人教版初一上册英语3-5单元.doc

Unit 3 How do you get to school?一、本单元知识点总结1.get to school 到校 2.take the subway 乘地铁3.take the train 坐火车 4.leave for 到地方去，离开去某地5.taketo把带到 6. most students 大多数学生7. fromto从到 8.think of 想到，想起9.ride bikes 骑自行车 10.in other parts of the world 在世界的其他地方11. how far 多远 (路程、距离) 12.how long多长（时间）13.take the train to school 乘火车去上学 14.in places 在一些地方15.go to school by boat乘船去上学 16.on the school bus乘坐校车17.be different from和不同 18.one 11-year old boy 一个十一岁大的男孩二、重点知识详解1.take +a/an/the+表示交通工具的名词，乘去某地，是动词短语，在句中作谓语。He takes the train. take the subway乘地铁 take a walk散步 take a shower洗个澡take a rest休息一会 take a seat 坐下 take some medicine 吃药2.by+表示交通工具的单数名词或on/in+ a/an/the/ones+表示交通工具的单数名词，是介词短语作方式状语。I get to school by bike. = I get to school on my bike.3.walk/ride/drive/fly+to+地点名词，步行/骑自行车/开车/坐飞机去某地表示乘交通工具方式可以互换表达相同的意义:Take the bus to school=go to school by bus=go to school on a busDrive a car to work=go to work by car=go to work in a car Fly to shanghai=go to shanghai by plane/air=take the/a plane to shanghai=go to shanghai on a/an/the plane.4.get表示“到达”，后接名词需加to，接地点副词不加to. reach 给示到达，是及物动词，其后直接接宾语。 arrive in+大地点 arrive at +小地点 后接副词不需介词。5.It takes sb some money/time to do sth.花费某人多少时间/钱做某事 Sb pay some money for sth 某人为某物花费多少钱 Sb spend some time/money on sth 某人在做某事或某物上花费时间/钱 Sb spend some time/ money (in)doing sth Sth cost sb some money 某物花费某人多少钱6. How far is it from A to B? = How far is B from A?答语有两种：（1） Itsmeters/miles/kilometers(away)有米/英里/千米（远）（2） It s about ten minutes walk/ ride. 大约有十分钟步行/骑车的路程。7、 have to 后加动词原形，侧重客观的需要，有“不得不，被迫”之意，有多种时态形式， 否定式为dont have to(neednt)意为“不必”。Must 侧重于说话者的主观看法，认为有必要或有义务做某事，只有现在时一种形式,否定式mustt意为“一定不要，不允许，禁止”反意词为“neednt”。8.感谢用语：Thank you very much , Thanks a lot , Many thanks.回答感谢用语的句子：Thats ok /all right. 不用谢。You are welcome 不客气。 It is my pleasure./My pleasure./It is a pleasure.不客气、那是我的荣幸。/Dont mention it。别在意。 It was nothing at all.那没什么。三、语法归纳（一）how 引导的特殊疑问句1.how 引导的特殊疑问句提问交通方式，其答语分三种情况：a. take a/an/the+交通工具（单数）b. by+交通工具（单数）c. on/in+限定词+交通工具2. how far 用来提问距离，多远，其答语分为两种：（1）用长度单位表示：It is five kilometers.（2）用时间表示：Its twenty minutes walk. 3.how long 用来提问时间，意为多久回答常用“for+段时”。-How long have you learnt English?-For 3 years.how soon 用来提问做完某事还需要多长时间，常用于将来时态时， 常用“in+时间段”来回答。How soon will you arrive in Beijing?-In 3 hours.即学即练：1) He often much time playing computer games. 2) It usually her two hours to do her homework. 3) How much did the new cell phone you? 4) Allan 380 yuan for the e-dictionary.练习一、 单项选择( )1.The island is the biggest one _ islands. Aamong hundred of Bamong three hundred Cbetween hundreds of Dbetween three hundreds( )2._ takes the old man a long time _ the door of his own. AIt; to open BIt; opening CThat; to open DThat; opens( )3. How does it take? It takes about 10 minutes .A. long, walkB. long, to walkC. far, walking( )4. The weather in Beijing is that in Changsha.A. far fromB. same as C. different from( )5. do you the transportation in your town?A. What, think B. How, think of C. What, think of( )6. -Can you tell me it is from here to downtown? -Yes, its fifteen minutes by bus.A. how muchB. how long C. how far( )7. Susans parents have bought a large house with a swimming pool. It be very expensive. A. must B. can C. cant( )8.-The sandwich is delicious. -Would you like one? A. other B. others C. another( )9. He to clean the classroom.A. needntB. dont needC. doesnt need( )10. books are missing in the library. We must ask the police for help. A. Much B. A number of C. The number of二、用among或between填空 1.In the word “map”， letter “a” stands _ letter “m”and letter “p”. 2. Look! There is a man standing _ the students.He is our teacher. 三、.根据汉语提示完成句子 1. He has _ _(两百本) storybooks at home. 2. _ _(成百上千的) people are relaxing on the square on hot summer nights. 四、同义句转换 1. The girl is five years old. She is a _ girl. 2. He spends half an hour watching TV every night. _ _him thirty minutes _ _TV every night.五、完形填空 Some day little cars may take the place of todays cars. If everyone_1_such a little car in the future, there will be less pollution in the air and there will be more parking space in cities, and the streets will be_2_crowded.The space now for one car of the usual size can hold_3_one such little car. The little cars will_4_much less to own and to drive.Driving will be_5_， too, because these little cars can go only 50 kilometers an hour.The cars of the future will be fine for going _6_the city, but they will not be useful for going far away. The little car needs only two batteries(电池)one battery for the motor, and _7_for the horn and the lights. If we still _8_ the big cars along with the small ones, we will need to _9_ two kinds of roads. Some roads will be used _10_ the big fast cars, and other roads will be needed for the small, slower ones.( )1.A.drives Bsits Cmakes Dsells( )2.A.more Bless Cmuch Dfewer( )3.A.at most Bno more Cless than Dmore than( )4.A.pay BSpend Ccost Dhave( )5.A.faster Bharder Csafer Dmore dangerous( )6.A.over BAround Cfrom Dpast( )7.A.another BOne Cthe other Dothers( )8.A.think Buse Cpark Dlove( )9.A.build Bput Cfind Dopen( )10.A.to Bas Cfor DinUnit 4 Dont eat in class1、 词汇1.listen to music听音乐 2.listen to me 听我说/讲 3. eat in class上课时吃东西4.bring .to .把.带到.来 5.make the bed整理床铺 6.think about.思考. 7.follow the rules遵守规则 8.have fun doing玩的开心 9.keep my hair short 留短发 10.do the dishes洗碗碟 11.go out 出去 12.arrive late for class上课迟到 13.be late for class上课迟到 14.be on time 准时 15.be/keep quiet保持安静16.be strict with sb.对某人要求严格 17.have to do sth.必须做某事 18.learn to play the piano 学弹钢琴 19.learn to do sth 学习做某事 20.help mum make /to make breakfast 帮妈妈做早饭 21.help sb. do/to do sth 帮某人做某事 help sb with sth 26.a lot of rules 多规则 27.too many rules 太多规则 28.more rules 更多的规则 29.good luck (to) (祝.)好运 30.on school nights 在晚上（周一到周五晚） 31.on school days在上学日（周一到周五） 语法点：1. else / other 别的，其他的 else修饰疑问词或不定代词，位于其后。Other修饰名词，位于其前。 What else do you have to do? 你们还必须做什么事？ I have something else to tell you.我还有别的事情要告诉你。 Where are the other boys? 其他的男孩在哪儿？2. practice doing sth 练习做某事3. too much / too many / much tootoo much“太多”，修饰不可数名词。 too much water太多水 too many“太多”，修饰可数名词复数。 too many children太多孩子 much too“太”，修饰形容词或副词。 much too small太小4.have to / must 1)have to“必须，不得不”，表示客观需要，即受客观条件限制不得不或必须去做某事。2)must表示说话人的主观看法。 3)must只用于现在时，在表示过去、将来和完成时，用have to 的相应形式来代替must. My mother is ill, I have to look after my sister at home. 我妈妈病了，我必须在家照看我妹妹。5.肯定的祈使句：(1) 实义动词原形+其他； (2) be动词原形+形容词+其他； (3) Let sb do sth. 否定的祈使句：(1) Dont+实义动词+原形； (2) Dont be+形容词+其他；(3) Dont let sb do sth (4) No+Ving.练：(1) My mother said to me, “Tom, _ in bed.”A. not read B. doesnt read C. dont read D. didnt read (2) Dont _ (fight). = No _ (fight).6. 不要迟到：Dont arrive late. = Dont be late. (arrive = be)上课/上学不要迟到：Dont arrive (be) late for class/school.7. 主语省略（无主语）：Dont arrive late for class.主语不省略（有主语）：We cant arrive ;ate for class.8. 在学校我们必须穿校服：We have to wear uniforms at school.句型：不得不/必须做某事：have to do sth否定：不必做某事：dont have to do sth穿校服：单数：wear a uniform 复数：wear uniforms练：(1) I cant stop smoking, doctor. For your health, Im afraid you _.A. can B. may C. must D. have to9. 在我家里有太多的规矩：I have too many rules in my house.词组：太多：too many10. 我从来没有任何快乐：I never have any fun.(never译为“从来没有”，表示否定，否定句中表示“任何，一些”，用any)11. 不要大声说话：Dont talk loudly.请大声说：Speak loudly, please.12. 他擅长于唱歌：He is good at singing.句型：擅长于做某事：be good at doing sth13. 表示“地点”的词组：(1) 在教室里：in the classroom 在课堂上：in class(2) 在走廊上：in the hallways 在学校里：at school = in school14. 表示“时间”的词组：(1) 下课后：after class 放学后：after school(2) 在上学的白天/晚上：on school days/nights 比较：at night(3) 到晚上10点钟之前：by 10 oclock p.m.15. (1) with 和； 如：He lives in Beijing with my parents. (不能用and)(2) with 戴着； 如：Do you know the fat man with a hat? (不能用wears)(3) with 有着； 如：Its an old house with a beautiful garden. (不能用has)练习1、 单项选择( )1. Can I go to the park, Mum? Certainly. But you _be back before six oclock. A. can B. may C. might D. Must( )2. -Must I finish the work today, Mom? -N o, you _. You can finish it tomorrow. A. mustnt B. cant C. shouldnt D. neednt( )3.Dont forget to _“Thank you” when someone has helped you. A. speak B. tell C. say D. talk( )4. Keep quiet, kids. Dad _in the next room.(2007绍兴市中考题) A. slept B. sleeps C. is sleeping D. had slept( )5. There is _milk on the floor. A . too many B. too much C. much too D. many too( )6. There are _rules in my family. A. too many B. too much C. much too D. many too( )7. He often _English with the foreign teachers. A. practice speak B. practices speak C. practice speaking D. practices speaking( )8. Dont _bed _9 oclock. A. go, at B. in, by C. be in, by D. go in, at ( )9、My mom _carefully, but she _ nothing. A. listened, listened B. heard, heard C. listened, heard D. heard, listened( )10、_ in the school library. A. No talk B. Not talking C. No talking D. Not talk ( )11、He arrives _ here _ a cold night. A. /;at B. at; at C. /;on D. in;on二、完成句子1) 我们不能在教室里练习吉他。 We cant _ _ the guitar in the classroom.2) 你必须在11点上床睡觉吗？ Do you have to _ _ _ _ 11:00?3) 我从来没有任何乐趣。 I _ have _ fun.4) 你认为那条规定怎么样？ _ do you _ _ that rules?5) 图书室里不许大声讲话。 No _ _ in the library.三. 根据所给单词，填入一个正确的单词形式。1. Yao Ming practices _(play) basketball every day.2. _(not) talk. It s time for class.3. My sister _(have) to look after my mother at home today.4. I have to go to the supermarket _(late).5.We often go to the _(child) palace after school.四.用wear，put on 或 dress 填空 1. He _his coat and goes out. 2. She is_a red skirt today. 3. The little child can_himself now. 五.用too many, too much 或 much too 填空 1. There are _people and _ traffic in the street. Its _crowded. 2. Watching TV _is bad for our health. 六.用 too, also 或 either 填空 1. He speaks English. He can _ speak Chinese. 2. I like Mount Tai. He likes it, _. 3. She isnt late. I am not late, _.Unit5 Why do you like pandas?1. 让我们先去看考拉。- Lets see the koalas first. (first翻译为“首先”)你为什么最喜欢考拉？- Why do you like koalas best? (best翻译为“最”)-因为它们很可爱。- Because they are very cute.句型：让某人做某事：let sb do sth2. 你为什么不喜欢老虎？- Why dont you like tigers?-因为它们有点吓人。- Because they are kind of scary. 在此处，表示“不”，只要在do后加not即可。 有点：kind of+形容词 = a little+形容词3. 你还喜欢别的什么动物？ What other animals do you like? (后有animals, other不加s)你喜欢和别的年轻人工作吗？ Do you like to work with other young people?This isnt my sweater. Its _ (you).Are all these children _ (you)?4. 他是一个8岁的男孩：He is an 8-year-old boy.(后有名词boy, 用连字符，year用原形)他8岁：He is 8 years old. (后无名词boy, 不用连字符，岁数大于1，year变复数)5. 请保持安静：Please be quiet. = Please keep quiet. (keep译为“保持”，= be)6.他每天通常睡和放松20个小时：He usually sleeps and relaxes 20 hours every day.每天：every day (要分开) 连在一起的 everyday翻译为“日常的”，是个形容词。7. 和某人玩：play with sb (倒翻)8. 在白天：during the day = in the day 在此处，during = in9. 在晚上：at night = in the evening 在上学的晚上/白天：on school nights/days10. 吃草：eat grass 吃叶子：eat leaves (leaf的复数形式) 吃肉：eat meat11. 相似单词比较：(1)草：grass (不可数，无复数) (2) 玻璃：glass 复数：glasses 眼镜12. 汉语：因为，所以 英语：because, so (不能同时出现在一个句子中)汉语：虽然，但是 英语：though, but (只能使用其中一个)如：_ Tom is tired, _ he wants to have a food rest.A. Because, so B. Though, but C. /, so D. /, but13. (1) first num. 第一； 如：Sunday is the first day of a week.(2) first adv. 首先；首先：at first 如：Lets see the koalas first.14. (1) best adv. 最； 如：Why do you like koalas best?(2) best adj. 最好的； 如：Who do you think is the best teacher in your class?15. (1) very adv. 非常（放在形容词前）； 如：The koalas are very cute.(2) very much 非常（放在动词后）； 如：Thank you very much.16. (1) kind(s) of n. 种类； 如：There are many kinds of anmals in the zoo.What kind of noodles would you like?(2) kind of = a little adv. 有点；（无形式变化） 如：He is kind of lazy.(3) kind adj. 和蔼的，友善的； 如：Its kind of you to help me with my English.17. 树叶：leaf 复数：leaves 变化规则：去f加ves;18. 小偷：thief 复数：thieves 变化规则：去f加ves. 练习一. 单项选择( )1. _ these tigers _ from? A. Where, are B. Where, come C. Where are, /( )2. I like koalas because they are _ friendly. A. a kind of B. kind of C. kinds of ( )3. Does this lion _ from Africa or America? A. be B. is C. come D. go ( )4. -What _ do you like ? - I like penguins. A. sports B. subjects C. music D.animals( )5.Dont forget _ the paper _ Mr. Smith this afternoon. Of course, I wont. Ato give; to Bgiving; to Cto give; for Dgiving; for( )6.There is a big bridge made _ stones across the river. Its very useful. People use it to cross the river to the town. Afrom BInto Con Dof二、连词成句：1）. lions, the, let, first, see, us_.2）. pandas, why, want, see, to, do, the, you_?3）. they, are, ugly, because_.4）. South Africa, lions, from, are, those_.三.用of 或 from 填空 1. The paper is made _bamboo. 2. The is made _wood. 四完成下列句子：(1) we like penguins because theyre cute (划线提问) _ _ you like penguins?(2) Pandas are from China. (同上) _are pandas _?( 3) Giraffe are from Africa(改为同义句) Giraffe _ _ from Africa。( 4) The story is very interesting.(一般疑问句) _the story interesting?五. 完形填空 Do you know pigeons (鸽子)? They are a _1_ bird. They are in_2_and grey. Some people say they are not _3_，but they are cute and_4_. Many people keep them as pets (宠物)_5_do people say pigeons are clever? Because pigeons can_6_letters from one place to another. And they know the_7_home. We often_8_ the picture of a pigeon with an olive branch (橄榄枝) in_9_ mouth. So we give it the _10_peace pigeon (和平鸽)It is the symbol of peace.( )1.A. kind of B. kinds C