分词作状语 学案.docx

Grammar分词作状语教学目标：1. 明确分词在句子中作状语的各种形式、识别分词作状语的类别。2.正确使用分词作状语。教学重点：“分词作状语”中的高考重难点。教学难点：掌握分词作状语这类句式，并学会造句。Step1. Warming-up1. Review the -ing form as the subject, object, predicative, attribute and object complement by reciting some sentences.2. When should we use non-finite verbs?比较：She got off the busbut_ (leave) her handbag on her seat. She got off the bus,_(leave) her handbag on her seat.Summary:Step2. 分词作状语的基本要点：1. 分词作状语形式的选择完成下面句子：_ moment it saw the cat, the mouse ran off._, the mouse ran off. If it is used with care, one tin will last for six weeks._ with care, one tin will last for six weeks.(BJ2012)Because it was being painted, her house looked in a mess. _, her house looked in a mess. After he waited in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car._ in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car.(FJ08)Although he had been told many times, he still made the same mistake._, he still made the same mistake. Summary: 形式意义doing与句子主语构成 _ 关系，与句中谓语动词 _ 发生having done与句子主语构成 _ 关系，_ 句中谓语动词发生done与句子主语构成 _ 关系 being done与句子主语构成 _ 关系，且与谓语动词 _ 发生，一般作原因状语置于句首having been done与句子主语构成 _ 关系，且 _ 句中谓语动词发生2. 分词作状语的用法：分词或分词短语作状语时一般要用逗号同其他成分隔开，可以作时间、原因、方式、结果、条件、让步、伴随等状语。为了强调，非谓语动词可以和表示时间、条件、方式、让步等的从属连词when, while , until, once, as long as, so long as, unless, if , even if, even though, though, although as if, as though等连用。(1) 表示_，常用于连词when, while, until等之后。 He went through the papers while _. （吃早饭） When _(offer) help, one often says “Thank you” or “Its kind of you”. (FJ05)(2) 相当于because, since, as 引导的_状语从句。 Because he didnt understand this, he asked the teacher about it. _, he asked the teacher about it. _ (defeat) by his deskmate, he felt discouraged.(3) 相当于if, unless等引导的_状语从句。 _ (base) an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later. (2012JS) _ (give) more time, I can finish the work.(4) 相当于though, although, even if等引导的_状语从句。 Though he was warned of the danger, he still went skating on the thin ice. _, he still went skating on the thin ice. _( lack) money, he managed to borrow money and bought the radio.(5) 表示_，这种分词前有时会有thus, only或thereby, 并用逗号同前面的句子成分隔开。 Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus _(cause) the delay .【注意】比较： He hurried to the booking office only _(tell) that all the tickets had been sold out. (SX06)(6) 表示_或_情况，翻译时一般译成并列复合句。 The professor came into the classroom, _(follow) by some students. When we visited my old family home, memory came_( flood) back. (09LN)Step3. 高考重难点： 1. Faced with a bill for $10,000, _. (SX06) A. John has taken an extra jobB. the boss has given John an extra job C. an extra job has been takenD. an extra job has been given to John Summary: 非谓语动词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须与_保持一致。2. 分词的时态（一般式与完成式）：比较： _ (ask) about his family, he made no answer. _(keep) in the cage for half a day, the bird became hungry.Summary: done与having been done都可在句中作状语，与句子的主语构成_关系，但是having been done则_。Ex. 翻译：读了好几遍后，这个深奥的(crabbed)故事看上去容易多了。_3. 有些及物动词的过去分词形容词化了，作状语并不表示被动，而是表示一种状态或结果。Summary：此类形容词化了的及物动词的过去分词：be involved in be satisfied withbe caught in be filled withbe occupied in be equipped withbe engaged in be connected withbe absorbed in be covered withbe dressed in be concerned with/aboutbe lost in thought be faced with be fed up withbe disappointed/ surprised/ astonished at be admitted to be based on be accustomed to be born on/ inbe devoted to be related tobe exposed to Ex._(dress) in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. (HN05) _ and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize. (N06I) A. Surprising B. Surprised C. Being surprised D. To be surprising Being exposed to sunlight for too much time will do harm to ones skin. (S02) _, ones skin will be harmed.（非谓语作状语） Step 4. 能力提升：(writing)Task 1. 翻译：我的家乡罗山位于河南省南部，全县总面积2077平方公里，总人口77万。_Task 2.写一篇100词左右的短文。用以下五个句子写出下列信息点，注意分词作状语的运用（至少在3处使用非谓语作状语）。1. 一天，一个乞丐在路边讨钱 (ask for money)，但是李先生匆忙赶路上班，没有注意到那个乞丐。2. 结