九年级英语UNIT5讲义和练习.doc

Unit5 It must belong to Carla一、教学目标1、语言目标：使用情态动词表示推测的用法2、知识目标：情态动词 must，might ，could and cant 的用法及区别 3、能力目标 根据提供的相关信息进行合理地推论，根据一定的背景前提进行预测或续写。二、教学重点1、重点单词 picnic possibly drop final worried owner sky catch interview noise wind neighbor director monkey smell finger lift stone ant ocean 基本要求：会读、会写、会用。2、重点短语 belong to make up escape from use up 基本要求：会读、会写、会用。3、重点语法 情态动词 must，might ， could and cant 的用法及区别基本要求：理解其含义，学以致用。三、教学过程Section A重点词汇和短语1. It must belong to Carlabelong to意为“属于，为所有”。后需接名词或宾格代词，不用于进行时态和被动语态例如：I belong to the swimming club. That book belongs to me.Must 意为“准是、一定”，它表达的肯定程度最大，可以达到100%。只用于肯定句中2.He was the only little kid at the picniconly作形容词，意为“唯一的，仅有的”可用来修饰名词.例如：He is the only boy in his family.【拓展】only作副词，意为“只，仅，才”修饰主语时，only常置于主语之前例如：Only a doctor can do that.修饰主语以外的成分时，only常置于行为动词之前，be动词，情态动词，助动词后例如：I only touched it.要确定所修饰的事物时，则置于所修饰的词和短语之前.例如：I had only 20 pence.3.U se “might”or “could”to show that you think something is possibly true.Possibly作副词意为“可能地，也许” 例如：.Possibly he was telling the truth.【拓展】possibly与 can could连用以加强语气。 （1）、用于肯定句意为“设法，尽心竭力地”例如：Please write to us as soon as you possibly can.（2）、用于否定句意为“无论如何也（不能）” 例如：I cant possibly drink any more. （3）用于疑问句意为“（能否）设法，到底，究竟”例如：Could you possily take care of my dog while Im away？4.I think I dropped it during the concertdrop vt.(及物动词) 意为“（有意或无意）让掉下来、投下；放弃、不再干”例如：He dropped it into the mail-box.【拓展】（1）vi.(不及物动词)意思是掉下、落下；下降、降低（可与fall互换），例：The man dropped from the top of the building.（2） n.(可数)滴、点滴， a few drops of rain几滴雨5.I tried to callyou but your saidtry作动词意为“试图，企图”try to do 表示“竭尽全力去做”，强调付出了一定的努力。例如：I tried to look for my lost pen，but Ifailed。try doing表示“尝试/试图做” 强调只是试一试，不一定付出了努力。例如：I tried chatting with him 。Luckily， he was on line。相关短语：try ones best to do sth. “竭尽全力做某事”6.I study for it because it counts 30 % to the final exam.Count作动词意为“以计算，算作”【拓展】Count作动词意为“数”例如：About 30 students come to the English corner，not counting English teachers.7、It might mean worriedworried为形容词，常用词组为be/get worried about sb。/sth，表示“担心某人或某事”，例如：I could not sleep well because I was worried about my English test。【拓展】worry为动词，常用词组为worry about，表示“担心”例如：I could not sleep well because I worried about my English test。上下两句意思基本一致，所以这两个词组可以互换专项训练：1、 It might belong _Alice. A. at B. on C. to D. in2、 The football may _John. A. be B. belongs to C. belong D.belong to3、This shirt _ be Li Leis. It is too big for him. A. cant B. must C. could D. might4、 He _ be in the garden. He must be in the room. A. cant B. mustnt C. should D. may not5、This book _ Toms fathers, because his name I son the book. A. maybeB. may beC. must be D. must6、Please try _ English if you want to learn English well. A. practise B. to practise C. practicing D. practices7、Jenny is _ about the math test of tomorrow. A. worried B. worrying C. worry D. worries8、 What do you think “anxious” _?A. mean B. means C. meaning D. meant重点句型1.If you have any idea where it might be, please call me. If you have any idea. = If you know. 意为“如果你知道”。 any用于if引导的条件从句中，有“若干的，有多少”的意思。例如：If you have any time Id like to talk with you. 2、Its crucial that I study for it because it counts 30%to the final exam.这是It + be + 形容词 + that从句结构： 常用that从句作主语的句子有下列几个句型：It is clear that he was telling the truth. 【拓展】1）It + be + 名词词组 + that从句： 例如：Its a pity that you cant go with us. 2）It + 及物动词 + 宾语 + that从句： 例如：It worried her a bit that her hair was turning grey. 3）It + be + 过去分词 + that从句： 例如：It is said that he has been there many times. 4）It + seem/happen/appear等不及物动词 + that从句： 例如：It seems that he has lost something. 3、What do you think “anxious” means?你认为“anxious”是什么意思？What do you think用来询问对方的观点或看法等，意为：你说呢? 你认为呢?你怎么看? 【拓展】 用来询问对方的安排或建议，意为：有什么事? 你有何安排? 例如： 1）A：Are you free tomorrow? B：I think so. What do you think? 2）A：What are you going to do on Sunday? B：Ive no idea. What do you think? 专项训练：1、选择填空：Miss Wu： Can I help you?Li Gang : Yes, Id like to return this book, please.Miss Wu : (1). _ Li Gang : No, I couldnt read it. I had a hard time reading a few pages, and then I decided to give up.Miss Wu : (2). _Li Gang : It wasnt the language. It was the words. They are too small for me.Miss Wu : (3). _What can I do for you then? Li Gang : Well, Id be glad if you could find me another book.Miss Wu : (4). _Li Gang : Yes, but one with bigger words.Miss Wu : (5). _Li Gang : Oh, Oliver Twist. This one is fine. And the words are much bigger. Thank you very much.Miss Wu : Youre welcome. A. What about this one?B. You cant keep the book for long.C. Another English storybook?D. Isnt it interesting?E. Oh? But I know you are good at English.F. Did you enjoy the book?G. Yes, they are really small.重点语法情态动词表示推测：（1）could、might、may的意思是“可能、也许”，表示推测，它们所表达的肯定程度较低，这三个词相比may的可能性稍大一些；他们的肯定程度在20%至80%。（2）cant的意思之“不可能”，它相应的肯定形式是must；它的可能性为0% 。（3）must、could、might和cant的后面可用一般现在时、现在进行时，表示对现在的动作、状态或正在进行的动作的推测。例如：He might/could be playing basketball now. Im sure that she cant stay at home. He must be walking in the garden. 情态动词的区别1、can和could的区别和用法can表示体力和脑力方面的能力，或根据客观条件能做某种动作的“能力”。例如：Can you make a cake？ can用在否定句和疑问句中时有时表示说话人的 “猜测”或 “不肯定”。例如： Can the news be true？(在日常会话中，can可代替may表示“允许”，may比较正式) could 是 can的过去式，表示过去有过的能力和可能性，还有怀疑和不肯定的意思(在否定和疑问句中)。例如：The doctor said he could help him(能力) At that time we thought the story could be true(可能性) could用来提问，是有礼貌的请求 Could. Please? 语气较为婉转。例如： Could I speak to Mr. Smith, please? 2、might也是may的过去式,其用法如下:may的用法: a. 表示”允许”或”请求”例如：May I come in？ 在使用这一用法时需注意: may表示“允许”的否定形式是must not，意思是“不应该”“不许可”。例如：May I take this book out of the reading-room？ No，you mustnt b. 表示说话人的猜测，认为某一事情”或许”或”可能”发生。例如： He may know the answer c. may用在感叹句中可表示祝愿、愿望。例如：May you succeed(祝你成功。) might的用法: a. might可以代替may，表示现在时间的动作，但语气较为婉转客气或更加不肯定。例如：He might not come todayb. might用来表示现在时间时，还可表示”规劝”。例如：You might pay more attention to spoken English3、must与have to的区别have to比较强调客观需要，must着重说明主观看法。另外have to能用于更多时态，比较下面的句子： We had to be there at ten 有时两者都可以用，意思差别不大。例如：We must have to leave nowmust在表示说话人对事物的推测时候要注意它比may肯定得多，相当于汉语的“一定” 或“准是”。(只有在肯定句中能这样用。) There must be a mistake 在回答由must引起的问题时，如果是否定的答复，不能用mustnt，而需要用neednt 或dont have to，因为mustnt是“一定不要”的意思。例如：Must we hand in our exercises today？ No，you neednt must not的否定形式则表示“不应该”或不许可”，语气比较强烈。例如： You mustnt play on the road教学拓展：1、belong to someone 和be someones的用法区别。两者都表示“需要某人” “归某人所有”，但belong to中的to为介词，后需接名词或宾格代词be someones中be动词，需接名词的所有格形式和名词性物主代词。【例如】1）The English book belongs to Tom。2）The English book is Tom，s3）The English book belongs to me。4）The English book is mine。2、much too 、too much的区别。much too 表示“太”，后接形容词或副词 例如：The question is much too difficult for me 。too much表示“太多的”，后面一般接不可数名词，例如：I have too much homework to do 3、because 为连词，表示原因，后面必须接句子。例如：I cant go out because it is raining now。 而 because of 也表示原因，但of为介词，所以后面一般接名词、代词或动名词。例如：I cant go out because of the rain。专项练习检测：单项选择1、The football may _John. A. be B. belongs to C. belong D.belong to2、 This book must _ Lucys. Look! Her name is on the book cover. A. be B. belongs to C. belong D.belong to3、. - Can you swim in the river?- No, I _. A. mustntB. may notC. cantD. neednt 4、 - ay I go swimming now? - No, you _. You must finish your homework first. A. mustntB. may not C. couldntD. neednt 5、. - Excuse me. Where is the zoo? - Sorry, I dont know. Ask that policeman. He _ know. A. shall B. may C. needD. would 6、. _ I finish the work today? No, you neednt. A. MustB. MayC. CanD. Need 7、. - Must I finish my homework now? - No, you _. You may have a rest first. A. mustntB. cantC. may notD. neednt 8、. - Tom, where is your father? - Im not sure. He_ in his office. A. isB. may beC. maybeD. may 9、. - Where is Tom? - He hasnt come to school today. I think he_ be ill. A. has toB. shouldC. mayD. need 10、. Today it is _hot, but we still have _ work to do. A. much, many B. much too, too much C. too much, much too D. very, too11. I didnt come to school yesterday_ I had to look after my grandma at home. A. because B. because of C. so D. but12、We were late for class yesterday morning _ the rain weather. A. because B. because of C. so D. but SectionB重点单词1、He might be running to catch a bus.他可能是在跑着赶公共汽车。Catch 作动词意为“赶上”【拓展】作动词意为“接住”例如：catch the ball作动词意为“抓住，逮住”例如：catch the fish作动词意为“受感染”例如：catch thecold2、However, these days, strange things are happening in our neighbourhood and everyone is unhappy.1） however是一个转折连词，表示“然而，可是”的意思，与but的意义相同，但however是较正式的说法。例如： I know how to pronounce this English word, however I cant write it.3、happen vi意为“（偶然）发生、碰巧” 【拓展】happen是不及物动词，它的用法常如下：1）. 表示“某地(某时)发生了什么事”，常用“sth.+ happen +地点/时间”这一结构来表达，此时主语应是事情。例如： The story happened in 2003. An accident happened in that street. 2）. 表示“某人出了某事(常指不好的事)”，要用“sth.+ happen+to sb.”这一结构来表达。例如： A car accident happened to her this morning. 3）. 表示“某人碰巧做某事”，要用“sb.+ happen+ to do sth.”这一结构来表达。例如： I happened to meet a friend of mine in the street yesterday. 4）. happen表示“碰巧或恰巧发生某事”时，可用“It happens / happened that.”这一结构来表达。例如： It happened that Brian and Peter were at home that day. 碰巧那天布莱恩和彼得在家了。 注：that从句中的主语是人时，此种结构可以与“sb.+ happen + to do sth.”结构互换。例如： It happened that Brian and Peter were at home that day. = Brian and Peter happened to be at home that day.4. unhappy是happy的反义词。unhappy是一个合成词，由un+happy组合而成。 我们常用的在词前加前缀变为其反义词的有：前缀例词派生词un-“不”happyunhappylikeunlikegratefulungratefulfriendlyunfriendlyluckyunlucky5、My parents called the police, but they cant find anything strange. (1)the police可以看作为复数名词，意思是“警察、警方”。 但如果指一个警员，就要用a policeman或a policewoman。 (2)cant在本句中，不表示“推断”，而表示“能力”。6、They can，t find anything strangestrange 是形容词作后置定语修饰anything英语中类似something，anything等复合不定代词的修饰词要放在其后面例如：something important anything interesting nothing dangerous7、three monkeys escaped from the zooescape作不及物动词，意为“逃跑，逃走”例如：They escaped from the zooescape作及物动词，后接动名词作宾语。例如：He said there was no way to escape doing the work 8In my dream ，I was swimming in an ocean of paper。（在我的梦中，我浸泡在数不尽的试卷中。）in an ocean of 是介词短语，口语中常用意为“极多的，用不尽的”在of后面接不可数名词或可数名词复数形式9、It means you are afraid of too much home work！Be afraid 后面可接to 或doing例如：Iam afraid to tell /of telling her 专项训练：选择题：1、The monkeys escaped _ the zoo yesterday evening. A. on B. of C. from D. out2、Tonny is afraid _, because he was bit by a dog. A. fly B. to flying C. flying D. of flying 3、Hurry up, or you wont _ the train.A. miss B. catch C. keep D. sit4、. Have you done _ to improve your English? A. something useful B. anything useful C. nothing usefulD. useful anything5、-What is behind that tree? -There must be a dog _ beside it. A. sit B. sat C. to sit D. sitting重点句型1、He could be running for exercise. could be running“情态动词+doing sth. ”表示对正在发生事情的推测【拓展】“情态动词+do sth. ” 表示对现在事情的推测例如：He must be in the classroom now.“情态动词+have done sth. ” 表示对过去或已完成事情的推测例如：His new car must have cost around 20，0002、No more mystery in Bell Tower neighborhood. 省略句式，完全的句式是Its no more mystery in Bell Tower neighborhood. 3、see sb .doing sth.See /watch /notice /hearsb .doing sth.表示“看到/注视/注意到/听到某人正在做某事”，强调正在做某事。例如：1）I saw /noticed an woman falling down the ground just now 。2）Can you hear someone singing in the next room？另外还有这种表达：See /watch /notice /hearsb .do sth .表示“看到/注视/注意到/听到某人做某事。”这种表达方式强调做了某事例如：1）I saw /noticed an woman fall down the ground just now 。2）Can you hear someone sing in the next room？ 课堂专项训练：一、根据对话选词填空。had better not , neednt, had better, would rather, mustntJENNY: Nick, we 1_ go to bed. Its very late.NICK: I know, but I 2_ help Trig than go to bed. Hes tearing up his English exercise book and hes throwing his grammar book round the room. I dont think hes very happy.JENNY: Well, you 3_ stay up too long.NICK: Trig, stop it. You 4_ throw your books at the wall. It wont help and you might break something. You 5_ work at your English now. What are you learning?TRIG: Abbreviation n 1 U abbreviating, being abbreviated 2 C shortened form of a word, phrase, etc. Sept an abbreviation for SeptemberNICK: But Trig, thats from the dictionary. You 6_ learn the whole dictionary by heart!二、补全对话。Jim: Jack 1_Jack: Sure, go ahead.Jim: I want to have a look at whats on this weekend. Let me see now.Jack: 2_Jim: The Red Roses are giving a performance at the Peoples Theatre. 3_Jack: They are pop group. They are said to be very good. 4_Jim: 7 p.m. 5_Jack: Yes, Ill be free then. Ill meet you at the theatre at 6:30.Jim: Good! See you then. Bye. A. Do you know what they are?B. What time does the performance start?C. Is there anything good on?D. Do you want to bring a friend?E. Can I have a look at your copy of China Daily?F. What is the best place to meet?G. Will you be free then?三、在划线部填入适当的词1.他们一定正在拍电影。They _a movie.2.有一个外星人正在走出来。There is an alien _.3.早点起床，否则你赶不上早班车 _ early, youll cant_the early bus.4.她跑步是为了锻炼。She runs _exercise.5.他曾经是一位英语教师。He _an English teacher.6.我们过去常常在河里游泳We_in the river. 7.一定有东西拜访我的家。There something my home.四、单项选择题：( ) 1. Hurry up, or you wont _ the train. A. miss B. catch C. keep D. sit( ) 2. Dont make a _ in the reading-room. A. noise B. sound C. voice D. noisy( )3. She has a very beautiful and sweet _. A. noise B. sound C. voice D. noisy( ) 4. Have you done _ to improve your English? A. something useful B. anything useful C. nothing useful D. useful anything（ ）5.Three monkeys escaped _ the local zoo last night. A. at B. for C. from D. to( )6. He _ be a history teacher. A. used to B. be used to C. use to be D. be use to教学拓展词语辨析1、However/but however是一个转折连词，表示“然而，可是”的意思，与but的意义相同，但however是较正式的说法。从标点上看，but之后一般不得加逗号，但however位于分句之首时，通常用逗号，位于分句中时，通常在其前后各加一个逗号，位于分句之尾时，则必须在其前加逗号。2. no more 与not any more的区别二者都表示“不再”，“再没有”的含义,但no more要用在谈数量或程度时，not any more用在说时间时。 例如：There is no more bread.(指数量) Hes no more genius than I am.(指程度) He doesnt live here any more. (指时间)3.take place 和 happen 的区别1）take place 表示“发生、举行、举办”，一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”，即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排，例如： Great changes have taken place in our hometown during the past ten yearshappen作“发生、碰巧”解，一般用于偶然或突发性事件例如：What happened to you? (一般不说：What did you happen?) I happened to see him on my way home.= It happened that I saw him on my way home.当以具体事为主语时，二者可互换。2）happen + 不定式是“碰巧”，指偶然发生；而 take place 指预先布置或策划好的“发生”，延伸为“举行”。3）二者均为不及物动词，不出现在被动语句中。a. What has happened/took place?b. Do you know when the sports meet will take place in our school?4、be afraid to do与 be afraid of doing的区别be afraid to do不敢，胆怯去做某事，是主观上的原因不去做，意为怕； 例如: She was afraid to wake her husband. be afraid of doing担心出现doing的状况、结果。 doing 是客观上造成的，意为生怕，恐怕。 例如: She was afraid of waking her husband. 5、sound, noise 与 voice的区别 这是一组与“声音”有关的名词，在使用上有区别。 sound泛指任何声音，例如： Light travels faster than sound.noise表示“噪音、喧闹”，指的是人们不愿听到的声音或嘈杂声。它可以作可数名词，也可以用作不可数名词。例如： I heard some strange noises last night. Theres a lot of noise here. voice用于人时，指说话、歌唱或发笑的声音，也可指发言权。用于其它方面时，常含悦耳之声，如鸟鸣声，乐器声音等。例如： Please speak in a louder voice. 专项训练：选择题：（ ） 1. Dont make a _ in the reading-room. A. noise B. sound C. voice D. noisy( ) 2 She has a very beautiful and sweet _. A. noise B. sound C. voice D. noisy（ ）3.Tonny is afraid _, because he was bit by a dog. A. flyB. to flying C. flying D. of flying （ ）4.If anything _the machine，please let us know. A. happens on B. happens to C. happened toD. happened onSelf Check例析导学1、 It is less of a problem to be poor than to be dishonestIt 是形式主语，to be poor 是真正主语 这句话可变型为To be poor is less of a problem than to be dishonest. 由此，To be poor是动词不定式短语作真正主语，is是谓语，less of a problem 是表语，than to be dishonest是比较状语。 这句话直译为：与不诚实相比，贫穷是一个小问题。2、 Be careful of the person who does not talk