人教版必修一Unit 2 English around the world Learning about language课时作业 (4).docx

unit 2 english around the world课时作业learning about 第一节 任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：请将答案写在答题纸上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。psychological research suggests some effective ways you can beat the holiday bluesand flags some especially unhelpful ones. here are four strategies to help you craft your own happiness recipe this holiday season.at family gatherings with cousins you secretly cant stand and inlaws who dole out backhanded compliments, it can be tempting to put on a happy face while you see the inside. indeed, that might even seem like the most mature responseno drama, no conflict. but a study by researchers at michigan state university and west point might make you think twice. they followed dozens of bus drivers for two weeks, looking to see when they flashed fake versus genuine smiles at their passengers. the results showed that on days when the drivers tried to put on an act and fake a good mood, their actual moods got worse. this was especially true for women.and another research suggests that people who really want to be happy actually derive less happiness from positive experiences, apparently because their expectations are too high. again and again, trying to force happiness seems to have the opposite effect.the results of the bus-driver study can be explained by researchers oliver john of uc berkeley and james gross of stanford university, who found that negative feelings like sadness or anger only intensify when we try to suppress them. thats because we feel bad about ourselves when our outward appearance contradicts how we truly feel inside. we dont like to be inauthentic. whats more, when we suppress emotions like sadness, we deny them the important function they serve. sadness can signal that something is distressing us; if we dont recognize it, we might not take the necessary steps to improve the situation.expressing our sadness can also elicit comfort and compassion from those who care about us, strengthening our bonds. by contrast, suppressing our emotions can actually undermine our relationshipsa study led by sanjay srivastava of the university of oregon found that college students who bottled up their emotions experienced less social support, felt less close to others, and were less satisfied with their social lives.but this does not mean talking endlessly or lashing out at our in-laws. some ways of processing and acting on our emotions are healthier than others. recently, scientists have been paying special attention to the benefits of mindfulness. when you respond mindfully to an emotional trigger, you pause rather than reacting. you simply notice what youre feeling without judging that response as right or wrong.studies suggest that a mindful response to a negative event reduces the amount of sadness we experience, is associated with less depression and anxiety, and may even carry physiological benefits, such as lowering our heart rates. its a way to avoid suppressing your emotions without reacting hastily or getting consumed by rumination（沉思）. fortunately, research suggests that mindfulness is a skill you can cultivate over time.unavoidably, the holidays will bring a mix of highs and lows. perhaps the most important lesson to keep in mind is that this variety of emotions might be the best thing possible for your overall well-being.that was the key insight from a study published in 2014 by a team of researchers from yale university, harvard business school, and other institutions spanning four countries. their survey of more than 37,000 people found that experiencing more “emodiversity” 一 a greater variety and abundance of emotionswas consistently linked to lower depression. in fact, people with more emodiversity took less medication, visited doctors less frequently, spent fewer days in hospitals, practiced better dietary and exercise habits, and smoked less.in other words, sadness, anger, and other difficult emotions are like so many other staples of the holidays, from eggnog to office parties: in moderation, theyre nothing to fear. just make sure youre balancing them with lighter experiences. and dont forget to give yourself a break.the 4-step guide to dealing with sadness during the holidaysdont _1_ cheerto avoid conflict, people often _2_ to be happy even when relatives talk endlessly at family gatherings, which appears to be a _3_ behavior.researchers find that there is no point in forcing happiness by observing drivers who feel worse when they give passengers a _4_ smile, and that those who desire happiness actually become less happy due to their high expectations.dont support sadnesswe feel bad when our appearance _5_ with our true feeling. negative emotions, when recognized, can make people take measures to improve the situation. if suppressed, negative emotions might _6_ our friendship.respond _7_mindful responses to negative emotions can be _8_ in that they might cause less depression and anxiety, and can even lower heart rates._9_ your emotional cocktailresearch find that experiencing various emotions can have many advantages, especially in terms of peoples _80_ well being. therefore, you need to balance your difficult emotions with lighter experiences.【答案】1. force 2. attempt 3. mature 4. fake 5. conflicts 6. undermine 7. mindfully 8. beneficial 9. enjoy 10. healthy【解析】如何克服假日的种种不爽，作者给了四条策略：勿强颜欢笑，勿抑制悲伤，要谨慎回应，尽情享受情感鸡尾酒。1. force考查动词。根据文中trying to force happiness seems to have the opposite effect.可知强颜欢笑有时会起到相反的作用，会心情更差。所以我们勿强颜欢笑，故填“强迫”force.2. attempt考查动词。根据第二段it can be tempting to put on a happy face while you see the inside.可知为了避免不愉快，人们总是试图强颜欢笑，attempt to do试图做某事，故填attempt.3. mature考查形容词。根据第二段that might even seem like the most mature responseno drama, no conflict.可知强颜欢笑被看做是最成熟的行为，根据the most mature response填mature.4. fake考查形容词。根据第三段the results showed that on days when the drivers tried to put on an act and fake a good mood, their actual moods got worse.可知司机假装心情很好对乘客假笑时，他们的心情实际上变得更为糟糕。根据fake a good mood故填fake.5. conflicts考查动词。根据第五段negative feelings like sadness or anger only intensify when we try to suppress them. thats because we feel bad about ourselves when our outward appearance contradicts how we truly feel inside. 比如像悲伤或者愤怒这样的负面情感，如果我们特地去抑制它们，它们只会变得更强。因为表相和内心的不一致会让我们的心情很糟。与contradicts意思一致，故填conflicts.6. undermine考查动词。根据第七段suppressing our emotions can actually undermine our relationships可知对情感的抑制实际上会破坏彼此的关系，根据undermine our relationships故填undermine.7. mindfully考查副词。根据第九段scientists have been paying special attention to the benefits of mindfulness. when you respond mindfully to an emotional trigger, you pause rather than reacting. 可知科学家们一直在关注谨慎的好处。当你对诱发某种情感的事件做出谨慎反应时，应该先让自己缓一下再做出反应。可知本条讲要谨慎回应，根据mindfulness和mindfully故填mindfully.8. beneficial考查形容词。根据倒数第四段studies suggest that a mindful response to a negative event reduces the amount of sadness we experience, is associated with less depression and anxiety, and may even carry physiological benefits, such as lowering our heart rates. 对负面事件谨慎的反应会减少我们感受到的悲伤、压抑和焦虑，甚至能带来一些生理上的好处，比如说降低心跳速率。可见是有益的，结合上段scientists have been paying special attention to the benefits of mindfulness.故填beneficial.9. enjoy考查动词。根据the most important lesson to keep in mind is that this variety of emotions might be the best thing possible for your overall well-being. 多种多样的情感能有益你的身心健康。所以我们要尽情享受情感鸡尾酒，故填enjoy.10. healthy考查形容词。根据variety of emotions might be the best thing possible for your overall well-being.可知多种多样的情感能有益你的身心健康，故填healthy.第二部分 书面表达（满分25分）请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。in campus violence cases in beijing during the last five years, 14 percent of the offenders not only beat others, but also insulted(侮辱）them. they slapped(打耳光）others, made them kneel down, and in some cases took off other peoples clothes.violence at schools has been widely reported in media in recent years 一 the violence among teenagers has drawn public and government attention. on nov 11, the ministry of education, along with eight other central sectors, published a guideline on dealing with school violence.the guideline stressed that students with serious behavioral problems should be handed over to special schools. or, in more serious cases, they may take criminal responsibility and be sent to prison.“the common tolerant attitude toward violence should be changed,” wrote jiaxing daily. “when teenagers do something wrong, we should tolerate and help them when necessary. but all of this has a limit.【写作内容】1）用约30个单词写出上文概要；2）用约120个单词写作以下相关内容：(1)校园暴力存在且越来越严重的原因（至少两点）； (2)你认为如何应对校园暴力（至少两点）；【写作要求】1）写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；2）作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；3）不必写标题。【评分标准】 内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。_【答案】as is shown in the short passage above, campus violence among teenagers has become an increasingly serious problem, but fortunately, the government has realized it and decided to take measures to deal with it.there are several factors accounting for the situation worrying us, among which peoples tolerant attitude cant be neglected. when campus violence happens, the absence of severe punishments usually makes matters worse, leading to those bad guys being more offensive and aggressive. in addition, when faced with such violence, teen victims are too afraid to report it to parents or the school, let alone call the police.in a bid to wrestle with the serious problem, joint forces must be involved. schools should impose severe punishments upon those offenders, even including removing them from school. un