高考英语二轮专题总复习 精选综合能力专练 阅读理解19.doc

2013届高考英语二轮专题总复习精选综合能力专练：阅读理解19i once had my chinese mba students brainstorming on “two-hour business plans”. i separated them into six groups and gave them an example: a restaurant chain. the more original their idea, the better, i said. finally, five of the six groups presented plans for restaurant chains. the sixth proposed a catering(餐饮) service. though i admitted the time limit had been difficult, i expressed my disappointment.my students were middle managers, financial analysts and financiers from state-owned enterprises and global companies. they were not without talent or opinions, but they had been shaped by an educational system that rarely stressed or rewarded critical thinking or inventiveness. the scene i just described came in different forms during my two years teaching at the school. papers were often copied from the web and the harvard business review. case study debates were written up and just memorized. students frequently said that copying is a superior business strategy, better than inventing and creating.in china，every product you can imagine has been made and sold. but so few well-developed marketing and management minds have been raised that it will be a long time before most people in the world can name a chinese brand.with this problem in mind, partnerships with institutions like yale and mit have been established. and then theres the “thousand talent scheme”： this new government program is intended to improve technological modernization by attracting top foreign trained scientists to the mainland with big money. but there are worries about chinas research environment. its hardly known for producing independent thinking and openness, and even big salary offers may not be attractive enough to overcome this.at last, for china, becoming a major world creator is not just about setting up partnerships with top western universities. nor is it about gathering a group of well-educated people and telling them to think creatively. its about establishing a rich learning environment for young minds. its not that simple.1. why does the author feel disappointed at his students?a. because there is one group presenting a catering service.b. because the six groups made projects for restaurant chains.c. because all the students copied a case for the difficult topic.d. because the students ideas were lacking in creativeness.解析考查推理判断能力。根据第一段整体的信息作出判断和推理。答案d2. which of the following scenes is not considered as lack of creation?a. papers were often downloaded from the internet.b. students often said that copying is a preferable business strategy.c. students combine knowledge and critical thoughts to solve a problem.d. case study debates were written up as well as recited.解析考查判断推理能力。第二段整体判断，特别是最后一句。答案c3. the underlined word “scheme” in the forth paragraph means_.a. timetable b. themec. project d. policy解析考查猜词能力。第四段的第2句“this new government program”中this指代前面的“thousand talent scheme”，而scheme和program为同义词，c中project为program同义词。答案c4. we can infer from the passage that_.a. china can make and sell any product all over the worldb. high pay may not solve the problem of chinas research environmentc. cooperation with institutions has been set up to make a chinese brandd. the new government program are aimed at encouraging imagination解析考查推理判断能力。文中没有直接表达出来，根据最后一句得出，“even big salary offers may not be attractive enough to overcome this.”中this指的是chinas learning environment存在的问题即problem，也是指its hardly known for producing independent thinking and openness这个问题。答案b5. which is the best title of the passage? a. look for a new way of learning.b. reward creative thinking.c. how to become a creator.d. establish a technical environment.解析考查主旨判断题。从整体和最后一段判断，整篇文章是讲关于教育出现的问题有了丰富的学习环境，及新的学习方法，才能有创造性的研究氛围。答案athroughout the world, boys and girls prefer to play with different types of toys. boys typically like to play with cars and trucks, while girls typically choose to play with dolls. why is this? a traditional sociological explanation is that boys and girls are socialized and encouraged to play with different types of toys by their parents, peers, and the “society”. growing scientific evidence suggests, however, that boys and girls toy preferences may have a biological origin.in 2002, gerianne m. alexander of texas a&m university and melissa hines of city university in london surprised the scientific world by showing that monkeys showed the same sextypical toy preferences as humans. in the study, alexander and hines gave two masculine toys (a ball and a police car), two feminine toys (a soft doll and a cooking pot), and two neutral toys (a picture book and a stuffed dog) to 44 male and 44 female monkeys. they then assessed the monkeys preference for each toy by measuring how much time they spent with each. their data showed that male monkeys showed significantly greater interest in the masculine toys, and the female monkeys showed significantly greater interest in the feminine toys. the two sexes did not differ in their preference for the neutral toys.if children s toy preferences were largely formed by gender socialization, as traditional sociologists claim, in which their parents give “genderappropriate” toys to boys and girls, how can these male and female monkeys have the same preferences as boys and girls？they were never socialized by humans, and they had never seen these toys before in their lives.语篇解读本文是科普阅读。男孩和女孩在玩玩具方面具有明显的性别差异。这种差异是后天习得的，还是与生俱来的呢？科学家对此进行了研究。1traditional sociologists believe boys and girls toy preferences _.a. are passed down from their parentsb. have a biological originc. have nothing to do with gender socializationd. are largely formed in later life解析细节理解题。从文章第一段的第四句和最后一段可知，传统的社会学家认为男孩、女孩对玩具的偏好差异是后天形成的。答案d2the study by alexander and hines shows that monkeys_.a. also play toys as humans dob. also have a sextypical toy preferencec. have no toy preferencesd. like to play different toys at different time解析细节理解题。文章第二段的第一句说明，猴子在玩玩具时，也有性别差异。答案b3alexander and hines carried out the study to _.a. find out why boys and girls prefer different toysb. test the intelligence of monkeysc. test whether monkeys like to play toysd. find more evidence for traditional sociology解析推理判断题。从文章第一段最后一句和最后一段可知，用猴子做研究的目的是证明男孩和女孩在玩玩具时所表现出的偏好是与生俱来的，而不是后天习得的。答案a4according to the study, if given a stuffed dog, _.a. only the male monkeys showed interestb. the female monkeys showed more interestc. the male and female monkeys showed the same interestd. neither the male nor the female monkeys showed any interest解析细节理解题。从文章第二段最后一句可知，如果给一种中性的玩具，猴子表现出的兴趣没有性别差异。答案c5masculine toys are mainly intended for_.a. monkeysb. adultc. boys d. girls解析细节理解题。从文章第二段可知，这种玩具是跟女孩玩的玩具相对的，因此是指男孩玩具。答案cwhen steve maxwell graduated from college, he had an engineering degree and a hightech job but he couldnt balance his checkbook. “i took one finance class in college but dropped it to go on a ski trip，” says the 45yearold father of three, who lives in windsor, colorado. “i actually had to go to my bank and ask them to teach me how to read my statement.”one of the biggest obstacles to making money is not understanding it: thousands of us avoid investing because we just dont get it. but to make money, you must be financially literate. “it bothered me that i didnt understand this stuff，” says steve, “so i read books and magazines about money management and investing, and i asked every financial whiz (能手) i knew to explain things to me.”he and his wife started applying the lessons: they made a point to live below their means. they never bought on impulse, always negotiated better deals (on their cars，cable bills, furniture) and stayed in their home long after they went for an expensive vacation. they also put 20 percent of their annual salary into investments.within ten years, they were millionaires, and people were coming to steve for advice. “someone would say, i need to refinance my house what should i do? a lot of times，i wouldnt know the answer, but id go to find it and learn something in the process，” he says.in 2003, steve quit his job to become part owner of a company that holds personal finance seminars (研讨会) for employees of corporations like walmart. he also started going to real estate investment seminars, and its paid off: he now owns $ 30 million worth of investment properties, including apartment complexes, a shopping mall and a quarry.“i was an engineer who never thought this life was possible, but all it truly takes is a little selfeducation，” says steve. “you can do anything once you understand the basics.”语篇解读经过不断的学习，史蒂夫从不懂理财的工程师发展成为善于理财的百万富翁。1. when steve maxwell graduated from college, he_.a. couldnt balance his work and lifeb. made up his mind to become a millionairec. didnt know how to manage his moneyd. often went to banks to borrow money解析细节理解题。根据第一段的he couldnt balance his checkbook和i actually had to go to my bank and ask them to teach me how to read my statement可知，steve maxwell 刚毕业后不懂得如何理财。答案c2. the underlined part “live below their means” (in paragraph 3) probably means “_”a. take effective measuresb. live a miserable lifec. spend more money than they hadd. spend less money than they had解析词义猜测题。根据下文“他们从来不冲动地买东西，买东西时尽量获得低价，减少外出度假计划”等线索可以推断出，史蒂夫一家在尽量减少开支。 答案d3. since steve maxwell became a millionaire, he_.a. has been unwilling to help othersb. hasnt stopped learning from practicec. has been willing to follow others adviced. has stopped to invest in houses解析推理判断题。根据第四段的a lot of times，i wouldnt know the answer，but id go find it and learn something in the process可以看出，史蒂夫总是在教别人理财的过程中学到一些东西。 答案b4. what would be the best title for the passage?a. a selfmade engineerb. how to balance your checkbookc. dont avoid investingd. educate yourself to become a millionaire解析标题归纳题。史蒂夫从开始的根本不懂理财到最后成为百万富翁，靠的是不断的学习向别人讨教，从书本上学习，d项点出了他成功的秘诀。文章最后一段的selfeducation是关键词。答案d5. it can be inferred from the passage that_.a. selfeducation is very important to ones lifeb. everyone should learn how to invest in their lifec. steve maxwell was quite interested in finance classes in colleged. steve became rich because he saved every penny he had earned解析细节推断题。根据文章的最后一段可知，自主学习对每一个人的人生有重大的影响，故可知选a。文中提到了steve投资赚钱韵事情，但是无法推断出每个人都要学习如何投资；根据文章首段可知steve为了滑雪旅行放弃了财经课，可判断c不对；d项与原文不符合。lisa was running late. lisa, 25, had a lot to do at work, plus visitors on the way: her parents were coming in for thanksgiving from her hometown. but as she hurried down the subway stairs, she started to feel uncomfortably warm. by the time she got to the platform，lisa felt weak and tired maybe it hadnt been a good idea to give blood the night before, she thought. she rested herself against a post close to the tracks.several yards away, frank ,43, and his girlfriend, jennifer，found a spot close to where the front of the train would stop. they were deep in discussion about a house they were thinking of buying.but when he heard the scream, followed by someone yelling，“oh, my god, she fell in！”frank didnt hesitate. he jumped down to the tracks and ran some 40 feet toward the body lying on the rails. “no ! not you ! ”his girlfriend screamed after him.she was right to be alarmed. by the time frank reached lisa，he could feel the tracks shaking and see the light coming. the train was about 20 seconds from the station.it was hard to lift her. she was just out. but he managed to raise her the four feet to the platform so that bystanders could hold her by the arms and drag her away from the edge. that was where lisa briefly regained consciousness，felt herself being pulled along the ground，and saw someone else holding her purse.lisa thought shed been robbed. a woman held her hand and a man gave his shirt to help stop the blood pouring from her head. and she tried to talk but she couldnt，and that was when she realized how much pain she was in.police and fire officials soon arrived, and frank told the story to an officer. jennifer said her boyfriend was calm on their 40minute train ride downtownjust as he had been seconds after the rescue，which made her think about her reaction at the time. “i saw the train coming and i was thinking he was going to die，” she explained.语篇解读本文讲述了frank在地铁站，冒着被列车轧死的危险救助了因身体虚弱