2017~2020年上海高考英语试题概要写作汇总附参考例文+评分标准

1、2017?2020年上海高考英语概要写作汇编2020年秋考Arepeopleunique?Itishumanbeings'pridethatwearetheonlyspeciesonthePlanetthatcanspeakandthink.However,recentresearchcastsdoubtonthatcommonbelief.ZuberbiililerapsychologistatSt.AndrewsUniversity,andhiscolleaguesrecordedtliousandsofcallsmadebyDianamonkeysandnoticedthatdi

2、emonkeysadaptedtheircallstochangethemeaiungtowarnoneanotheraboutdifferentsituations.Forexample,theymadea'krack'alarmcallatthesightoftigerHowever,whentheymerelyrepeatedcallsmadebyotliermonkeystheyaddedan4ooTheresearchersfbimdthatthesamecallswouldberecognisedbyotherspecies,likeCampbelfsmonkeys

3、.Sotheyarecommunicatingacrossspecies.*Andsincethenwehavefoundthathornbillbirdscanunderstandthesecallsandtheytoocanunderstandalldiedifferentmeanings',saidZuberbuhler.Whatisalsosurprisingisthatsignsofmtelligencehavebeenfoundinbirds,whosesmallbrainswerelongassumedtobeacompletebarriertomtelligence.H

4、owever,allthatischangingfast.AfewyearsagoIrenePepperbergofdieMassachusettsIiistimteofTeclinologytaughtaparrottorecogniseandcountuptosixobjects,whichcouldn'thavebeenachievedifbirdswereunabletomemorize.Lastyear,thatwastoppedbyAlexKacelmk,aprofessorofbehavioralecologyatOxford,whodiscoveredthatcrows

5、（乌鸦）arecapableofusingtoolsincomplexorders,thefirsttimesuchbehaviourhasbeenobserveduinon-huinans.Inanexperimentsevencrowssuccessfullygrabbedapieceoffoodplacedoutofreachusingthreedifferentlengtlisofstick.Crucially,theywereabletocompletethetaskwithoutanyspecialtraining,suggestingthebirdswerecapableofal

6、evelofabstractreasoningnormallyassociatedonlywithhumans.Allthisispowerfulevidenceagainstdieideathatpeopleareunique.参考答案:Scientistshavediscoveredsignsoflanguageandintelligenceinmonkeysandbirds.Somemonkeyscancommunicatevanousmessageswithdifferentcallsinandacrossspecies.Somebirds,likeparrotsandcrows,ha

7、vetheabilitytomemorizeandreason.Solanguageandintelligencearenotimiquetohumans.2020年春考GlobalCooperationInthe21stcentury,we'eseenanewtrendthatispusluiigtheboundaries（边界）ofhumaninventionandinnovation-globalcooperation.Scientificandteclinicalresearchanddevelopmentisnowsocomplicatedthatnoonescientist

8、canknowitall.So,increasingly,innovationiscomingfromdiecombmmgofcutting-edgeexpertise（专业知识）fromdifiereiitscientificfields.Therearenowover8.000scientificjournalsworldwideanditismipossibletobeailexpertmallareas.Therefore,inthishighlyspecializedworld,scientists,medicsandengineershavetocooperateinorderto

9、innovate.ProfessorBobLangeratMassachusettsInstituteofTeclinologyQUT)hasmadesignificantbreaktliroughsinthefieldofbiomedicalenguieeriiig.Buthehasn'tdoneitonhisown.Hehasinvitedexpertsfromaroundtheworldindifferentfieldstoformaglobalteamtodesignnewsubstanceswhichcangoinsidethebodydelivermedicinesandt

10、hendissolve.AlsoatMIT,whenCesarHaradaheardabouttheoilspillintheGulfofMexicoin2010.hequithisdreamjobthereandtriedtodevelopamoreefficientwaytoremovetheoil.Butratherthanfocusingonprofit,hedecidedto4open-source'thedesign.Hesharedhisownideasondiewebforfreeandthengotexpertsfromallaroundtheworldtocontr

11、ibuteideasandevendonations.Thankstothisfree,not-for-profitwayofsharingideasandintellectualpropertyonthemtemet,aboatcapableofcleaningoilquicklycameintobeing.Obviously,mternationalcooperationbasedonsharmginformationfreelyhasproducedinnovativeapproachestosolvingproblems.Itappearsthatthedaysofbrillianti

12、ndividualsworkingintlieirgaragesontheirownareover.Globalteamswithaunitedpurposebuildingoneveryone'sexpertisecancollectivelydofarmorethanonebrilliantindividual.Today'sworldcallsforglobalcooperators,sharers,andnotprotectorsofideas.参考答案：Inthiscentury,globalcooperationinscienceandtechnologyisdes

13、irablebecausenosinglescientistcanbeakiiow-allduetothecomplexityofresearchanddevelopment.Scientistsareworkmgtogethertomakebreaktlirouglis.Tlieyalsomanagetosolveproblemsbysharingideasinfbmiationfreely.Gonearethedayswhenoneexpertcanmakeitalone.2019年秋考Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizediemaini

14、deaandthemampoiiit(s)ofthepassagemnomoretliaii60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Bemgamongthefirsttotryoutanewpieceoftechnologyiscool.Whenyou'retheonlymemberofyoursocialcirclewiththelatesthotdevice,peoplestareinfascination.However,peopletendtounderestimatediecostsofthistemporarycoolness,whic

15、htlieypayinmorewaysthanone.Franklyspeaking,earlyadoptionisabadinvestment.Theearliestversionsofdevicesarenotonlyexpensive,theyarealsothemostexpensivethatthosedeviceswilleverbe.Companiesareattemptingtorecoverthecostofproductionasfastastheycan.andoncetheprofitsfromearlyadopters'purchasesaresafelyin

16、theirhands,theycancutdiepriceandshifttothenextmarketingphase:sellingtheproducttoeveryoneelse.TinsiswhythecostoftheoriginaliPhonedroppedaboutS200onlyeightmonthsafteritsrelease.Thosewhoarefirsttoleapintoanewtechnologyalsoriskwastmgmoneyandtimeonsomethingthatwillnevercatchon.Iii2006,HDDVDs,anewformat(制

17、式)forvideo,enteredthemarket.AfeweagerconsumersboughtHDDVDplayersthatwerediscontinuedinearly2008.Theearlyadopterswerethenstuckwithpriceydevicestliatjustsatontheirshelvescollectingdust.AnothergoodreasontoresistdieearlyadoptiontemptationistliatdiefirstversionofaproducttypicallyhasmAerfections.Forexampl

18、e,whenMicrosoft'sgamemaclmie,XboxOne,wasfirstreleasedin2013,usersmiinediatelybegantocomplamofproblems.Devotedgamersworkedtofindandsharesolutionstotlieseissues.Suchproblemsaresocommonwitlinewtechnologythatearlyadoptersarebasicallyunpaidtesters.Sodon'tjointhefirstwaveofconsumerswhoinvestinthel

19、atestversionofdevice;instead,waitandsee.参考答案：Itisunwisetobeearlyusersofthelatestdevices.Firstly,thedevices,whenlaunched,areoftenoverpricedbecausecompanieswanttogetbackthecostquickly.Secondly,whatyouhaveboughtcanbeoutofdateverysoon.Finally,thedeucesareverylikelyimperfect.Therefore,don'tbeearlyado

20、pters.1 .在包含主题句及涵盖三个要点的基础上，能根据文章准确阐述三个要点中任意两点A2.需要说明作者对这一行为的态度（开头结尾皆可）Itisunwise./Don'tbecome.（表述可不相同）如没有表达出这一态度，内容不能拿满分一在包含主题句及涵盖三个要点的基础上，,根据文章准确阐述三个要点中任意一点的具体内容：（1） Firstly,thedevices,whenlaunched,areoftenoverpricedbecausecompanieswanttogetbackthecostquiBckly.（该要点阐述定价高的理由）（2） Secondly,whatyouh

21、aveboughtcanbeoutofdateverysoon.（该要点阐述果实很快）（3） Finally,thedevicesareveryrlikelyimperfect.（该要点阐述设备不完美，如只写“unpaidtesters"不准确）一必须准确写出主题句及涵盖三个要点，要点可以不展开1.主题句中"Earlyadopters/earlyusersoflatestdevices”划线部分信息在主题句中没有表述，但下文提及,表述不扣分；但如果下文没有表达清楚是什么的早期使用者术语主题句表述不准确。2,单个要点：overpriced,outofdate,imperfec

22、t2,只.Hi圈脸邛跳*e表述不准确D1 .只提到一个或两个要点击但没有主题句或主题句表述不准确E2 .有主题句，但三个变点中只提到一个2019年春考Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizediemainideaandthemampoiiit(s)ofthepassagemnomoretliaii60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Wherearethebees?Beesareessentialtotheproductionoffoodweeat.Beesmakehoney,buttlieyalsopol

23、linate(给授花粉)largeareasofcrops,suchasstrawberries,applesandonions.Aboutatliirdofthefoodweeatisaresultofpollinationofthebees.Unfbmuiately,beeshavebeendisappearmgatailalarmingrate.In2006,beekeepersstartedreportingaboutsomethingcalledColonyCollapseDisaster(CCD.ThemainsigilofCCDisdielossofadulthoneybeesf

24、romahivei蜂巢).IiiOctoberof2006,somebeekeepersreportedthattheyhadlostbetween30and90percentoftheirhives.Thereweremanytheoriesofthedisappearanceofthebees.Butdiemostconvincingonehastodowithpesticides(杀虫齐lj)andlifestylesofbeestoday.Nowadays,beekeepersgetmostoftlieirmcomenotfromproducinghoneybutfromrenting

25、beestopollinateplants.Tliismeansthatthelifeofthetypicalbeenowconsistsoftravelingallaroundthecountrytopollinatecropsastheseasonschange.Thatmeansalotoftravelingontrucks,winchisverystressfultobees.Itisnotunusualforupto30%ofthehivetodieduringtransportduetostress.Illaddition,beesthatspendmostoftheirtimel

26、ockedupontracksarenotexposedtowhatusuallyliveon.Instead,theyliveonasweetliquidfromcom,usuallypollutedwithpesticides.Nooneknowsforsurewhatcausesbeestodisappear,butlosingbeesisverycostlyfortheeconomy.BeepollinationservicesarewortlioverS3billionayear.Withnobees,pollinationwillhavetobedonebyhand,wliichw

27、ouldaffectthequalityoffoodandmcreasefoodprices.Wehearalotaboutbigenvironmentaldisastersalmosteveryday.Butoneofthebiggestmayjustbethelossofthattinyflymginsect.参考答案：Beesaredisappearingrapidly.Themostpersuasiveexplanationisrelatedtopesticidesandtheircurrentlifestyle.Nowbeeshavetotravelaroundasbeekeeper

28、srentthemforpollination.Ontheway,theymaydiefromstressorfoodonadietpollutedbypesticides.Whateverthecause,thelossofgeesdoesgreatharmtotheeconomy.(57w)评分标准：内容5分：包含三个要点(见3分)，并对三个要点中的两个进行说明，如1. Nowbeeshavetotravelaroundasbeekeepersrentthemforpollination.2. Theymaydiefromstressontheway.3. Theymayfeedonadi

29、etpollutedbypesticidesontheway.4分：包含三个要点，并对三个要点中的一个进行说明或包含两个要点，并对两个要点进行说明3分：包含三个要点：1 .蜜蜂消失这一现象2 .蜜蜂消失的原因3 .蜜蜂消失对经济的影响包含两个要点，并对一个要点进行说明2分：包含两个要点1分：包含一个要点语言:1.61-66个词，扣1分；超过66词，扣2分2 .连续5个单词抄自原文，扣1分，不重复扣分。3 .有语法错误，扣1分，不重复扣分。4 .语言以准确为标准，不要求句式复杂，词汇丰富。若语言出色，有轻微语法错误不扣分2018年秋考BecominganattractiveemployeeThe

30、2008financialcrisiscreatedailunstablejobmarket.Fast-fbnvardtothepresent,andtheeconomyhasnotfiillyrecovered.Thus,it'sofvitalimportanceforjobseekerstocarefullystrategizetheirapproachtojobapplication.Anditisespeciallyimportantforthosenewtotheworkforce.Theyshouldlookatmakingthemselvesasattractiveasp

31、ossibletoeiiAloyers.Foryoungpeople,infbniiationtechnologyskillswillplayanincreasingroleinthefuture.AsthegenerationtohavegrownupindieInformationAge,theyarequiteconfidentwhenitcomestoshowingofftheninterestsandskillsintliisfield.Thismakesthemanaturalfitforcompaniesseekingexpertiseintechnology,marketing

32、,andnenvorking.Theyshouldemphasizetlieseskillswhenapplyingforjobsthatrequiretheabilitytomultitask.Anotherattractivequalityisexperience.Itisimportantthatanapplicantsresumelistanyactivitiesthatinvolvedteamworkandgoal-drivenresponsibilities.Membershipinasportsorsocialclubandparticipationasavolunteerare

33、goodexamplesoftliis.Theseactivitiesinvolvegoalmanagementandplanning,alongwiththeabilitytofocuswhilecompetmgonateam.Whenhirmgcommitteesseethis,theyseeacandidatewhoiscapableofworkinginavarietyofenvironments.Fmally,anattractivequalitywhenjob-huntiiigisagreatattitudetowardapotentialjob.Ybungjobseekersar

34、eknowntobeoverconfidentbecausetheyhavebeenpraisedforeverythingtheyhavedone.Buttheymustrealizethatdieemploymentmarketisabouthowailemployeewillbeagoodfitforacompany,notdieotherwayaround.liifactinailinterview,annnportantquestiontoaskis:"Whatwouldbeexpectedofmeasanemployee?"Intoday'stoughj

35、obmarket,youngjobseekersneedtoprovideapotentialemployerwithgoodreasonstohirethem.A在包含主题句及涵盖二个要点的基础上，能根据文章准确阐述二个要点中任意两点B在包含主题句及涵盖二个要点的基础上，能根据文章准确阐述二个要点中任意一点的具体内容：(1) Theyneedtodemonstratetheirknowledgeandskillsinmfbrmationtechnology.(2) TheyshouldincludeintheirKsum如theexperiencesthatreflecttheyarecoo

36、perativeandgoal-oriented.(3) Theyneedtoadoptaproperattitude,thatis,takingfutureemployersexpectationsmtoconsideration.rC必须包含主题句及涵盖二个要点(可以不展开)主逊句需表达的意思:Howcanyoimgpeopleattracttheirfimireemployers?或Howdoyoungjobseekersstrategizetheapproachtojobapplication?二个要点：informationtechnologyskills,experience,at

37、titudeD1 .只提到二个要点，但没有主题句2 .有主题句，但三个要点中只提到两个E1 .只提到一个或两个要点，但没有主题句2 .有主题句，但三个要点中只提到一个参考答案：Howcanyoungpeopleattracttheirfutureemployers?First,tlieyneedtodemonstratetheirknowledgeandskillsinHifbrniationtechnology.Second,theyshouldincludeintheirresumetheexperiencestliatreflecttlieyarecooperativeandgoal-o

38、riented.Fmallytheyneedtoadoptaproperattitude、thatis,takuigfutureemployers'expectationsintoconsideration.学生答案：Duetofinancialcrisis,youngpeopleshouldappearfiillyattractivetoattachtoemployers.Firstly,mfbnnationtechnologyskillsarepreferredinmultitaskbecauseofitsmcreasmgimportance.Besides,experiencei

39、nvolvingteamworkandvaluablepersonalqualitiesisalsoofgreatvalue.Finally,employeesshouldexpresstheirgenumehopestoshowagreatattitudetothejob.Allabovecontributestohiring.(9分)Sincetheeconomyisnotgoodatall,it'sessentialforemployeestobecomeattractive.First,mfbrmationtechnologyskillsaremorenatureforthey

40、oungandimportanttogetajob.Second,experiencewithgroupoperationthatneedsmanagementandvarietyisalsoimportant.Third,becominghumbleandhavinganglitattitudeisalsotheemployersarelookmgfbr(8分)contributingtopromptingrecognitionandfeelingmoreconnectedwithoneanotherScientistsassurethatlaughterresultedingreaterc

41、ooperationbetweenindividualsinancienttimes,asbettercooperationleadstosurvival.(58w)Wewerebornwiththeabilityofhelpingandscientiststhinkthereasonwhywelaughisthatwefeelconnectedwithothersandwewanttoberecognizedbyothers.Besides,laughterhelpspeopletocooperatetosurvivewith.(40w)2017年秋考Directions:Readthefo

42、llowingpassage.Summarizediemainideaandthemampoiiit(s)ofdiepassageinnomoretliaii60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.LeavingbyRoteintheDigitalAgeRotelearninghadbecomeseenasanoutdatedmethodofteaching.Tliedictionarydefineslearning'byrote'as:memory,witlioutthoughtofthemeaning;inamechanicalwayT

43、hedeclineofrotelearninghasbeenquickenedbytechnology.Nooneneedstomemorizefriends'phonenumbersoremailaddressesbecausesuchdataisconvenientlystoredandaccessibleelectronically.AndwhyrememberwhenandwhereWbrldWar二brokeoutwhenyoucanfindtheanswerontheintenietinaboutsixseconds?Butnowtherearevoicesforaneed

44、toreturntoroteleanimg.Infact,memorizingkeydataisessentialtoleanimganyskill.Doctoringrequiresknowledgeofmedicineandlawyeringrequiresknowledgeofcasesandlaws.Ofcourse,beingabletorecallthingswillnotftirtheryourunderstandingofthosethmgs,butwithoutmemorizmgthesefoundationelements,youcamiotprogresstoadeepe

45、runderstandingofasubject.Whiletheinternetandcomputershaveweakenedtheneedforustorememberthings,itmaywellbethatmobilelearmiigcanhelpbringthisstyleofleanimgbacktolifebymakingitmoreconvenientandmorefim.Drillmgyourselfwithflashcardsorbyrepetitionisusuallyhardandboringwork,whichiswhymostpeopleneedtheirmul

46、tiplicationtablestobedrilledintothembyteachersorparents.Rotelearningwithoutawillingthirdpartycanbeabattleofdisciplmeandmotivation.Butmobileleanimgcanmakethoseflashcardsanddrillsappropriatetoindividualstudy;ourdigitaldevicescanchallengeandmfbrmusatthesametimeandalsokeepsmotivated,whetherthroughgame-l

47、ikestructuresorrecordingourprogress.Onceyou'verequiredtheessentialsofasubjectbyroteleanimgyouwillfinditeasiertogodeeperintheapplicationofknowledgewhichisimportant.4frommore参考答案：Rotelearningmeansmechanicalinemonzafion.Althoughtechnologymakesitlessneeded,itsvalueisbeingrediscovered.Rotelearninghel

48、pspeopleacquirebasicknowledge,layingafoundationforfurtherunderstanding.Infact,technologymakesmobilelearningpossible,whichmotivateslearnersinrotelearningandmakesmemonzationmoreinterestingandindividualized.2017年春考Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizediemainideaandthemampoiiit(s)ofthepassagemnom

49、oretliaii60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.ShynessIfyousuffershyness,youarenotalone.Itisnotsurprisingthatsocialscientistsareexploringitsenvironmentalcauses.Thefirstenvironmentalcauseofshynessmanybeachild'shomeandfamilylife.Today'schildrenaregrowingupsmallerandsmallerfamilies,withfewerandfewerrelativeslivingnearby.Growingupinhomesinwliichbothparentsworkfiilltime,childrenmaynothavethesocializingexperience