武汉乐学艺考教育英语2013年倒装句教案.doc

语法专题：倒装句倒装是一种语法手段，用于表示一定的句子结构或强调某一句子成分。倒装句有两种：完全倒装(full inversion)和部分倒装(partial inversion)如何将正常语序的句子变成倒装句？如何对付高考完成句子之倒装？ 一、完全倒装 完全倒装通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有：1. There be结构。另外,在此结构中可以用来代替be动词的动词有:exist, seem, happen, appear, live, rise, stand等。如:There is a pretty girl in the next room.There stood a dog before him.There exist different opinions on this question.2.在以here、there、now、then等副词开头的句子里。 “Here, There, Now, Then + come (或be,go,lie,run) + 主语 结构。 Here comes the girl!There goes the bell. Then came the hour we had been looking forward to.Now comes your turn.注意：如果主语是人称代词,就不用倒装。如:Here you are. There she comes.3. 表示方向的副词out, in, up, down等置于句首,要用全部倒装。如果主语是人称代词,就不用倒装。如:In came Mr. White.Up went the arrow into the air.Out rushed the children.Away went the boy.注意：如果主语是人称代词,就不用倒装。如：Away he went. Out they rushed.4.当表示地点的介词词组(如on the wall, under the tree, in front of the house, in the middle of the room等)在句首时,要用全部倒装。如：At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake. The soldiers ran to the building, on the top of which flew a flag. East of the lake lie two towns. Under the tree was lying a wounded soldier.5. 分词(代词) + be + 主语结构。如:Walking at the head of the line was our teacher.Buried in the deep sea are all kinds of sea animal bodies. Such was the story he told me.巩固练习:1) _ a beautiful palace _ the foot of the hill.A. There stand; at B. There stands; under C. Stands there; underD. There stands; at2) There _. And here _.A. goes the phone; she comes B. is the phone going; is sheC. does the phone go; does she comeD. the phone goes; come she 3) Out _, with a stick in his hand.A. did he rushB. rushed he C. he rushedD. he did rush4) _ from the top of the building when the policeman pointed the gun at him. A. Jumped down the robberB. Jumped the robber down C. Down jumped the robber D. Down the robber jumped5) Near the church _ cottage.A. was such an oldB. had a so oldC. was such old aD. is so an old6) _, a man of achievements, deep thoughts, but with simple habits. A. Einstein was such B. Such was Einstein C. Einstein was soD. So was Einstein7) _ are the days when teachers were looked down upon. A. Gone B. Go C. To go D. Going 二、部分倒装 部分倒装可以用于多种时态，常见的情况有：1. 句首状语为否定词(短语)或半否定词(短语)的句子要用部分倒装。这类词或短语主要有never, neither, nor, not,little, few, nowhere,seldom, rarely, hardly, scarcely, no sooner, in no way, by no means ,under no circumstance ,at no time等, 如:Never will I give in.Not a word did I say to him.I cant swim. Neither can he.Little does he care about what I said.Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.No sooner had he gone to bed than he fell asleep.Hardly had he arrived the station when the train left.By no means will she marry you.注：Neithernor所引导的并列句，前后分句均用部分倒装，例如：Neither do I know her name，nor does Tom.2. Only + 状语（副词、介词短语、从句）放在句首,要部分倒装。如: Only then did I realize the importance of English. Only by this means is it possible to explain it. Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work. 注意：“only+主语”位于句首时不倒装。如：But only love can say，try again or walk away.Only you3.so或so引导的短语放在句首作状语,要部分倒装。如:I saw the film, so did Mary.So angry was he that he could hardly speak.So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him.So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch. 4. Not only + 分句,but also + 分句句型中的前一分句要部分倒装。如: Not only does John love Chinese, he is also good at speaking it. Not only did he come，but also he was very happyNot only was everything that he had taken away from him ，but also his German citizenship（was taken away）注意：not only.but also.连接主语时,不倒装。如:Not only the mother but also the children are sick.5. Not until放在句首要用部分倒装；若是复句，从句不倒装,主句倒装。如: Not until last week did they find the lost bike. Not until my son had entered the university did he realize the importance of learning English.6. 在以often, many a time, now and again 等方式或频度副词(短语)开头的句子中,要用部分倒装结构。如:Often have we made that test.Many a time has John given me good advice.Now and again did she come to see me.7.用于某些表示祝愿的句子里 May you succeed! Long live Chairman Mao!Long live the Peoples Republic of China! 8.虚拟语气的条件从句中，省略了if后，were, had, should等放在条件句主语前，形成倒装。例如：Were I you, I would try it again. （=If I were you，I would try it again.）Should it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off visiting Beijing.=Had you worked hard at college, you would have got a better job.=9.由as, though, however构成的让步状语从句，从句要倒装，此种倒装结构比较特殊，一般为：形容词（副词或名词等）+as/though+主语+谓语; however +形容词（副词)+主语+谓语，例如：Child as he is,he knows so much about history.Tired as he is, he wont stop to have a rest.Try as they might, they werent able to overtake the leaders.Try as we might, we will never surpass their achievements.However late he is , mother will wait for him to have dinner together.However hard they tried, they werent able to overtake the leaders.However hard we try, we will never surpass their achievements.巩固练习:1) Hardly _ the airport when the plane took off.A. I had arrived atB. had I arrivedC. had I reachedD. I had got to2) Have you ever seen anything like that before?No, _ anything like that before.A. I never have seen B. never I have seenC. never have I seen D. I have seen3) She is not fond of cooking, _ I.A. so amB. nor amC. neitherD. nor do4) Only in this way _ make progress in your English.A. you B. can you C. you be able to D. will you able to5) Only when the meeting was over_ go back to meet his friend.A. he could B. he was able toC. was he able toD. was able to he6) The doctor told Charlie to breathe deeply and _.A. so did CharlieB. Charlie did so C. Charlie does soD. did Charlie so7) So loudly _ that _ hear her clearly. A. did she speak; could everyone B. did she speak; everyone could C. she spoke; could everyone D. she spoke; everyone could9) Not until the early years of the 19th century _know what heat is. A. man didB. manC. didnt manD. did man10) Not until I began to work _ realize how much time I had wasted. A. didnt I B. did I C. I didntD. I11) Many a time _ swimming alone. A. the boy wentB. went the boy C. did the boy goD. did go the boy将下列各句改为倒装句式:(1) She was so shy that she dared not say a word in front of so many people._(2) I had no sooner sat down than the telephone rang._(3) The girl cared little for new clothes._(4) I realized that I had made a mistake only when I got home._(5) If you had come here yesterday, you would have met the famous film star._(6) He didnt learn the news until a week later._(7) I have never heard of such a name._(8) The days when the Chinese people used f