广州初中英语语法之学案2-名词.doc

卓越个性化教学讲义 学生姓名 年级 授课时间 教师姓名 课时 教学课题小升初必考知识强化学习专题2名词教学目标1. 学生能掌握名词的定义；2. 了解名词的功能和单复数用法。重点难点名词变复数的不规则变化以及主谓一致。定义：请观察以下几组词语：例子1：teacher student president 更多你来说 例子2：phone desk table PC 更多你来说 例子3：friendship memory love 更多你来说 总结：名词是指 分类：在英语中，根据意义，通常将名词进行如下的分类：类别定义例子基本用法例句专有名词表示某个人，事物或机构 。Yi LingfeiLi DongjieWen JialunIvan Liao ShuyingGuangzhou前面一般不使用冠词或者数词。John is my best friend.更多你来说普通名词可数名词个体名词表示 人物事appledeskbook前面通常用冠词和数词。The apple is mine.更多你来说集体名词表示 含义的词teamfamilypeople前面大多数可以使用冠词和数词。There are three teachers here.更多你来说不可数名词物质名词表示 事物bloodsandlight前面大多数不使用冠词Tea was first produced in China.更多你来说抽象名词表示 thoughthappiness前面大多数不使用冠词theDuty is the most important in our lives.更多你来说*Note: 1常考不可数名词如下：液体物质： water 水 oil 油 小颗粒物： sand 沙子 dust 灰尘 自然现象： light 光 snow 雪 抽象概念： thought 思想 happiness快乐 证据，消息，建议： advice建议 information消息 科学与学科 physics 物理学 math(s)数学 事物的总称 clothes服装 furniture家具 2不可数名词用法注意：1).不能直接用数字表数量 2).不能直接加a或an 3).没有复数形式 4).可用some、any 、lots of、plenty of 、much 修饰 5).可用“量词短语”表示：a / 数字+ 量词 + of + 不可数名词 a piece of paper a cup of tea a glass of milk 更多你来说 3可数名词的单、复数考点：1）规则名词的复数变化名词词尾复数变化你试试来举例一般的词以s x ch sh结尾 以y结尾以f/fe结尾的名词以o结尾巧记顺口溜1树叶半数自己黄，妻子拿刀去割粮，架后窜出一只狼，就像小偷逃命忙。巧记顺口溜2黑人英雄不仅爱吃土豆和西红柿，而且喜欢到动物园拍照、听收音机和弹钢琴。2）不规则名词复数（a）内部变化child foot tooth mouse ox man woman Englishman （b）单复同形 deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，还有呢？- （Japanese） 还有吗？更多你来说：名词的所有格： s 所有格1).用and连接单数名词表示共有时，在最后一个名词后加 s This is _(Mary and Lily) bedroom .2). 用and连接单数名词表示各有时，分别在后加 sThese are _(Tom and Jack ) school bags .3).以s结尾的名词，变所有格时在s后加 , 不以s 结尾的复数名词，仍加 s Teachers Day Childrens Day 更多_4).表示店铺、医院、诊所、住宅等场所时，常在名词后加 s 代表全称。 at the doctors at the Bobs at the uncles 更多_5).不定代词something、anything等和else连用时，所有格应加在else的后面。 This is _(somebody elses ) pencil .6).表示时间、距离、国家等无生命的名词，也可在词尾加s 来构成所有格。an hours ride two weeks time Chinas capital 更多_of 所有格1).of 用来表示无生命的名词所有格：the map of China the door of the room 2).双重所有格：of + 名词所有格 of + 名词性的物主代词 He is a friend of my _(brother) . Is she a daughter of _(you)?即时训练考题精练( )1. Im so hungry. Please give me _ to eat. A. three breads B. three pieces of bread C. three pieces of breads D. three piece of bread( )2. - Could you please tell me something about the two _? - _.They are exchange students of No.1 Middle School. A. Frenchmen; Yes, please B. Frenchmans; Come on C. Germen; Not at all D. Germans; All right( )3. - I hear you run for half an hour every day.- Right. It is one of the _ in our school. A. rules B. plans C. hobbies D. choices( )4. We can see two _ in the picture. A. apple tree B. apples trees C. apple trees D. apples trees( )5. Tomorrow Im going to my _. Its a _.A. aunt; five minutes walk B. aunts; five minutes walk C. aunt; five minutes walk D. aunts; five minutes walk( )6. A computer is one of the greatest _ in this century. A. inventions B. inventors C. invitations D. invention( )7. - Two _ died in accident. A. policemen; B. policeman C. police D. policemans ( )8. Nowadays people can get much _ from TV, newspapers and the Internet. A. ideas B. stories C. photos D. information( )9. There _ a pen and two books on the desk. A. has B. is C. were D. have( )10. Ive got a little _ in my house. Why not keep two or more?A. juice B. mice C. bread D. fish作业Homework( )1. - I have great _ in learning math and Im so worried. Could you help me?- Sure. Id be glad to. A. trouble B. interest C. joy D. fun( )2. The doctor told me to eat more _ its good for my health. A. orange B. vegetables C. ice cream D. fish( )3. For breakfast, I usually have_ and two pieces of bread. A. a cup of milk half B. half a cup of milk C. a half milk cup D. half a milk cup( )4 Can you see nine _ in the picture? A. sheep B. dog C. pig D. horse( )5. - Why are you still waiting in line? - Ive missed my _. A. place B. order C. turn D. time( )6. I like _ a lot, and my mother usually cooks it in different ways.A. fish B. butter C. potatoes D. noodles( )7. _ room is big and bright. They like it very much. A. Tom and Sam B. Toms and Sam C. Tom and Sams D. Toms and Sams( )8. Thisis my_ book A. brother John B. brothers John C. brothers Johns D. brother Johns( )9._ _ the teachers in their school is about 200 and one fourth of them are _ teachers. A. A number of ; women B. A number of ; woman C. The number of ; women D. The number of ; woman( )10. Its five years since we began to enjoy a _ spring holiday each year. A. ten-day B. ten day C. ten days D. ten-d