高考阅读理解高频词汇101-200详解.doc

101. organ n. 器官,风琴 我要感谢我身体上的每一个organ 我喜欢演奏organ（ I like to play the organ)102. excess n. 过分,过量,过剩 An excess of enthusiasm,anger,emotion过分热情，过分恼火，过分激动 He drinks to excess.他饮酒过量 Dont carry your anger to excess.不要使自己过度愤怒 Luggage in excess of 100kg will be charged extra.超过100公斤的行李将另行收费103. expel v. 驱逐,开除,赶出 （英文解释：force sb to leave somewhere) expel sb from .104. expend v. 花费，使用（英文解释：spend,use time/money in doing sth） expend time/effort/money on a project花费时间/努力/金钱在一个项目上 用光，耗尽（=use up）expend all ones stores/fuel耗尽自己全部的储备、燃料105. expenditure n. 支出,花费，使用；经费 The expenditure of money/energy on a project在一个项目上花费的金钱/精力 Expenditure开支-budget预算106. expense n. 开销,费用 Expense做指定的事或指定用途的费用travelling 旅费107. expensive a. 花钱多的；价格高贵的 108. expand v. 扩大,扩张；展开,膨胀（使增大，使扩大） Metals expand when they are heated.金属遇热会膨胀 The ranks of the teachers are constantly expanding.教师队伍日益扩大了。 The eagle expanded its wings.雄鹰展翅。 The petals of many flowers expand in the sunshine.许多花瓣在阳光下绽放。109. expansion n.扩大、膨胀（的动作），被扩大、扩张, 扩展、膨胀（的状态） Heat causes the expansion of gases.热使气体膨胀。 The expansion of the school system学校体制的扩充110. private a. 私人的,个人的private 意为“个人的，私有的”，表示与公共的或公有的相反，也含有明确的隐私，不愿或不应公之于众的意思。 Private conversation私人谈话111. personal a. 个人的,私人的；亲自的意为“个人的，私人的，亲自的”，着重强调属于或涉及本人，而非他人所能代表或代替的事物。 I have something personal to discuss with 我有点私事和你商量， personal affairs个人事务112. individual a. 个别的,单独的 n. 个人,个体individual 意为“个体的，个人的”，区别于集体，整体或普通，明确指某类单一的，个别的人物，常用作定语 Each individual house has its own yard.每栋房子都有各自的庭院。 The purpose of the law is to protect the right of the individual.该法律目的是为了保护个人权利。113. personnel n. 总称人员,员工；人事部门 The personnel are not happy to change these rules.全体工作人员对改变这些规定很不高兴。 Personnel hashave lost my tax forms.人事部门把我的税收表格给弄丢了。114. the Pacific Ocean 太平洋 115. the Atlantic Ocean 大西洋 116. the Arctic Ocean 北冰洋 117. the Antarctic Ocean 南冰洋 118. grant vt. 同意, 准予(英文解释：agree to give or allow) 授予(英文解释：give sth formally or legally)119. grand a. 宏伟的,壮丽的；高贵的，傲慢的，显赫的；极好的，痛快的，愉快的 房子/场面/队伍等grand 神态/样子/举止等grand We had a grand weather for our trip.我们旅游时的天气好极了。120. invade v. 侵入,侵略,侵袭 He ordered the army to invade at dawn.他命令军队在拂晓入侵。 The disease invades their bodies.疾病侵袭了他们的身体。 The school invaded our private rights.学校侵犯了我们的权利。 invasion武装入侵, 侵略, 侵犯, 侵入, 闯入 121. acid n. 酸,酸性物质 a. 酸的；尖刻的 Lemons taste acid.柠檬吃起来有些酸。 A lemon is an acid fruit柠檬是带酸味的水果 Everyone doesnt like to hear the acid remarks.没有人喜欢听那尖酸刻薄的话。122. acknowledge v. 承认；致谢 acknowledge ones defeat承认失败 It is universally acknowledged that. .是大家所公认的 I acknowledge your help.123. balcony n. 阳台 124. calculate vt. 计算,核算 calculation n.计算，核算calculator n.计算器 calculus微积分125. calendar n. 日历,月历 Solar calendar 阳历 Lunar calendar阴历126. optimistic a. 乐观的 He is an optimistic young fellow.他是位乐观的年轻人。 She is not optimistic about the outcome.她对结果并不乐观。 pessimistic adj.悲观的; 悲观主义的 There is no reason to be pessimistic about the future.没有理由对未来悲观。 optimist乐观主义者-pessimist悲观主义者 optimism乐观, 乐观主义-pessimism悲观主义127. optional a. 可以任选的,非强制的 optional subjects at school选修课 The goods are optional, but only one这些物品是可以任选的, 但只能选一个。 alternative两者择一的; 选择的余地, 可供选择的机会 Have you got an alternative suggestion?你又没有另外一项建议？ Im afraid I have no alternative but to .恐怕除了.以外, 我是别无选择了。 compulsory必须做的, 强制性的 Is English a compulsory subject?英语是必修课吗? Attendance at the meeting is compulsory.会议是必须参加的。128. outstanding a. 杰出的,突出的,显著的=excellent，exceptionally good 129. export n. 出口（物） v. 出口,输出 130. import n. 进口（物） v. 进口,输入 131. impose vt. Impose sth on sb/sth 把.强加于 Impose ones rule on a people把个人的统治强加于一个名族 She imposed her ideas on the group她把她的思想强加于小组（他试图让小组接受他的意见） Impose on/upon sb/sth采用,利用,占便宜 I hope its not imposing on you,but could I stay to dinner?我希望这不是占你的便宜，不过我能留下来吃饭吗？ I hope its not imposing on your hospitality,but could I stay to dinner?我希望这不是利用你的好客，不过我能留下来吃饭吗？132. religion n. 宗教,宗教信仰 Football is like a religion for Bill.对Bill来说，足球就像是他的命根子 belief相信，信仰，信念 I havent much belief in his honesty我不大相信他的诚实 He has great belief in his doctor.他非常相信他的医生 Its my belief that.我的信念是.He acted in accordance with his beliefs.他按自己的信念行事133. religious a. 宗教的，虔诚的 Thats a religious question.那是个宗教问题。 He is very religious.他很虔诚。134. victim n. 牺牲品,受害者 famine饥荒135. video n. 电视,视频 a. 电视的,录像的 136. videotape n. 录像磁带 v. 把.录在录像带上 viewer观众；电视观众137. offend v. 冒犯,触犯 I think I never offend you.我想我从没有offend你。 The driver offended against the traffic regulations.这个司机违反了交通规则。138. bother v. 打搅,麻烦 Sorry to bother you!很抱歉打扰你了！-No bother。没事 bother 通常用于你和对方之间，比如你去见上级请示，sorry to bother you disturb 常用于因为你的到来，打扰了另外两人或多人的谈话或者协同做事Dont disturb him.别打扰他。 trouble 用的比较随便，常表示由于你的因素给别人造成了麻烦The trouble is that he doesnt have enough money.麻烦在于他缺钱。 intervene 是干涉阻碍的意思，口气较为强烈，且通常用于书面语，它不是打扰的意思I will come if nothing intervenes.若没有别的事, 我一定来。 annoy常常用分词形式修饰讨厌的人，如 she is annoying since she keeps talking a lot. interrupt与disturb的用法相似，有个细微的区别是你加入到了被打扰方相似的谈话或者事情Children must learn not to interrupt.儿童应学会不要打断别人的讲话。Youd better not interrupt him. He is sleeping.你最好别打扰他, 他在睡觉。139. interfere v. 干涉,干扰,妨碍 Dont interfere in my personal affairs不要干预我的个人事务 It is unwise to interfere between husband and wife.干预夫妻之间的事是不明智的 Dont interfere with the clock。别乱动这个钟表 You interfered with my plan你妨碍了我的计划 Dont interfere with him while hes working.他工作时别打扰他140. beforehand ad. 预先,事先（英文解释：in advance, in readiness, earlier) Please inform me of your arrival time beforehand.请事先通知我你抵达的时间。141.racial a. 人种的,种族的 race人种, 种族142. radiation n. 放射物,辐射 Mobile produces harmful radiations.手机会产生有害的辐射物143.radical a.根本的，彻底的；激进的 He made a radical change in the plan.他对计划做了彻底的修改 His opinions are very radical.他的观点很激进。 She is radical in her demands.她的要求十分偏激144. range n. 幅度,范围 v. （在某范围内）变动 145. wonder n. 惊奇,奇迹 v. 想知道,对.感到疑惑 世界的wonder(奇迹），现代医学的wonder（奇迹） Its a wonder that.奇怪的是.令人惊奇的是. No wonder you were late.难怪你迟到了 I wonder none of you were hurt.我纳闷怎么你们谁也没受伤。 I wonder how you came to miss your way.我想知道你是怎样迷路的。146. isolate vt. ,使孤立；使隔离 Do not isolate yourself from others.不要把自己孤立起来。 A chemist can isolate the oxygen from the hydrogen in water.化学家可以把水中的氢和氧分离开来。147. issue n. (特别重要或大众关注的)问题；议题；争议，争端，争论点 There was no issue at all between us.我们之间毫无争议。 发出, 发行 bought the book the day after its issue.这书出版后的第一天, 我就去买了它。 （报刊）一期 the July issue七月号148. hollow a. 空的,中空的；虚伪的，无真正价值的 Bamboo is a sort of hollow plant.竹子是一种中空的植物。 A hollow promise虚假的诺言 你的话听起来是hollow（虚伪的，不真实的）149. hook n. 钩 vt. 钩住 Hang your coat on the hook.把你的外衣挂在钩上。 Hook the window when you come in.你进来时把窗户扣好。 He hooked a large fish.他钓了一条大鱼。150. adequate a. 足够的；让人满意的, 尚可的，适当的 The supply is not adequate to the demand.供不应求。 I hope you will prove adequate to the job.我希望你证明能胜位这项工作。151. adhere vi. 粘着, 胶着，附着或粘附于. (to)；遵守,坚持 (to) Make one surface adhere to another使一个面粘于另一个面 adhere to the original plan坚持原来的计划152. ban vt. 取缔,禁止 The play was banned by the censor.这个戏被审查官禁演了 He was banned from (attending) the meeting他被禁止出席这个会议153. capture vt. 俘虏,捕获 We captured the criminal.我们捕获了那个犯人。 He captured her heart.他博得了她的欢心154.valid a. 有效的,有根据的；正当的 This railway ticket is valid for three days.这张火车票的有效期是三天。 His excuse was not valid.他的借口靠不住的。155. valley n. 山谷,峡谷 156. consistent a.一贯的, 始终如一的； 和.一致的，符合的（with） She is a consistent girl in her feeling.在感情方面她是个始终如一的女孩 What you say is not consistent with what you do.你言行不一。157. continuous a. 连续的,连续（不断）的 The brain needs a continuous supply of blood.大脑需要不断供给血液。 We must be continuous to study.我们必须不断学习。158. continual a. 多次重复的,频频的 He still smokes despite the continual warnings of his doctor.尽管他的医生多次警告,他还是抽烟。 continuous和continual的区别： (1)搭配区别： continuous做表语和定语 be continious或continious+名词 continual只做定语 continual+名词 (2)词意的不同：continuous，continual，continuing continual:反复，不停止(happen repeatedly) continual knocks on the door反复的敲门声 continous:连续性的=unbroken(lack of interruption) a continuous line一条不间断的线 continuous pain/headache持续的痛/头痛 continuing的含义是继续，没有反复的含义例如：continuing education持续教育/继续教育 还有continuing development (sustainable development) 159. explode v. 爆炸；（指感情）爆发；激增，迅速扩大 The bomb exploded.炸弹爆炸了 At last his laughter exploded.他最后哄然大笑起来。 The population was still exploding.人口仍在迅猛增长。 explosion 爆炸；爆发；激增 explosive a. 爆炸的；极易引起争论的 A gas pipe was explosive.一个煤气管爆炸了。 Race relations are an explosive issue.种族关系是一个极易引起争论的问题。160. exploit v. 开采； 剥削，利用（为自己谋利） Many countries exploit oil under the sea.许多国家在海底开采石油。161. explore v. 勘探 They were exploring the Amazon jungle.他们正对亚马逊丛林进行勘察。 explorer探险家;勘探者162. remote a.偏僻的；(时间上)遥远的；(亲属关系上)远的 A remote region,village,farmhouse偏僻的地区、村庄、农舍 The thing happened in the remote past.这件事发生在遥远的过去。 A remote ancestor of mine我的一个远祖（曾祖父或曾祖母）163.remove v. 移走，拿开; 开除，免职；迁移; 移居 Remove the dishes from the table把碗碟从桌上拿走 Remove your hand from my shoulder把你的手从我的肩膀上挪开 They removed him from his position.他们撤销了他的职务。 （=take off脱掉衣服、帽子等） We are removing from London to the country.我们正从伦敦迁到乡下 removal n. 除去,移动，免职，搬家164. render vt. 报答; 归还; 给予（英文解释：give sth in return or exchange) render good for evil以德报怨 render insult for insult以牙还牙（原意是由于侮辱给予侮辱） 使得,致使 （英文解释：cause sb/sth to be in a certain condition)Your action has rendered our contract invalid.你的行为是我们的合同作废了165. caution小心谨慎；警告，提醒 vt.警告, 提醒, 劝小心The policeman cautioned that driver.警察对那个司机给予警告。 precaution n. 预防措施 I took the precaution of locking money in the safe.我把所有的钱都锁在保险箱里以防万一。166. idle a. 懒散的,无所事事的 v.虚度, 闲逛，不做事，游手好闲 有些人整天idle（some people are idle all day long） Stop idling and help me clean up.别再闲着了，帮我搞搞卫生 Dont idle away hours watching TV.别把时间浪费在看电视上 167. identify vt. 识别，认出 I cannot identify the signature.我无法辨别这个签名。 She identified her son among a lot of children.她在许多孩子中认出了自己的孩子。 One cannot identify happiness with wealth人不能把幸福和财富等同起来168.identity n. 身份；个性,特性 There is no clue to the identity to the thief没有线索查明窃贼的身份 Identity card身份证169. poverty n. 贫穷 They lived in poverty.他们生活在贫困之中。170. resistant a. (to)抵抗的,抗.的,耐.的 与名词构成复合形容词water-，heat-，rust-防水的，防热的，防锈的 be resistant to change抗变171. resolve v.决定; 决心(英文解释：decide firmly,determine) on/upon/against sth/doing sth She resolved on/against going.她决定去/不去。 She resolved never to see him again.她决心不再见他。 resolution决心, 决定；坚决 Hes always making good resolutions but he never carries them out.他决心经常下得很大, 但从不实行。 New Year resolutions新年的决心 show great resolution表示极大的决心 a man of great resolution极其果断的人172. barrel n. 桶 173. bargain n. 便宜货 vi. 讨价还价 Youve got a bargain你买到便宜货了 In some shops you have to bargain.在一些商店中买东西要讲价。174. coarse a. 粗的,粗糙的,粗劣的 coarse meal; coarse sand; a coarse weave. 粗食；粗糙的沙子；粗糙的编织。 Dont use coarse words before a lady. 在妇女前不要讲粗鲁的话 coarse manners粗鲁的态度举止175.coach n. 教练；长途公共汽车 （大巴车） minibus中巴176. code n. 道德准则；法规；密码，代码 A code of behavior行为规范 The highway code公路法规 Post-code 邮政编码 177. coil n.(一)卷, (一)圈，线圈 v. 卷,盘绕 a coil of hair 一卷头发 The snake coiled itself round the branch.蛇把身体盘绕在树枝上。178. adult n. 成年人 babychildrenteenageradult middle-aged personthe elderly teenageryouth(young person)adolescent middle-aged peoplethe elderlywrinkly179. advertise v. 为.做广告 They advertised their goods.他们为他们的商品做广告。 advertisement n. 广告 (简称AD)180. focus v. （使）聚集 n. 焦点,中心,聚焦 Please focus your energy on your studies and not on your hobbies集中精力到学习上而不是业余爱好上 the focus of worlds attention世界注意的中心 In tonights program our focus is on German今晚的节目我们的重点是德语181. forbid vt. 不许,禁止 The doctor forbids him smoking and drinking.医生禁止他抽烟、喝酒。182. debate n./v. 辩论,争论 *argue,debate,discuss,dispute,quarrel都含有一定的争论之意* argue 指一方坚持自己的意见,立场和观点,通过争论企图说服对方(argue with sb. about/over sth.)。 debate 多指公开,正式场合进行的辩论或严肃的争论,双方各自陈述理由,交锋往返的意味较强。 discuss 指为了解决问题或弄清对方的观点而进行的讨论,磋商。 dispute 指持续,激烈的争论,语气较强,有”相持不下,未得解决”的意思(in dispute在争论中)。 quarrel 争吵,争论,含与人发生口角的意思。1.I _ with my flat-mate about who should do the housework.A.discussed B.debated C.argued D.quarreledD我和我同住一个单元的人关于谁应做家务吵了一架.(quarrel with sb. about sth.与某人发生口角)2.What we are _ about is not survival but the quality of life.A.disputing B.deducing C.discussing D.debatingA我们所争论的不是生存问题而是生活质量问题.3.They are _over foreign policy.A.disputing B.discussing C.arguing D.debatingC他们正就外交政策进行辩论. (argue with sb. about/over sth.)4.They hold a fierce _ as to whether their company should restore the trade relationship which was broken years ago.A.debate B.clash C.disagreement D.contestA他们就公司是否应当恢复几年前中断了的贸易关系进行了一场激烈的争论.5.What he said just now had little to do with the question under _.A.debate B.discussion C.dispution D.arguementB他刚才所见讲的与讨论的问题关系不大.(under discussion在讨论中)。6.The case was fully _ before agreement was reached.A.quarreled B.argued C.debated D.contestedB这案件在达成一致意见前进行了充分争论.183. debt n. 债, 债务, 欠他人的东西 If I pay all my debts Ill have no money left.若还清所有欠债我就分文不剩了。184. decade n. 十年, 十年间，十年期（尤指一个年代） Prices have risen steadily during the past decade.过去的十年间, 物价一直在上涨。185. enclose vt. 围住；把.装入信封 The wall encloses the hospital.围墙将那所医院围在里面。 He enclosed a cheque for 500 dollars.他附寄了一张500美元的支票。186. encounter vt./n. 遭遇,遭到（令人不快的人或事，危险，困难） I encountered many difficulties when I first starting this job.我刚干这一工作时，遇到了很多困难 We encountered four enemy aircraft.我们与四架敌机遭遇了187. globe n. 地球,世界；地球仪 There is plenty of water on the face of the globe.地球表面有大量的水。 The sun is an immense globe.太阳是一个巨大的球体。 We use a globe in our geography class.我们在地理课上使用地球仪。 global a. 全球的；整体的, 总括的, 全面的 A global environmental meeting is going to be held here.一个全球环境会议将在这里举行。 the global output of a factory一个工厂的总产量188. scan vt. 细看；扫描；浏览 She scanned his face to see if he was telling the truth.她审视着他的脸, 看他讲的是否是真话。 I scanned the newspaper for the information I needed.我浏览报纸寻找自己需要的信息。189. scandal n. 公愤;，反感；丑事,丑闻；流言蜚语; 闲话; 诽谤 你引起是scandal了（公愤）（You cause a scandal) 这桩scandal会影响你的前途 I heard a bit of scandal about your friend.我听到一点儿关于你朋友的流言。190. subsequent a. 随后的,后来的(英文解释：following，later) The day subsequent to your visit he died.你探望后的第二天, 他便去世了。 His illness was subsequent to his wifes death.他在妻子死后就病倒了。 subsequent events proved me wrong.接着发生的事证明我错了 subsequently adv.后来，接着（英文解释：afterwards） I subsequently heard he had left the country.我后来听说他已离开了这个国家191. virtue n. 美德,优点 忍耐是一种virtue（美德） Among her many virtues are loyalty, courage, and truthfulness.她有许多的美德, 如忠诚、勇敢和诚实。 The chair has the virtue of being adjustable.这椅子具有可调节的优点。 virtual a. 实质上的, 事实上的, 实际上的(但未公开或在名义上为人接受 我们的副经理是业务上的virtual负责人（Our deputy manager is the virtual head of the business.） This is a virtual certainty.这是一件已肯定的事。 This reply is a virtual acceptance of our offer.这一回答实质上是接受了我们的建议。 192. orient vt. (to,