初高中反义疑问句详解.doc

高中反义疑问句一、概念：（The Disjunctive Question）又叫附加疑问句。它表示提问人的看法，没有把握，需要对方证实。反义疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的疑问句，两部分的人称时态应保持一致。二、类型：1.陈述部分肯定式 + 疑问部分否定式They work here, dont they?She was ill yesterday, wasnt she? 2.陈述部分否定式 + 疑问部分肯定式You didnt go, did you?He cant ride a bike, can he?3、请注意以下句型的反义疑问句的用法：1)陈述部分的主语是I，疑问部分要用 arent I. Im as tall as your sister, arent I? I am a student, arent I2)陈述部分的谓语是wish，疑问部分要用may +主语 I wish to have a word with you, may I? 3)陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。 The Swede made no answer, did he / she? Some plants never blown (开花), do they ? There are few apples in the basket, are there?He can hardly swim, can he?They seldom come late, do they?She rarely speaks to you in English, does she?4)含有ought to 的反意疑问句，陈述部分是肯定的，疑问部分用shouldnt / oughtnt +主语。 He ought to know what to do, oughtnt he? / shouldnt he? 5)陈述部分有 have to + v. (had to + v.)，疑问部分常用dont +主语（didnt +主语）。 We have to get there at eight tomorrow, dont we? They had to cross the busy street, didnt they?6)陈述部分的谓语是used to 时，疑问部分用didnt +主语或 usednt +主语。 He used to take pictures there, didnt he? She used to stay up late, usednt she? 7)陈述部分有had better + v. 疑问句部分用hadnt you? Youd better read it by yourself, hadnt you? Youd better get up early, hadnt you?8)陈述部分有would rather + v.疑问部分多用 wouldnt +主语。 He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldnt he? 9)陈述部分有Youd like to + v. 疑问部分用wouldnt +主语。 Youd like to go with me, wouldnt you? 10) 当陈述部分有情态动词must，问句有4种情况： （1）mustnt表示“禁止，不可”时，附加问句通常要用must. You mustnt stop your car here, must you? 你不能把车停在这地方，知道吗？ （2）must表示“有必要”时，附加问句通常要用neednt. They must finish the work today, neednt they? 他们今天要完成这项工作，是吗？ （3）当must用来表示对现在的情况进行推测时，问句通常要根据must后面的动词采用相应的形式。 He must be good at english,isnt he? 他英语一定学得很好，是吗？ He must be a doctor, isnt he? You must have studied English for three years, havent you? He must have finished it yesterday, didnt he? It must be going to rain tomorrow, wont it? （4）当must+have done表示对过去的情况进行推测（一般句中有明确的过去时间状语），问句要根据陈述部分谓语的情况用“didnt+主语”或“wasnt/werent+主语”；如果强调动作的完成（一般没有明确的过去时间状语），问句要用“havent/hasnt+主语”。 She must have read the novel last week,didnt she? 她上星期一定读了这本小说，是吗？ You must have told her about it,havent you? 你一定把这事告诉她了，是吗？11) 感叹句中，疑问部分用be +主语。 What colours, arent they? What a nice smell, isnt it? 12)陈述部分由neither nor, either or 连接的并列主语时，疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。 Neither you nor I am engineer, are we? Either you or he is right, isnt he?（就近一致）13)陈述部分主语是指示代词that, this 或不定代词 everything, nothing, 疑问部分主语用 it 。 Everything is ready, isnt it? Everything begins to grow in spring, doesnt it?14)陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句，疑问部分有三种情况： a.并列复合句疑问部分，谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定。 As Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldnt he? b.带有定语从句，宾语从句的主从复合句，疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定： He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he? He suggested you visit Japan, didnt he? c. 上述部分主句谓语是I / we think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine 等引导的宾语从句，疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句。 I dont think he is bright, is he? We believe she can do it better, cant she? 15) 陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等，疑问部分常用复数they，有时也用单数he。 Everyone knows the answer, dont they?(doesnt he?) Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?) Everyone is in the classroom, arent they?Nobody will go, will they?16)带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句，疑问部分常用 need (dare ) +主语。 We need not do it again, need we ? You dare not say so, dare you? 当dare, need 为实义动词时，疑问部分用助动词 do + 主语。 She doesnt dare to go home alone, does she? 17)省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用will you。 Dont do that again, will you? Go with me, will you / wont you ? Turn on the radio, will you? 注意:Lets 开头的祈使句，后用shall we? Let us 开头的祈使句，后用will you? Lets go and listen to the music, shall we? Let us wait for you in the room, will you ? It is a fine day. Lets go fishing, shall we?Let us do this job, will you ?当陈述部分是祈使句时，疑问句要根据语气来表达Let me help you, may I?18)陈述部分是there be结构的，疑问部分用there省略主语代词。 （be+主语）There is something wrong with your watch, isnt there? There will not be any trouble, will there? There were many people in the room then, werent there? 19)否定前缀不能视为否定词，其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。 It is impossible, isnt it? He is not unkind to his classmates, is he? 20). 反义疑问句的回答用yes，no 但是，当陈述部分是否定形式时，回答要按事实。 They dont work hard, do they? Yes, they do. 不， 他们工作努力。No, they dont. 对， 他们工作不努力。4. 主语不一致的若干情况如下（需牢记）：前句主语后句主语例 句This/thatItThis is your brother,isnt it?SomethinganythingeverythingnothingNothing is serious,is it?V.ing/to v.Swimming is great fun,isnt it?These/thosetheyThose are books,arent they?Everybody/everyoneSomeboby/someoneAnybody/anyoneHe/theyEveryone knows this,dont they?(Everyone knows this ,doesnt it?)BothandThey/you/weBoth Tom and Jack came, didnt they?NobodyHeNobody likes to lose money, does he?hadbetter用should或hadWehadbettergorightnow,shouldntwe/hadntwe?“wouldrather+动词原形” “wouldliketo+动词原形”用wouldntYoudliketohavesomebananas,wouldntyou?I amArent IIamyourfriend,arentI?Letmewillyou或mayI ：Letmehelpyou,mayI?LetsshallweLetsgoforawalk,shallwe?letuswillyouLetusdoitbyourselves,willyou?Let接第三人称willyouLethimcomein,willyou?感叹句Isnt it/arent ?Whatfineweather,isntit?否定的祈使句willyou或canyou ：Dontmakeanoise,will/canyou?表示邀请,请求的祈使句willyouwontyou/wouldyouComehere,willyou?Turnoffthelight,willyou?表示告诉别人做某事的祈使句willyou、canyou、wouldyou或cantyou、wontyou ：Stoptalking,canyou?Writedownthenewwords,willyou/wontyou?5. 谓语不一致的若干情况如下（需牢记）：前谓语后谓语例句have(有)have或doMaryhastwobrothers,doesntshe/hasntshe?have(有)与陈述部分一致Hehasntalotoftime,hashe?have不做“有”用doTheyallhaveagoodtime,dontthey?haveto用do或haveWehavetogetupearly,dontwe/haventwe?havegotto用haveWehavegottoanswerallthequestions,haventwe?hadbetter用should或hadWehadbettergorightnow,shouldntwe/hadntwe?maymay主语+notTheymaybeherenextweek,maytheynot?must(必须)用needntYoumustdoittoday,needntyou?must(应该)用mustntImuststudyhard,mustntI?mustnt用must或mayYoumustnttalklikethat,mustyou?实义动词need和dear用doHeneedshelp,doesnthe?情态动词need和dear用need和dearHedarenotsayso,darehe?neednt用need或mustHeneedntdothat,musthe?“wouldrather+动词原形” “wouldliketo+动词原形”用wouldntYoudliketohavesomebananas,wouldntyou?“oughtto+动词原形”用oughtnt或shouldntWeoughttogothere,shouldntwe?“usedto+动词原形”“didnt+主语”“usednt主语”HeusedtoliveinLondon,usednthe/didnthe?三、快速记忆表 陈述部分的谓语 疑问部分 I arent I Wish may +主语 no,nothing,nobody,never, few, seldom, hardly, 肯定含义 rarely, little等否定 含义的词 ought to（肯定的） shouldnt/ oughtnt +主语 have to+v.(had to+v.) dont +主语(didnt +主语) used to didnt +主语或 usednt +主语 had better + v. hadnt you would rather + v. wouldnt +主语 youd like to + v. wouldnt +主语 must 根据实际情况而定 感叹句中 be +主语 Neithernor, eitheror 连接的根据其实际逻辑意义而定 并列主语 指示代词或不定代词 everything,that, 主语用it nothing,this 并列复合句 谓语根据邻近从句的谓语而定 定语从句,宾语从句的 主从复合句 根据主句的谓语而定 think,believe,expect, suppose,imagine等引导 与宾语从句相 的从句 everybody,anyone, somebody,nobody,no one 复数they, 单数he 情态动词dare或need need (dare ) +主语 dare, need 为实义动词 do +主语 省去主语的祈使句 will you？ Lets 开头的祈使句 Shall we? Let us 开头的祈使句 Will you? there be 相应的谓语动词+there(省略主语代词） 否定前缀不能视为否定词 仍用否定形式 must表推测 根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句初中英语语法之反义疑问句注意一、反义疑问句是疑问句的一种，它对陈述部分的事实提出相反的疑问，形式上是一个省略问句，附加在陈述句后，即：陈述句+逗号+省略问句+问号YouarefromAmerica,arentyou?注意二、遵循前否定后肯定或前肯定后否定的原则（但在祈使句等一些特殊句子中需注意，详细见注意七）JimisntinClassFour,ishe?注意三、附加疑问句必须前后两句主语相同MrZhanghasbeenhereforfouryears,hasnthe?注意四、附加疑问句部分与主语不一致的若干情况如下（需牢记）1this或that改it，无论是否指人Thisisyourbrother,isntit?2.these或those改theyThosearebooks, arentthey?3.不定代词one改one或heOnecantbealwaysyoung,canone/he?4.something、anything、everything和nothing改itNothingisserious,isit?(注意为什么后面用isit而不是isntit?)Everythingseemsallright,doesntit?5.everybody、everyone、somebody、someone、anybody、anyone、nobody改they或he（任选，但选定后注意单复数形式）Everyoneknowsthis,dontthey/doesnthe?Nobodylikestolosemoney,doeshe?(这里最好用he)6.eachof改he或theyEachoftheboyshadanapple,didnthe/they?7.noone,none,neither,either改they或heNoonecame,didthey?8.someof、noneof改it、they或you（联系上下文或句子）Noneofthefoodwasdelicious,wasit?Someofthedustmenhavecomeback,haventthey?9.由neithernor、notonlybutalso、bothand、eitheror、notbut、or、and等连接的并列主语，改复数代词NeitheryounorIamwrong,arewe?BothTomandJackcame,didntthey?10.由动词不定式、动名词、从句或词组构成的主语，改itTolearnEnglishwellisnteasy,isit?Swimmingisgreatfun,isntit?11.the+形容词表示一类人，改复数代词Thepoorhadnoright(权力)tospeakatthetime,didthey?12.there引起的句子（Therebe句型等），仍用thereTherestandsahouseandalotoftrees,doesntthere?Therearemanychildreninthepark,arentthere?注意五、附加疑问句部分与谓语不一致的若干情况如下（需牢记）(初中阶段14点18点和19点可以常识性了解)1.have(有)改have或doMaryhastwobrothers,doesntshe/hasntshe?2.have(有)必须与陈述部分一致Hehasntalotoftime,hashe?MissGreendoesnthaveanymoneyinherpocket,doesshe?3.have不做“有”解释，必须用doTheyallhaveagoodtime,dontthey?4.haveto用do或haveWehavetogetupearly,dontwe/haventwe?5.havegotto用haveWehavegottoanswerallthequestions,haventwe?6.hadbetter用should或hadWehadbettergorightnow,shouldntwe/hadntwe?7.cant（不可能，表示推测）根据cant或的动词选择相应的形式Hecantbeadoctor,ishe?Theworkerscanthavefinishedtheirwork,havethey?8.may用may+主语+not（英语中不用maynt）Theymaybeherenextweek,maytheynot?9.must(必须)用needntYoumustdoittoday,needntyou?10.must(应该)用mustntImuststudyhard,mustntI?11.mustnt用must或mayYoumustnttalklikethat,mustyou?Wemustntstayhereanylonger,mustwe?12.“mustbe”对现在情况进行推测作一般现在时或现在进行时的附加疑问句进行处理2反义疑问句Hemustbehappy,isnthe?Hemustbeworkinghardattheoffice,isnthe?must表示推测时，也有用mustnt的Hemusthavebeenworkingveryhard,mustnthe?YoumusthavetoldMrWangthesecret,mustntyou?13.“must+完成时”表示对过去情况的推测，作一般过去时附加疑问句处理Hemusthavecomeyesterday,didnthe?Youmusthaveseentheplaylastweek,didntyou?14.“must+完成时”用来推测过去的动作持续到现在按现在完成时的附加疑问句来处理YoumusthavestudiedEnglishforyears,haventyou?Hemusthavelivedhereforatleasttenyears,hasnthe?14.实义动词need和dear用doHeneedshelp,doesnthe?Ihaveneverdaredtoaskhim,haveI?15.情态动词need和dear用need和dearHedarenotsayso,darehe?Weneednotdoitagain,needwe?16.neednt用need或mustYouneedntgoyet,needyou?Heneedntdothat,musthe?17.“wouldrather+动词原形”和“wouldliketo+动词原形”用wouldntHewouldratherreadthetexttentimesthanreciteit,wouldnthe?Youdliketohavesomebananas,wouldntyou?18.“oughtto+动词原形”用oughtnt或shouldntThechildoughttobepunished,oughtnthe?Weoughttogothere,shouldntwe?19.“usedto+动词原形”用“didnt+主语”或“usednt+主语”或“used+主语+not”HeusedtoliveinLondon,usednthe/didnthe?Heusedtoplayfootballwhenhewasachild,usedhenot?注意六：句子中有seldom,hardly,no,not,never,few,little,nothing,nobody,nowhere等是否定句,附加疑问部分必须采用肯定形式NobodyphonedwhileIwasout,didthey?Heishardlyabletoswim,ishe?Thereislittleinkinyourpen,isthere?noone,nobody,none,nothing,neither等作动词的宾语时,附加疑问部分一般采用肯定形式(也偶尔用否定形式)Hehasnothingtosay,does(nt)he?Yougotnothingfromhim,did(nt)you?注意七、一些特殊句型的附加疑问句1.Iam改arentIIamyourfriend,arentI?2.Iwishtodosth或IwishI改mayIIwishtogohome,mayI?IwishIwereyou,mayI?3.主从复合句,与主句的主谓语保持一致HesaysthatIdidit,doesnthe?Davidwouldntgothereifitrained,wouldhe?4.并列句,与邻近的分句保持一致Maryisanicegirl,butshehadoneshort-coming,hadntshe?5.表示邀请,请求的祈使句,附加疑问部分用willyou或wontyou或wouldyou等,一般只要记住willyou就可以了,不遵循前否定后肯定或前肯定后否定的原则Comehere,willyou?Turnoffthelight,willyou?Dositdown,willyou?6.表示告诉别人做某事的祈使句，用willyou、canyou、wouldyou或cantyou、wontyouStoptalking,canyou?Writedownthenewwords,willyou/wontyou?7.否定的祈使句用willyou或canyouDontmakeanoise,will/canyou?8.Letme用willyou或mayILetmehelpyou,mayI?Letmedoit,willyou?9.Lets表示建议包括听话人在内，用shallweLetsgoforawalk,shallwe?10.letus表示允许，不包括听话人在内，用willyouLetusdoitbyourselves,willyou?11.Let接第三人称宾语时用willyouLethimcomein,willyou?12.Letsnot用OK或allrightLetsnotgototheparty,OK/allright?13.感叹句用一般现在时be的形式（故事中用一般过去时be的形式）Whatfineweather,isntit?Howclevertheboyis,isnthe?Howhardsheworks,isntshe?反意疑问句习题 一、单选：(每题1分，共30分)1、Few of them hurt themselves in the accident last night,_A. dont they B. didnt they C. did they D. do they2、 -Youve never seen dinosaur eggs, have you ?-_. How I wish to visit the Dinosaur World.A. Yes, I have B. No, I havent C. Certainly, I have D. Of course, I havent3、His sister had a bad cough, _she?A. wasnt B. doesnt C. hadnt D. didnt4、Mr. Green went to Shenzhen on business last week,_?A. isnt he B. doesnt he C. didnt he D. hasnt he5、 ohn can hardly understand any Chinese, _he?A. Cant B. doesnt C. can D. does6、Dont smoke in the meeting-room,_?A. do you B. will you C. can you D. could you7、Lucy, you clean the blackboard today,_A. do you B. did you C. will you D. can you8、 Miss Cheng will never forget her first visit to Canada ,_?A. will she B. wont she C. isnt she d. wasnt she9、The lady couldnt say a word when she saw the snake,_?A. could the lady B. couldnt the lady C. could she D. couldnt she10、-_sweater is this?-I think its Peters.A. Who B. What C. Which D. Whose11、-_I go and meet you at the airport?-No ,thanks, dear . I can take a taxi home.A. Will B. Do C. Shall D. Should12、-_is the Confucian Temple(孔庙) from here?-Its about 10 minuters walk.A. How many B. How long C. How much D. How far13、-_may I keep these book?-two weeks.A. How often B. How far C. How long D. How soon14、Tina is unhappy now,_?A. isnt she B. is she C. is he D.did she15、-_you _TV at the moment?-No ,you can turn it off.A. Did, watch B. Are ,watching C. Do ,watch D. Have , watched16、-_do you go to Hong Kong?-sorry , Ive never been there.A. How long B. How often C. How far D. How soon17、A: _you ever _ the Great Wall?B: Only once.A. Did ,go B. Have , been to C. Have ,gone to D. Have ,been in18、-You lent me some money a few months ago.-_? I dont remember lending you any money .A. Did I B. Did you C. Do I D. Do you19、-_is it from here to Yancheng Railway Station?-About two kilometers.A. How often B. How far C. How soon D. How long20、-Are you going to borrow a dictionary or a magazine?-_.A. Yes, a dictionary B. No, a magazine C. A dictionary D. Yes both21、My uncle has never been to a foreign country,_?A. has he B. does he C. hasnt he D. doesnt he22、There is some water in that bottle, isnt _A. there B. it C. that D.those23、-_will the foreign students be back from NanJing.-In two days, I think .A. How soon B. How often C. How far D. How fast24、-Have you seen the film Return Of the King ?-_. I going to see it tonight.A. No , I didnt B. Yes ,I do C. Yes ,I have D. Not yet25、-John, will you please paint the door yellow?-_?A. Why B. What is it C. How is it D. How about26、-Lets go and play football,_?-Thats wonderful.A. will you B. do you C. wont you D. shall we27、-The boy has to stay at home to look after his little sister,_?-Yes, because his mother has gone shopping.A. does he B. is he C. doesnt he D. hasnt he28、-You wont follow his example, will you ?-_,I dont think he is right.A. No, I wont B. Yes, I will C. No, I will D. Yes, I wont29、-_?-The one behind the tree.A. Whose girl B. Whos that girl C. Which girl D. Wheres the girl30、_the population of china?A. How many B. How much C. Hows D. Whats二、 句型转换，根据要求改写句子。（每题2分，共30分）1、 acy asked him to turn down the radio.(对划线部分提问)_ _ Lucy ask him to do?2、 hey will finish bui