12种常用动词时态.doc

12种常用动词时态 用 write (wrote -written -writing ) 1. He often _ letters to his parents.2. He _letters to his parents now.3. He_two letters to his parents since he came here.4. He_ a letter to his parents all this morning.5. He _ a letter to his parents two days ago.6. He_ a letter to his parents when she came in.7. He_ ten letters to his parents by the end of last week.8. He_ a letter to his parents tonight.9. He_a letter to his parents at seven oclock this evening.10. He_twelve letters to his parents by the time he leaves for Africa.11. He said he _ a letter to his parents the next week.12. He said he _ a letter the whole morning答案： 1.writes 2. Is writing 3. Has written 4.has been writing 5.wrote 6. Was writing 7.had written 8. Will write 9.will be writing 10. Will have written 11. Would write 12.had been writing 一般现在时: 应用: 表示现在经常或反复发生的动作或存在的状态. 表示主语的特征,性格,能力等. 表示不受时间限制的事实或普遍真理. 在时间和条件状语从句中表示将来的动作. 表示时间表中安排或计划好的将来动作.常用时间状语:often, always,usually,sometimes,every day,once a week 等构成: 动词原形;第三人称单数在动词后加s ; 以s ,x, sh, ch, o 结尾的动词在末尾加es; 以辅音字母+y 结尾的,把 y 变成 i + es. 一般过去时 应用:表示过去时间里发生的动作或存在的状态. 表示过去经常或反复发生的动作.常用时间状语: yesterday, a few days ago, last week 等 以及由when 引导的过去时间状语从句.构成:规则动词的过去式在动词末尾加ed, 辅音字母+y 结尾的动词,把y 变成i +ed ; 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,双写这个辅音字母再加ed. 如: stop -stopped, plan -planned,begbegged, permitpermitted, control controlled 等. 一般将来时应用:将来发生的动作或状况.常用时间状语: tomorrow, next week, in a few days 等构成: 1.) will + v 原形; ( I, we ) shall + v 原形 2.) be ( am, is, are ) going to + v 原形 (最近打算做或可能发生的事.) 3.) be ( am,is, are ) + to do sth ( 必须或计划要进行的事) 4.) be ( am, is are ) about to do sth. ( 即将做某事) 5.) 某些位置转移的动词的现在进行时表将来 (come ,go arrive, leave, fly, start 等.) 6.)一般现在时 (见上) 过去将来时 过去某一时间内将要发生的动作或存在的状态,常用在宾语从句中.构成: would + v 原形; was/ were going to do sth ; was / were to do sth ; was/ were about to do sth 等. 现在进行时此时此刻或目前这一段时间正在进行的动作.构成: be ( am, is are ) +ving (现在分词)常用时间状语: now, at present, at this moment 等, 如果与 always, constantly 连用,表示说话者的情绪:赞扬,批评,不满,遗憾等.Eg: He always gets up late. (客观事实) He is always getting up late. ( 批评)注意:某些动词不用进行时,如: like, hate, love, believe, think,want, smell (闻起来), taste (尝起来), sound (听起来),feel (感到), have (有), belong (属于),hear,(听见) see(看见) 等. 过去进行时过去某一时刻或某阶段正在进行的动作.可用时间状语或上下文暗示.构成: be ( was , were ) + ving 将来进行时在将来某一时间正在发生的动作或按计划在未来将要进行的动作.构成: will be + ving ; 第一人称可用 shall be + ving 现在完成时 构成: have / has + 过去分词应用: 过去开始,但持续到现在的动作或状态,通常用延续性动词.常用时间状语有: for + 一段时间, since; so far (到目前为止); up to now, until now; in the past / last + 一段时间; 过去发生的动作,但对现在仍留下某种后果和影响,常与非延续性动词,如 begin, give,go, meet , see 等连用,并带有不确定的时间状语,如: already, yet, once, twice, ever, just, never 等.It / this is the first / secondtime (that ) 主 + has / have + 过去分词.区分 : have been : 去过(已归) have gone 去 (还未归) 过去完成时构成: had + 过去分词应用: 过去的过去, 在过去某个时间或动作前已经发生的动作,可能刚停止,也可能还在继续. 过去未曾实现的希望,打算或意图.常与 hope, intend, mean, expect,等连用. 如. I had hoped to attend the meeting but I was too busy. 将来完成时在将来某个时间前已经完成的动作构成: will have + 过去分词 ; 常用时间状语 by + 将来时间11.现在完成进行时从过去某一时间开始的动作一直延续到现在,可能刚刚结束也可能还要继续.即: (从过去到现在) 一直.常与延续动词连用.并常伴有表示时间长度的状语 如: since , these days, all the morning 等.构成: have / has been + ving 12.过去完成进行时过去的过去一直在进行的动作,可能刚停止,也可能还在继续.构成: had been + ving时态呼应 宾语从句,主句的谓语是过去时,宾语从句的谓语也要用过去时,一般现在变一般过去,一般过去变过去完成,一般将来变过去将来. 真理,格言除外,从句中有绝对的过去时间状语,如in 1997，从句只用一般过去时.1. My brother _ while he _his bicycle. ( fall, ride )2. The match will be put off if it _ tomorrow. ( rain )3. According to the time table, the plane _off at 10.a.m.(take)4. It is a long time since we met last time.- I _in England for one year. ( study)5. This time next week she _in that company.( work)6. It is expected that the bridge _ by next month.( complete)7. There _a lot of changes in the last 10 years. ( be )8. It is the third time you _late this week. ( arrive)9. By the time he was 12, Edison_to make a living by himself. (begin)10.