上海英语高考 之 新题型解题要诀.doc

英语高考阅读理解新题型解题要诀从2010年开始，上海英语高考阅读理解推出了一种新题型。我们先来看这种题型的解题说明。Section DDirections：Read the passages carefully. Then answer the question or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.从中可以看出解题的方式可能是三个疑问名，一个补全句子或者两个疑问句，两个补全句子。补全句子的方式可能在句末，也可能在句中。在问答问题的时候须注意以下几点：1、先要找出原话的出处，理解其真实含义。2、注意原句的动词时态，回答时要注意答句动词时态与问句保持一致。3、回答问题时的答句内容应与原句相符，但可简练用词。4、可能会有开放性题目，这时便没有现成答案，但考生在回答时，必须紧扣主题，不能随意发挥，或任意删减。5、扣分以1分为单位，没有0.5的扣分方式。阅卷都是在评分时的评分标准为：1、所有问题都必须紧扣文章的主题，不能有主观方面的内容。2、四个问题或补全句子的内容应能概括全文大致内容。3、题目表达尽量不能照抄原文原句。4、问题必须明确和具体，不能模棱两可。5、没法回答的问题可选用填空的形式来完成。SampleMail carriers will be delivering some good news and some bad news this week.The bad news: Stamp prices are expected to rise 2 cents in May to 41 cents, the Postal regulatory Commission announced yesterday. The good news: With the introduction of a “forever stamp”, it may be the last time Americans have to use annoying2-or-3-cent stamps to make up postage differences.Beginning in May, people would be able to purchase the stamps in booklets of 20 at the regular rate of a first-class stamp. As the name implies, “forever stamps”, will keep their first-class mailing value forever, even when the postage rate goes up. The new“forever stamp ”is the United States Postal Services(USPS) answer to the complaints about frequent rate increases. The may increase will be the fifth in a decade .Postal rates have risen because of inflation(通货膨胀),competition from online bill paying, and rising costs of employee benefits, including healthcare ,says Mark Saunders ,a spokesman for USPSThe USPS expects some financial gain from sales of the “forever stamp” and the savings from not printing as many 2-or-3-cent stamps.” Its not your grandfathers stamp,” says Mr. Saunders. “It could be your great-grandchildrens stamp.”Other countries, including Canada, England, and Finland use similar stamps.Don Schilling, Who has collected stamps for 50 years, says hes interested in the publics reaction. “This is an entirely new class of stamps.” Mr. Schilling says. He adds that hell buy the stamps because he will be able to use them for a long period of time, not because they could make him rich-the volume printed will be too large for collectors.” We wont be able to send our kids to college on these.” He says, laughing.The USPS board of governors has yet to accept the Postal Regulator Commissions decision, but tends to follow its recommendations. No plans have been announced yet for the design of the stamps.The new“is the United States Postal Services(USPS) answer to the complaints about frequent rate increases.1、The new “forever stamp” is introduced to respond to _.A. The complaints about frequent rate increases.B. The rising postage rate/rate rising/answer to the complaints about frequent rate increases.C. The rise of the cent/Make up postage differences/keep the value foreverWith the introduction of a” forever stamp”, it may be the last time Americans have to use annoying 2-or3-cent stomps to make up postage differences.2. How did Americans use to make up postage differences when stamp prices went up?A. By using 2-ro-2-cent stamps. / They used use annoying 2-or-3-cent stamps. /They had to use annoying 2-ro-3-cent stamps. /Used annoying 2-ro-2-cent stamps.B. Americans have to use annoying 2-ro-2-cent stamps. /To use annoying 2-ro-2-cent stamps. / Use annoying 2-ro-2-cent stamps.C. With the introduction a “forever stamp”.As the name implies,“forever stamps” will keep their first-class mailing value forever, even when the postage rate goes up.3. What will happen to the forever stamp when to postage rate changes?A. They will keep their first-class mailing value forever. / They will keep their mailing value forever. /It will keep their first-class mailing value forever.B. It wont change.C. Nothing will happen. / Many 2-ro-2-centstamps will be used.The USPS expects some financial gain from sales of the “forever stamp” and the savings from not printing as many 2-ro-2-cent stamps. “Its not your grandfathers stamp,” says Mr. Saunders. “It could be your great-grandchildrens stamp.”4. By saying “Its not your grandfathers stamp. It could be your great-grandchildrens stamp.” Mr. Saunders that the forever stamp could_A. be even used by your great-grandchildren/be used for a long timeB. be used forever /remain its value forever/be saved and could be give to your grandchildrenC. Own its value forever/make you great-grandchildren rich/be collected by great-grandchildren / raise the stamp prices根据以上标准和要求，我们具体来分析一下几篇文章A. 徐汇区试题Say goodbye to the greetings of the past, from the hands-off “Whats up!” to the handshake or high-five. For young people across the United States, hugging is the new “Hello”. Girls are hugging girls. Boys are hugging boys. Girls and boys are hugging each other. And, like every major trend, there are lots of variations on the form. Theres the classic, full-body, arms-around-the-person bear hug, the casual one-armed side hug, the group hug and the hug from behind.As trends go, this one seems pretty innocent. But some parents, teachers and school administrators are worried nonetheless. In response to some of these concerns, some schools have set up new rules to limit or eliminate hugging. One school head has created a three-second limitation for hugs at her school. Another school has taken even more drastic measures, placing a ban on all forms of touching between students.A few important points are being left out of the discussion. While the US has traditionally been reserved about touching-saving hugs and kisses for romantic partners and very close friends-people in many other parts of the world have been greeting each other this way for ages. In Latin America or Western Europe, in countries like Spain, France, and Italy, a kiss on the cheek is common among women, as well as among women and men who are not romantically involve, Latin American men are more likely to shake hands when greeting other men, but in some countries like Turkey, its not unusual for men who know each other well to exchange kisses on the cheek. Meanwhile, for the Maori people of New Zealand, a traditional greeting called the “hongi ” involves pressing noses together. People all around the world move in close to say hello, and Americans are just now joining in.Theres yet another point to consider: For as long as there have been kids and parents, kids have embraced new trends and lifestyles that have shocked or confused their parents. Parents and teachers who are now trying to struggle with the “hugging issue” should remember that when they were kids, they too found new ways of relating to each other that concerned or confused their parents. Every Generation represents a step away from the previous one. This generations teens are hugging. Who knows what the next generation will do?(Note: Answer questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)81. What problem is discussed in the passage?82. Some schools are worried about this new trend, so they have_.83. Why does the author mention the ways of greetings in Latin America and America and Western Europe?84. The last paragraph mainly tells us that different generations_.81-84 参考答案81. They are hugging each offer.82. Set up new rules to limit/eliminate hugging.83. To prove / show that this hugging trend hot new84. Have different fried and lifestyle B. 黄浦区试卷This article is designed to help you understand why you should always call the authorities to the scene of an accident in which you were injured and why the insurance company you may be facing will hate that you did so!When you call the police to the scene of your accident, then the police will require the drivers involved to exchange insurance and identification information the police may also obtain witness information and preserve statements about the event, including descriptions of what occurred and complaints of injury. All of this information will very likely assist you in the future with your claim and hurt the insurance companys ability to deny your claim. By calling the police, you have made an official record of the event and can be relatively sure that the information you receive about the other driver is accurate and truthful.This official record will effectively prevent the other drivers insurance company from arguing that the incident did not occur or that their insured driver was not involved in the cause of your injuries. (Yes, insurance companies will deny responsibility at every opportunity, including whether their driver was even in the accident with you.) Finally, statements from witnesses or the other driver may contain valuable facts that may be later forgotten or can be used to make up a“changed story.” I dont know how many times I have been told by my clients that the other person admitted fault at the scene, but later hear from the insurance company that no such statement was made and that the cause of the accident was contested.(You may not be aware of this, but I will bet that your own automobile insurance card contains the following instruction: Do not admit fault for the accident Remember, the insurance companies hate it when their drivers take responsibility for the accident because it damages their ability to deny or effectively defend your claim. After all, these companies are in business to make lost of money not to pay it to you!) If you follow this rule, then you are a step ahead in the game and you will have a much better chance of successfully making you automobile accident personal injury claim.(Not: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TWELVE WORDS.)81. The information related to a car accident is collected by the police to _.82. If witness statements are not recorded officially, the relevant facts may_83. What can you do when you have called the police to the scene?84. Why dont the insurance companies want you to admit fault for the accident?81-84 参考答案81. Assist you in the future with your claim82. be forgotten or changed83. I can make an official record of the event84. Because it damages their ability to deny your claimC. 长宁区试题I have just been treated like a second-class citizen, simply because I happened to be that put-upon member of society a customer. The more I go into shops and hotels, banks and post offices, railway stations, airport and like, the more Im convinced that things are being run solely to suit the firm, the system, or the union, There seems to be a dishonest new motto for so-called “service organizations”- Staff Before Service,How often, for example, have you queued for what seems hours at the Post Office or the supermarket because there werent enough staff on duty to man checkout counters? Surely in these days of high unemployment it must be possible to hire cashiers and counter staff? Yet supermarkets say that putting all the cashiers at any one time would increase overheads. And the Post Office says we cannot expect all the service counters be occupied “at times when demand is low.”Its the same with hotels. Because waiters and kitchen staff must finish when it suits them, dining rooms close earlier or menu choice is shortened. As for us guests (and how the meaning of that word has been weakened.) we just have to put up with it. Theres also the nonsense of so many friendly hotel night porters having been withdrawn gradually in the interests of “efficiency” (i.e. profits) and replaced by coin-gulping machines which supply everything from beer to medicine. Not to mention the creeping threat of the tea-making kit in your room: kettle with teabags, plastic milk cartons and lump sugar. Who wants to wake up to a raw teabag? I dont , especially when I am paying for“service”.Can it be stopped, the declining service quality, this growing attitude that the customer is always unpleasant to deal with? I hope so, because its happening, sadly, in all walks of life. Our only hope is to hammer home our anger whenever and wherever we can, and if all else fails, resurrect(复兴)that older slogan - Customer Is God(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)81. According to the writer, long queues at counters are caused by _.82. Service organizations claim that keeping the checkout counters fully manned would result in_83. What caused the disappearance of the old-style hotel porter?84. In the writers opinion, why is the quality of service not as good as before?81-84 参考答案（只要意思接近，没有语法错误就认可）81. Ineffective staff management/arrangements; the lack of enough staff/employees/cashiers on duty 82. Increasing overheads; the increase of overheads; an increase of thee cost of providing services; a rise in the price of providing services 83. Automation has provided cheaper alternative(s) /choices. Appliances/ equipment like / such as coin-gulping machines and tea-making kit offer/provide(s) The interests of efficiency and the using of automatics appliances. 84. Because companies/firms/service organizations consider their staff and themselves more than customers.D. 浦东新区试卷“Hello” is one of the first words we learn as babies, yet its one of the last ones we think to use as adults. Thats unfortunate, because saying hello is more than just saying hello. It is recognition of anothers worth. How might the world change-how might we change- if we mastered this word? To find out, I spent one month saying hello to every person I met, Heres what Ive leaned. It can boost(促进) productivity. In one of the few studies ever done on this subject, Allan Allday, an assistant professor of special education at Oklahoma State University, ha middle school teachers greet their students individually each morning. This exchange of greetings raised the kids productivity. School went from impersonal To personal, and that resulted in more class participation (参与)and better grades. Environments influence friendliness. One study found that people in the city were more likely to kiss ones hands with a stranger than those in the countryside. And, researchers say, pleasant environments generally encourage more smiles and hellos than unpleasant one. My experience was similar. Whatever the reason, my urban hellos were answered far less often than my rural ones. Similarly, people in vacatio