating creative breakthroughs in the West . When any innovation is examined closely, its reliance on previous achievements is all too apparent (the “standing on the shoulders of giants” phenomenon ).Unit 219. Walton set up a college scholarship fund for employees children, a disaster relief fund to rebuild employee homes damaged by fires, floods, tornadoes, and the like. He believed in cultivating ideas and rewarding success.20. Hed say, That fellow worked hard, lets give him a little extra, recalls retired president Ferold F. Arend, who was stunned at such generosity after the stingy employer he left to join Wal-Mart. I had to change my way of thinking when I came aboard.20“他会说，那人工作努力，奖励一下吧，”退休的前任总裁费罗尔德F阿伦德回忆道。他原先供职的雇主非常吝啬，所以离开那里加入沃尔玛公司之后，他对这种慷慨行为深感震惊。“我加盟沃尔玛后，不得不改变自己的思维方式。”21.The reason for our success, says Walton, in a company handout, is our people and the way theyre treated and the way they feel about their company. They believe things are different here, but they deserve the credit.21“我们之所以成功，”沃尔顿在公司宣传册上写道，“是由于我们的员工，是由于他们所受到的待遇以及他们对公司的感情。他们认为这里与众不同，但是这种荣誉他们受之无愧。”Unit 410Id never realized how important daily routine is: dressing for work, sleeping normal hours. Id never thought I relied so much on co-workers for company. I began to understand why long-term unemployment can be so damaging, why life without an externally supported daily plan can lead to higher rates of drug abuse, crime, suicide. 以前我从未意识到日常的生活起居是多么重要，如穿戴整齐去上班，按时就寝。以前我从10未想过自己会那么依赖同事做伴。我开始理解为什么长时间的失业会那么伤人，为什么一个人的生活缺少了外部支持的日常计划就会导致吸毒、犯罪、自杀率的增长。 11To restore balance to my life, I force myself back into the real world. I call people, arrange to meet with the few remaining friends who havent fled New York City. I try to at least get to the gym, so as to set apart the weekend from the rest of my week. I arrange interviews for stories, doctors appointments - anything to get me out of the house and connected with others11为了恢复生活的平衡，我强迫自己回到真实世界中去。我给别人打电话，与所剩无几的仍然住在纽约城的几个朋友安排见面。我至少设法去去健身房，以便使周末与工作日有所不同。我安排来访好写报道，预约看医生安排任何需要我出门与他人接触的活动。 Unit 59The runway felt different this lime. It startled him for a brief moment. Then it all hit him like a wet bale of hay. The bar was set at nine inches higher than his personal best. Thats only one inch off the National record, he thought. The intensity of the moment filled his mind with anxiety. He began shaking the tension. It wasnt working. He became more tense. Why was this happening to him now, he thought. He began to get nervous. Afraid would be a more accurate description. What was he going to do? He had never experienced these feelings. Then out of nowhere, and from the deepest depths of his soul, he pictured his mother. Why now? What was his mother doing in his thoughts at a time like this? It was simple. His mother always used to tell him when you felt tense, anxious or even scared, take deep breaths.9这一回，那跑道显得有些异样。刹那间，他感到一阵惊吓。一种惶惑不安的感觉向他袭来。横杆升在高出他个人最高纪录9英寸的高度。他想，这一高度与全国纪录只差1英寸了。这一刻紧张异常，他感到焦虑不安。他想摆脱紧张情绪。没有用。他更紧张了。在这种时刻怎么会这样呢，他暗暗思忖着。他有点胆怯起来。说是恐惧也许更为恰当。怎么办？他以前从来不曾有过这种感觉。这时，不知不觉地，在内心最深处，出现了他母亲的身影。为什么是在这一刻？记忆中，母亲在这种时刻会怎样做呢？很简单。母亲过去总跟他说，当你觉得紧张、焦虑、甚至害怕的时候，就深深地吸气。10 So he did. Along with shaking the tension from his legs, he gently laid his pole at his feet. He began to stretch out his arms and upper body. The light breeze that was once there was now gone. He carefully picked up his pole. He felt his heart pounding. He was sure the crowd did, too. The silence was deafening. When he heard the singing