高考英语阅读理解主旨大意专题.ppt

高中英语阅读理解解题指导与训练 Welcome 英语高考大纲中关于阅读理解的要求 要求考生读懂简易的英语文学作品 科普文章 公告 说明 广告以及书 报 杂志中的文章并回答相关问题 题型设置共5篇短文 阅读总量不低于1000词 计40分 阅读理解设题类型 细节理解词义猜测主旨归纳推理判断 1 先读问题 弄清考查要点 以便能带着问题看文章 这样会心中有数 有的放矢 2 快速浏览全文 掌握全貌 注意发现与问题有关的信息 如果时间紧 至少要扫视一下首段和尾段 再把标题和文章内容结合起来想一想 这样全文大意便清楚了 3 细读原文 捕捉勾划相关信息词 掌握短文细节内容 解题时有以下几种方法 4 生僻词汇 不影响做题就忽略 关键生词 即利用上下文猜测其义 5 先易后难 排除干扰 Howtogetthemainidea 主旨归纳题 Characteristicsofthiskindofquestions 主旨大意题主要考查同学们在理解全文的基础上运用概括 判断 归纳 推理等逻辑思维的方法对文章进行高度概括或总结的能力 多就文章的主要内容 主题或标题进行设问 要求学生在理解全文的基础上能较好的运用概括 判断 归纳 推理等逻辑方法 对文章进行高度概括或总结 4 Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage 5 Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitle 6 Thebestheadlineforthepassagewouldbe 7 Whatisthepurposeofthetext 8 What sthemainpurposethewriteristryingtomake Whatisthepassagemainlyabout Whatismainlydiscussedinthetext Thepassagemainlytalksabout Questionforms 1Smokingcigarettesisharmfultoyourhealth Experimentsshowthatcigarettesmokingcancausecancer Besidesthemostseriousandterribledisease illness cancer cigarettesmokingalsocancauseotherhealthproblems Forexample itcangiveonea smoker scough Finally studieshaveshownitiseasyforcigarettesmokerstocatchcolds Whetheryougetanunimportantcoldorterriblekiller cancer smokingisharmful Isitworthit 1minute Smokingcigarettesisharmfultoyourhealth Practice 2Oftennoonelooksmoreguiltythantheinnocent Ontheotherhand nobodymaylookmoreinnocentthanaprofessi onalcriminal Andthemanwhoknows everything mayreallyonlybetryingtohidehisownweakness So itisfoolishtotrytojudgeapersononlybyhisappearance 1minute So itisfoolishtotrytojudgeapersononlybyhisappearance 3Ifyouwereplanningtobuyatelevisionset thefollowingadvertisementwouldcertainlydrawyourattention ColorTV Only 79 Twodayssale Hu rry However whenyougotothestorereadytobuy Youmaydiscoverthattheyaresoldout Buttheshopassistantisquicktotellyouthathehasanothermodel Amuchbettersetwhichis justrightforyou Itcosts 395 Thissalesmethodiscalled bait 引诱 andswitch Buyersarebaitedwithasalesadvertisement andthentheyareswitchedtoanothermoreexpensiveone Buyingthingsonsaleneedscarefulconsiderationofthegoodsandthereasonforthesale 2minutes Theparagraphcouldbeentitled A BuyingATVSetB ASellingMethodC BuyerBewareD TVOnSale Thissalesmethodiscalled baitandswitch detail detail detail 诱售法 4TomstudiedfouryearsattheUniversityofParisanddecidedtoleavebeforehisgraduation HetransferredtotheUniversityofBerlinandgraduatedwithhonors HarvardLawSchooland later BostonCollegeprovidedhimwithanexcellentlegalbackground HeispresentlyacorporationlawyerinMiami Florida 2minutes Themainideaofthisparagraphisthat A Tom whohadstudiedatParisUniversitiesforfouryears movedtoanotheruniversity B TombecamealawyersincehisgraduationfromHarvardLawSchoolandlaterfromBostonCollege C TomwasanexcellentstudentwhenhestudiedatBerlinuniversity D Tomreceivedanexcellenteducation detail detail detail TypesOfParagraphStructures Atthebeginning Attheend Inthemiddle Nocleartopicsentence forexample so therefore Howtogetthemainideaofapassage 5 Magellan smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship MagellanwasfromPortugal buthesailedfortheKingofSpain OnSeptember20 1519 heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men AfterpassingthetripofSouthAmerica theyreachedthePacificOcean onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater Manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases Theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust FinallyinApril1521 MagellangottothePhilippineIslands wherehewaskilled HismenfledandcontinuedtheirvoyageacrosstheIndianOcean ItwaswiththegreatestdifficultythattheypassedtheCapeofGoodHope BythetimetheyreturnedtoSpainonDecember21 1521 sevenoutofeveryeightmenhaddied Magellan svoyageprovedthatmencouldsailaroundtheworldandthatourearthisbutahugeball 4minutes Whichofthefollowingdoyouthinkisthebesttitleforthispassage A Magellan sdeathB GoingAroundTheWorldC TheWorldIsRoundD Magellan sVoyage Magellan smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship Magellan svoyagewasthefirsttriparoundtheworld MagellanwasfromPortugal buthesailedfortheKingofSpain OnSeptember20 1519 heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men AfterpassingthetipofSouthAmerica theyreachedthePacificOcean onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater Manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases Theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust FinallyinApril1521 MagellangottothePhilippineIslands wherehewaskilled HismenfledandcontinuedtheirvoyageacrosstheIndianOcean ItwaswiththegreatestdifficultythattheypassedtheCapeofGoodHope BythetimetheyreturnedtoSpainonDecember21 1521 sevenoutofeveryeightmenhaddied 1 time 2 shipsandpeople 3 route 4 Sufferingsanddifficulties a Lackoffoodandfreshwater b Hungeranddiseases c Deaths TheprocessofMagellan slongdifficultvoyage 5 success Magellan svoyageprovedthatmencouldsailaroundtheworldandthatourearthisbutahugeball Magellan svoyageprovedtheearthisround Magellan smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship MagellanwasfromPortugal buthesailedfortheKingofSpain OnSeptember20 1519 heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men AfterpassingthetipofSouthAmerica theyreachedthePacificOcean onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater Manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases Theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust FinallyinApril1521 MagellangottothePhilippineIslands wherehewaskilled HismenfledandcontinuedtheirvoyageacrosstheIndianOcean ItwaswiththegreatestdifficultythattheypassedtheCapeofGoedHope BythetimetheyreturnedtoSpainonDecember21 1521 sevenoutofeveryeightmenhaddied Magellan svoyageprovedthatmencouldsailaroundtheworldandthatourearthisbutahugeball Paragraph1 Magellan svoyagewasthefirsttriparoundtheworld Paragraph2 TheprocessofMagellan slongdifficultvoyage Paragraph3 Magellan svoyagedprovedtheearthisround Magellan svoyage 5Magellan smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship MagellanwasfromPortugal buthesailedfortheKingofSpain OnSeptember20 1519 heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men AfterpassingthetripofSouthAmerica theyreachedthePacificOcean onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformon