2011年中考及大纲单词说明.doc

英 语（一）考试能力要求侧重考查学生的语言技能、语言知识、跨文化交际意识和跨文化交际能力。这些能力具体体现在听、说、读、写四种语言技能以及灵活运用词汇知识和语法知识的能力上。听力技能 听力技能考查学生对口头语言材料的理解能力以及从口头语言材料中获取信息的能力。阅读技能 阅读技能考查学生理解各种题材和体裁的书面材料的能力以及从各种材料中获取信息的能力。写作技能 写的技能考查学生以书面的形式进行信息沟通、再现生活经历、描述周围事物、发表意见和观点的能力。词汇、语法知识运用能力 词汇、语法知识运用能力是考查以上技能考试中没能涵盖的重点词汇、语法方面的基础知识以及其基本运用能力，即在具体语境中考查对语言能力细节的掌握情况。（二）考试范围和内容总体范围与内容：英语课程标准“五级要求”中所规定的语音、语法、交际用语、话题等知识要点和能力要求。具体的考查内容和标准将主要依据英语课程标准之“内容标准”中的五级及五级以下内容要求及相关附录，所涉及重点内容将控制在英语课程标准、现行初中英语教材两者共同要求和呈现的范围内。语法范围与内容：语法范围限定在英语课程标准五级及五级以下要求之内（见附件1），现行教材中出现的其他语法项目只要求理解；词汇范围与内容： 英语课程标准规定词汇中最常用的1600个单词（见附件2），有一小部分没有出现在教材中。中考听说读写要求掌握的词汇是指：在课标和在教材中同时出现过的词汇。或在现行教材中出现，或在课标中出现的其他词汇只要求一般认读。整个卷面总词汇将可能涉及掌握和认读两部分。（三）考试形式和试卷结构1.本次中考采用闭卷、笔试形式。听力测试属于笔试的一部分。2. 整卷预设难度为0.65，易、中、难试题分值比例约为5:3:2。3.试卷结构和题型比例试卷分第卷和第卷两部分。第卷1至7页，计70分，其中50分选择题，需要涂卡，10分听写题，10分阅读简答题，听写和简答题要写在第7页答题区内；第卷8至10页，计50分，直接写在试卷上。两卷共计120分。考试时间90分钟。第卷 一、听力测试（第125小题，共30分） 主要题型有：（一）(第14小题)选择题。听句子，选择与画面内容一致的选项；（二）（第510小题）选择题。听句子，选择正确答语；（三）（第1115小题）选择题。 听短对话和后面的问题，选择正确答案；（四）（第1620小题）听长对话和后面的问题，选择正确答案；（五）（第2125小题）听写题。听一段短文，根据所听到的内容补全短文中所缺的内容。以语言材料的录音形式来呈现听力内容。二、单项选择（第2640题，共15分，）从所给四个选项中选出一个正确的。主要考查最基本的语法知识与应用，不考查情景会话、 名词意义的区别等。三、阅读理解（第4155小题，计25分）四选一的选择题和简答题两种形式。要求考生尽量用自己的语言简要回答问题,尽量避免整句照搬的现象。第卷四、单词拼写（第5661小题，共6小题，计6分）根据句意及音标提示，以适当形式完成所缺单词。以考查单词拼写为主，适当涉及单词在具体语境当中的词形变化和根据音标拼写单词的能力。五、动词填空（第6267小题，共6小题，计6分）给出一段语篇，其中部分动词处挖空，将动词原型在随后的括号中给出，要求考生根据对篇章的理解，用所给动词的适当形式填空，可根据需要添加适当的助动词。每空所填词数不限。六、完成句子（第6872小题，共5小题，计15分） 根据所给汉语意思，完成英语句子。主要考查基本句式、句子结构、基本语态、时态、人称、数的搭配等。七、短文填空（第7380小题，共8小题，计8分）给出短语或单词，考生根据需要选择所填内容，将选项标号填写到短文后面的横线上。此题各选项无词形变化，不考查语法知识。所给备选项多于必选项。八、书面表达（第81小题，共1小题，计15分）根据要求结合所给图画或文字提示，写出一篇文字通顺，语法结构正确，符合该文题材和体裁的短文，字数在100字左右。附件1：课标规定语法、语音项目1名词（1）可数名词及其单复数（2）不可数名词（3）专有名词（4）名词所有格2代词（1）人称代词（2）物主代词 （3）反身代词 （4）指示代词 （5）不定代词 (some, any, no) （6）疑问代词 3数词（1）基数词（2）序数词4介词和介词短语5连词6形容词（比较级和最高级）7副词（比较级和最高级）8冠词9动词（1）动词的基本形式（2）系动词（3）及物动词和不及物动词（4）助动词（5）情态动词10时态（1）现在进行时（2）一般现在时（3）一般过去时（4）一般将来时（5）过去进行时（6）现在完成时11被动语态 （一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在完成时）12非谓语动词 （动词不定式做宾语、宾语补足语、目的状语）13构词法 （常用的前缀、后缀，以及加前后缀的方法，常用词的转化、合成）14句子种类（1）陈述句（肯定式和否定式）（2）疑问句 （一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句）（3）祈使句（4）感叹句15句子成分（1）主语（2）谓语（3）表语（4）宾语（5）定语（6）状语（7）宾语补足语16简单句的基本句型（1） 主语+系动词+表语（2） 主语+不及物动词（3） 主语+及物动词+宾语（4） 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语（5） 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语（6） there be句型17并列复合句18主从复合句（1）宾语从句（2）状语从句（3）定语从句（能辨认出带有由that, which, who引导的限定性定语从句，并能理解句子意思。）19语音1基本读音（1）26个字母读音（2）元音字母a, e, i(y), o, u在重读音节中的读音（3）元音字母在单词中的基本读音（4）常见的元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音（5）常见的辅音字母组合在单词中的基本读音，如：th, sh, ch等（6）辅音连缀的读音，如black, class, flag, glass, plane, sleep, bright, cry, sky, small, speak, star, street, splash, spring, screen, programme, quiet（7）成节音的读音，如table, people, uncle, single, middle, little, parcel, basin, cousin, often, seven2重音（1）单词重音（2）句子重音3意群的读音（1）连读和失去爆破（2）弱读与同化4语调与节奏（1）语调（升调，降调）（2）节奏附件2： 课标词汇表（新修订课标词汇表）4说明： 1本表共收1600词。2本表原则上不列词组和短语。3词汇的词性根据学习要求标注，即只要求学习和掌握词汇已标出词性的词义和用法。4无单数形式的词汇，如pants，则以复数形式收录。5动词人称与时态变化、名词复数特殊变化等，采用括号形式标注，如be (am, is, are)，child (pl. children)。6本词汇表不列语法术语。7部分可根据构词法推导出的名词、形容词、副词等不单列。Aa/an artability nable a about prep, adabove adabroad a & ad absent aaccept vaccident naccording toachieve vacross prepact vaction nactive aactivity nactor nactress nadd vaddress n admire vadvantage n advice nadvise vafford vafraid aAfrica n after adafternoon nagain adagainst adage nago adagree vagreement n air nairport nalive aall pronallow valmost adalone aalong prepaloud adalready adalso adalthough conjalways adAmerica nAmerican a, n among prepancient aand conjangry aanimal nanother pronanswer v, n.ant nany pronanybody pronanyone pronanything pronanyway adanywhere adappear vapple nApril narea narm n army n around adarrive vart n article n artist nas conjAsia n Asian a, n ask vasleep aat prepAtlantic n, a attend vattention n August naunt n Australia n Australian a, nautumn navailable aavoid v awake aaway adawful aBbaby n back ad, nbackground n bad a bag n ball n balloon nbamboo n banana n bank n baseball n basic abasket n basketball n bathroom n be (am, are, is, was, were, been) vbeach n bean nbear n beat (beat, beaten) v, n beautiful abecause conjbecome (became, become) vbed n bedroom n beef nbefore adbegin (began, begun) vbehind adbelieve vbell n below ad, prepbeside prepbest a, adbetter a, adbetween prepbig abike =bicycle nbill n bird n birth n birthday n biscuit n bit nblack a, n blackboard n blind ablock n & v blood n blouse nblow (blew, blown) vblue n, a board n boat n body n book n bored aboring aborn v, aborrow vboss n both pronbottle n bottom n bowl n box nboy n brain n brave a bread n break (broke, broken) vbreakfast nbridge n bright abring (brought, brought) vBritain nBritish abrother n brown n , a brush n, vbuild (built, built) vbuilding n burn (-ed, ed/burnt, burnt) vbus n business n busy abut conjbutter n buy (bought, bought) vby prep, adbye interjCcabbage n cake n calendar ncall vcamera n camp n, v can (cant cannot) vCanada n Canadian n, acancel vcandle n candy ncap n capital n car n card n care v, n careful acareless acarrot ncarry vcartoon ncat n catch (caught, caught) vcause n, vcelebrate vcent n central acentre n century n certain a certainly adchair n chalk nchance n change vcheap acheck vcheer v, ncheese n chemistry n chess n chicken n child (pl. children) nChina nChinese a, nchocolate nchoice nchoose (chose, chosen) vchopsticks n Christmas n church ncinema n circle n, vcity n class n classmate n classroom n clean aclear aclever aclimb vclock n close v, aclothes n cloud n cloudy a club n coach n coal n coast n coat n coffee n coin n cold a, n collect vcollege n colour (AmE color) n, vcome (came, come) vcomfortable acommon acommunicate vcommunication n community ncompany n compare vcompetition n complete a, v computer n concert n condition n connect vconsider vcontinue vcontrol vconversation n cook v, ncookie ncool a copy v, ncorn ncorner n correct v, a cost v, ncotton n, a cough n, vcould vcount vcountry ncountryside n couple ncourage ncourse n cousin n cover n, vcow n crayon ncrazy acreate vcross v, n cry v, nculture ncup ncustomer ncut (cut, cut) vcute aDdad (daddy) n daily a, addance v, ndanger n dangerous adark adate n daughter n day ndead a deaf adeal vdear a December ndecide vdecision n deep a, ad degree n delicious a dentist n depend v describe v desk n develop vdevelopment n dialogue (AmE dialog) n diary n dictionary n die v difference n different adifficult adifficulty n dig (dug, dug) vdining ndinner ndirect adirection n director n dirty adiscover vdiscovery n discuss v discussion n disease n dish n district ndivide vdo vdoctor n dog n dollar n door n double n, vdoubt n, vdown addownstairs addraw (drew, drawn) vdream (-ed, -ed/dreamt, dreamt) vdress n, vdrink (drank, drunk) vdrive (drove, driven) vdriver n drop v, ndrum n dry v, a duck n dumpling n during prepdust v, nEeach pronear n early aEarth n earthquake neast n, a, adeastern aeasy aeat (ate, eaten) veducation neffort n egg n eight numeighteen numeighth numeighty numeither pronelder aelectricity nelephant n eleven numelse aemail nempty aencourage vend n, venemy n energy n engineer n England n English a, nenjoy venough adenter venvironment n eraser n especially adEurope n European a, neven adevening never adevery aeverybody proneveryday a everyone proneverything proneverywhere adexactly adexam =examination n example n excellent aexcept prepexcited aexciting aexcuse n, v exercise v, n exhibition n expect vexpensive aexperience n experiment n explain v express veye n Fface n, v fact n factory n fail vfair afall v (fell, fallen), n family n famous afan n fantastic afar afarm n farmer n fast a, adfat a, nfather n favourite a, nfear n February nfeed (fed, fed) vfeel (felt, felt) vfeeling n festival n fever n few ad, n, pronfield n fifteen vfifth numfifty numfight (fought, fought ) vfill vfilm n finally adfind (found, found) vfine a finger n finish vfire n first numfish n fisherman n fit afive numfix vflag n flat n floor n flower n flu n fly (flew, flown) vfollow vfood n foot (pl. feet) n football n for prepforce n, vforeign a forest n forget (forgot, forgot) vfork n form n forty numforward adfour numfourteen numfourth numFrance nfree a freeze (froze, frozen) vFrench n, afresh aFriday nfridge (=refrigerator) n friend n friendly afriendship n from prepfront nfruit n full afun n funny afurniture nfuture nGgame n garden n gate n general agentleman n geography n German n, aGermany nget (got, got) vgift n giraffe n girl n give (gave, given) vglad a glass n glove n glue ngo (went, gone) vgold n, a good agoodbye interjgovernment n grade n grammar n granddaughter n grandfather (grandpa) ngrandmother (grandma) ngrandparent n grandson n grape n grass n great agreen a, ngrey aground n group n grow (grew, grown) vguard n guess v, nguest n guide nguitar n gun n gym n Hhabit n hair n half nhall n ham n hamburger n hand n handbag n handsomehang (hung, hung) vhappen v happy a hard adhardly adharmful ahat n hate vhave (has) vhe pronhead n headache n health n healthy ahear (heard, heard) vheart n heat n heavy aheight n hello interjhelp v, nhelpful ahen n her pronhere adhero n hers pronherself pronhi interjhide (hid, hidden) vhigh a, adhill n him pronhimself pronhis pronhistory n hit (hit, hit ) vhobby n hold (held, held) vhole n holiday n home n, ad hometown n homework n honest ahope v, nhorse n hospital n hot a hotel n hour nhouse n housework n how adhowever adhuge ahuman a, n humorous ahundred numhungry ahurry vhurt (hurt, hurt) vhusband n II pronice n ice-cream n idea n if conjill a illness n imagine vimmediately adimportant aimpossible a improve vin prep, adinch n include vincrease v, n India n Indian a, nindustry n influence n information n insect ninside prep, adinstead adinstruction n instrument ninterest n interesting ainternational a Internet n interview n, vinto prepintroduce v introduction n invent vinvention n invite viron n, visland nit pronits pronitself pronJjacket n jam nJanuary nJapan n Japanese n, a jeans n job n jog vjoin vjoke njourney njuice n July njump vJune njust ad, aKkeep (kept, kept) v key n keyboard n kick v, nkid nkill vkilo = kilogram n kilometre n kind nking n kiss v, nkitchen n kite n knee n knife (pl. knives) n knock vknow vknowledge n Llab = laboratory n lady nlake n lamb n lamp n land n, vlanguage n large alast a, adlate alater adlaugh vlaw n lay (laid, laid) vlazy alead (led, led) vleader n leaf (pl. leaves) n learn (learnt, learnt) vleast ad, aleave (left, left) v left a, n leg n lemon nlend (lent, lent) v less ad, pron lesson n let (let, let) vletter n level n library n license n lie (lay, lain) vlife n lift v, nlight a, n, vlike v, prepline n lion n list n, vlisten vlitter v, nlittle a, nlive vlively alocal alock v, nLondon n lonely a long alook v, nlose (lost, lost) vlot nloud a, adlove v, nlovely alow aluck n lucky alunch nMmachine n mad a magazine n magic a mail n main amajor amake vman (pl. men) n manage vmanager n many amap n March nmark n, vmarket n marriage n marry vmatch v, n math(s) = mathematics n matter nmay vMay nmaybe adme pronmeal n mean (meant, meant) vmeaning n meat n medical a medicine n meet (met, met) vmeeting n member n memory n mention n, vmenu n mess nmessage n messy ametal n, a method n metre (AmE meter) n middle n might vmile n milk n mind n, v mine pronminute nmirror n Miss1 n miss2 vmissing amistake (mistook, mistaken) v mix v mobile phone nmodel n modern amoment n Monday nmoney n monkey n month nmoon n moral amore a, avmorning nmost amother (mom, mum) nmotorcycle n mountain n mouse (pl. mice) n mouth n move vmovie n Mr. n Mrs. n Ms. n much admuseum n music n musician nmust vmy pronmyself pronNname n national a natural anature n near prep, adnearly adnecessary a neck n need v, nneighbour (AmE neighbor) n neither conjnervous a never adnew anews n newspaper n next anice anight nnine numnineteen numninety numninth numno adnobody pronnod vnoise n noisy adjnone pronnoodle n noon nnor conjnorth a, n northern a nose n not adnote n, vnotebook n nothing pronnotice v, nNovember nnow adnor conjnumber n nurse n Ooclock adobject n ocean n October nof prepoff ad, prepoffer v, n office n officer n often adoil n OK interjold aOlympics non prep, adonce adone num, prononly aopen a, voperation n opinion nopposite prepor conjorange a, n order v, n other pronour pronours pronourselves pronout adoutside prep, adover ad, prepown aowner n PPacific n, apackage n page n pain n, vpaint n, v pair npalace n pale apancake n panda n pants npaper n pardon n parent n park n, vpart nparty n pass v, npassage n passenger n passport n past adpath n patient apay (paid, paid) vPE = physical education npeace n pear n pen n pencil n people n percent nperfect aperhaps adperiod n person n personal a pet n phonephoto = photograph n physics n piano n pick vpicnic n picture n pie n piece npig n pilot n pink n, a pioneer n pity n place n, v plan v, nplane n planet n plant n, vplastic n, a plate n play v, nplayer n playground n pleasant a please vpleasure n plenty npocket n poem n point v, npolice n policeman (policewoman) n policy n polite apollute vpollution npool n poor apop = popular a popular apopulation n pork n position n possible a post n, vpostcard n postman n potato n pound n practice npraise v, nprepare vpresent n president npretty a , adprevent vprice n pride n primary a print vprison n prisoner n private a prize n probably adproblem n produce vproduct nprogramme (AmE program) n progress n, vproject npromise vpronounce v pronunciation n proper aprotect vproud a prove vprovide vprovince n public a, n pull vpunish vpupil n purple a, npurpose n push vput (put, put) vQquarter nqueen n question n quick aquiet aquite adRrabbit n race n radio n railway n rain n, vraincoat n rainy a raise vrapid arather adreach vread (read, read) vready a real arealise (AmE realize) vreally ad reason n receive vrecently adrecite vrecord v & nrecorder n red a, nrefuse vregard vregret n, vregular arelationship nrelative nrelax v remain vremember v repair vrepeat vreply v, nr