重庆合川市高考英语一轮 阅读理解练习（6）.doc

重庆合川市2014高考英语阅读理解一轮练习（6）及答案 what is the nature of the scientific attitude, the attitude of the man or woman who studies and applies physics, biology, chemistry, geology, engineering, medicine or any other science? we all know that science plays an important role in our societies. however, many people believe that our progress depends on two different aspects of science. the first aspect is the application of the machines, products and systems of knowledge that scientists and technologists develop.the second is the application of the special methods of thought and actionthat scientists use in their work. what are these special methods of thinking and acting? first of all, it seems that a successful scientist is curious - he wants to find out how and why the universe works. he usually pays attention to problems which he notices have no satisfying explanation, andlooks for relationships even if the data available seem to be unconnected. moreover,he thinks he can improve the existing conditions and enjoys trying to solve the problems which this involves. he is a good observer, accurate, patient and objective(客观的) and uses the facts he observes to the fullest. for example, trained observers obtain a very large amount of information about a star mainly from the accurate analysis of the simple lines that appear in a spectrum(光谱). he does not accept statements which are not based on the most complete evidence available. he rejects authority as the only basis for truth. scientists always check statements and make experiments carefully and objectively. furthermore,he does not readily accept his own idea, since he knows that man is the least reliable of scientific instruments and that a number of factors tend to disturb objective investigation. lastly,he is full of imaginationsince he often has to look for relationships in data which are not only complex but also frequently incomplete. furthermore,he needs imaginationif he wants to guess how processes work and how events take place. these seem to be some of the ways in which a successful scientist or technologist thinks and acts.10. many people believe that science helps society to progress through_ a. knowledge only.b. more than one aspect. c. technology only. d. the use of machines. 11. which of the following statements about a curious scientist is true?a. he doesnt find confidence and pleasure in work.b. he is interested in problems that are explained.c. he makes efforts to investigate potential connections.d. he looks for new ways of acting. 12. according to the passage, a successful scientist would not_.a. easily believe in unchecked statements.b. easily criticize others research work. c. always use his imagination in work. d. always use evidence from observation. 13. which word can be used to describe the data that a good scientist uses?a. complete b. objective c. complicated d. accurate14. what does the passage mainly discuss? a. application of technology. b. progress in modem society. c. scientists ways of thinking and acting. d. how to become a successful scientist.10. b。从第二段中many people believe that our progress depends on two different aspects of science.可知科学在两个方面推动社会进步。11. c。d选项的意思是“他总是寻求行动的新方法”，文中没有提及。a应是find confidence and pleasure. d应是that are unexplained12. a。从文中可知，科学家不是很容易相信没有检验的结论，但是他不仅批判别人的工作，还批判自已的工作，工作时需要想象力，充分利用自已观察所得。13. c。倒数第二段中的 complex等于complicated，意思是“复杂的”。14. c。文中前两段简要介绍社会的进步依赖于科学的哪两个方面；后部分详细介绍第二个方面，即科学家的思考和行为方式。*结束after twenty years away from the stage, ms. hunter, the eighty-three-year-old singer, is a star once again, and she says, im the happiest woman in the world. at night ms. hunter is on stage, wearing very large round gold earrings, and singing the sad songs for the people who crowd into the theatre. ms. hunter, who has loved music all her life, began her lifes work when she was only eleven years old. she ran away from her home in memphis, because shed heard that singers in chicago were making ten dollars a week. even though she was young and tiny, she was able to get a job, and people began to recognize her great talent(天才). she travelled all over the world and became famous not only as a singer, but also as a songwriter. during all those years, ms. hunter was very close to her mother whom she brought from memphis to live and travel with her. but when her mother died in 1954, there was a sudden and total change in alberta hunters life. a few days after her mothers death, ms. hunter entered school and became a nurse. she gave up singing forever, she thought. for more than twenty-three years, she worked happily as a nurse at a new york hospital, where no one had any idea of her unusual past. nor did they have much idea of her age. when they finally insisted she retire, they believed she had reached seventy. i was eighty-two, ms. hunter says with a smile. she became terribly bored and told some of her old friends about it. one of them suggested that she should go back to singing. she did, and she has been busy ever since. 11. in which order did ms. hunter do the following things? she _ . a. became a singer and songwriter b. traveled all over the world c. sang in chicago d. entered school e. became a singer once again f. retired at the age of 82 g. became a nurse a. d, c, b, a, f, e, g b. b, c, a, d, g, e, f c. c, b, a, d, g, f, e d. e, c, b, a, d, g, f 12. why did ms. hunter come to chicago? because _ . a. she could make more money in chicago than in memphis b. she could get a job c. she could be a famous singer d. people there could recognize her great talent 13. after her mothers death she stopped _ . a. singing b. entering school c. working as a nurse d. to travel 14. why did the hospital want her to retire? because _ . a. she was in poor health b. they thought she was too old to work c. she didnt want to work d. she felt tired 15. after she retired from the hospital, she lived _ . a. an uninteresting life b. a difficult life c. a bitter life d. a happy life 参考答案 11-15 caaba *结束 (第*篇)the treadle pump is based on a design developed in the 1970s by norwegian engineer gunnar barnes. it can be made locally.the treadle pump is easy to build from bamboo or other wood and two metal cylinders (圆筒) with pistons (活塞). the pistons go up and down as a person stands on lever devices treadles and uses a natural walking motion.how many hours a day the pump needs to be operated depends on the season and how much water is needed for crops. it could be two hours a day. it could be seven hours a day.small children sometimes stand with their parents on the treadles. everyone in the family can take turns operating the pump.the acumen fund is a nonprofit group that invests in business projects to fight poverty. it studied the effects of treadle pumps in the indian state of uttar pradesh. uttar pradesh has three treadle pump manufacturers and more than seventythree thousand pumps.acumen reported that families using them ate more vegetables, because they were able to grow more to eat and to sell. many of these families also drank more milk, because they bought a cow with their added earnings. men with treadle pumps often no longer have to leave the farm to seek extra work in cities.the pump can also improve education. farmers often use their extra earnings to buy books for their children or to pay for schooling.a farmer in zambia said he hoped to have enough money in three years to buy a dieselpowered pump (柴油泵). then he could grow more crops over a larger area.but the world economic crisis has had an effect on some farmers. ide executive director zenia tata says some who were able to buy diesel pumps now do not have enough money to buy fuel. so they are using their treadle pumps again.语篇解读脚踏泵因其简单、易行、实用之特点，正在世界的广大贫困地区被推广，以帮助农民脱贫致富，且已取得了显著的效果。1the treadle pump _.a. is invented by an american engineerb. is mainly made of metalc. consists of two cylinders with pistonsd. consists of two cylinders with an engine解析事实细节题。根据第二段第一句可知答案为c。答案c2what does the author want to tell us about the treadle pump in the second paragraph?a. its history.b. its working principle.c. its structure.d. its usage and effects.解析作者意图题。a和d显然不对，c有一定干扰性，但其不能概括第二句，介绍工作原理时，一般要同时介绍其结构，故选b。答案b3it can be inferred from the passage that _.a. it is easy to learn how to operate the treadle pumpb. it is difficult to build a treadle pumpc. the treadle pump is used more in winter than in summerd. operating the treadle