名词性从句教案.doc

名词性从句适用学科英语适用年级高三适用区域江苏译林牛津版教材课时时长（分钟）1课时/60分钟 知识点名词性从句的分类名词性从句的连接词 教学目标知识：1、 掌握名词性从句的类型及特点。2、 掌握名词性从句常见连接词。3、掌握名词性从句的用法要点。方法：要牢记各种名词性从句的构成特点与作用，并能灵活运用。能力：1、 根据各种名词性从句的特点辨别句子类型。2、 能通过句子成分和语境判断名词性从句的连接词。教学重点1、 名词性从句的作用与判断方法。 2、 名词性从句的连接词、连接代词与连接副词。3、 不同类型名词性从句的特点和特殊用法。教学难点1、 名词性从句的句子分析方法和连接词的正确使用。2、 名词性从句的常见考点及易错点。教学过程一、复习预习教师引导学生复习上节课所学内容，主要包括定语从句的类型和关系词的用法（以提问、回顾的形式进行），针对上节课的作业进行讲评、订正、答疑，并通过对基本句型构成的分析扩展和句子成分的作用导入本节课所要学习的名词性从句。检查本节课预习作业。二、知识讲解知识点1：名词性从句的概念和分类。在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、介词宾语、表语、同位语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连接词：that,whether,if（不充当从句的任何成分）连接代词：what, which,who, whose, whatever,whichever, whoever连接副词：when,where,how,why1. 【考查点】主语从句的用法。作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。如：What color he likes is not clear.他喜欢什么颜色还不清楚。How he completed the task has been studied by many experts.很多专家研究过他是如何完成那项任务的。【注意】有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。如：1）It+be+名词+that从句Itisapity(ashame,nowonder,etc.)that2）It+be+形容词+that从句Itisnecessary(important,natural,strange,etc.)that3）It+be+过去分词+that从句Itissuggested(requested,proposed,desired,etc.)that4）It+不及物动词+that从句It matters that2. 【考查点】宾语从句的用法。宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句 (及物动词，介词和形容词后)。如：I think that reading is really important. 我认为阅读确实很重要。We are certain that it is free.我们确信这是免费的。【注意】形式宾语it的用法。1）动词+ it +从句（it没有任何意义）如：I heard it that he had gone abroad. 我当时听说他已经出国了。2）主语+谓语+形式宾语it +宾补+宾语从句如：I feel it a terrible thing that I have to get up so early.我觉得我们得这么早起床非常痛苦。3. 【考查点】表语从句的用法。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样，表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用asif引导。其基本结构为：主语+系动词+that从句。如：The reason was that he didnt work hard. 原因是他没有努力工作。Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.看上去天要下雨了。4. 【考查点】同位语从句的用法。同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。可用于同位语从句的名词有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等。如：Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting.我们赢得这场比赛的消息令人激动。He accepted the fact that he had lost the valuable chance.他接受了已经失去那个宝贵机会的事实。知识点2：名词性从句的连词。引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连接词：that, whether ,if （不充当从句的任何成分）连接代词：what, which, who, whose, whatever, whichever, whoever连接副词：when, where, how, why1. 【考查点】that的用法。由连接词that引导的从句能充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语和形容词宾语。that只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不担任任何成分，本身也没有词义。主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中that均不可省略。宾语从句中一般可以省略that，但若出现多个宾语从句，只能省略第一个that。如：He thinks this movie is wonderful and that he will watch it again.他认为这部电影很精彩，他会再看一遍。【注意】在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist,desire,demand,request,command等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“（should）+动词原形”。如：Iinsistthatshe(should)doherworkalone.我坚持要她自己工作。2. 【考查点】whether和if的用法。从属连词if, whether 引导的名词从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问转化而来的，因此也分别被称为yes-no型疑问句从句和选择型疑问从句，其功能和wh-从句的功能相同。如：Whether the plan is feasible remains to be proved. 这一计划是否可行还有等证实。【注意】只能用whether的情况。1）引导主语从句并在句首时；2）引导表语从句时；3）引导从句作介词宾语时；4）从句后有“ornot”时；5）后接动词不定式时。如：Whetherthereislifeonthemoonisaninterestingquestion.月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。Everythingdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughmoney.一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。3. 【考查点】名词性从句的语序。whom,which,whose,what,when,where,why,how,whoever,whatever,whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。如：Iwanttoknowwhatheis doing.我想知道他正在做什么。4. 【考查点】宾语从句中的时态。当主句动词是现在时，从句根据自身的句子情况，而使用不同时态。当主句动词是过去时态（could,would除外），从句则要用相应的过去时态，如一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时等；当从句表示的是客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，则从句仍用现在时态。如：Iknow(that)hewillstudyEnglishnextyear. 我知道他明年会学英语。TheteachertoldusthatTomhadleftusforAmerica.老师告诉我们汤姆已经离开我们去美国了。5. 【易错点】宾语从句的否定转移。think,believe,imagine,suppose等等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中，要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中。如：Wedontthinkyouareright.我们认为你不对。三、例题精析【例题1】His success was because of _ he had been working hard.A. that B. the fact which C. the fact that D. the fact【答案】：C【解析】：本题考查同位语从句。Because of应加名词the fact，后面的从句指fact的内容且从句成分完整、语气确定，应用连接词that，故选C。【例题2】“Whydidyougotothewrongclass,Mr.Wang?”“Well,Iforget_Iwassupposedtogoto.”A.whichtheroom B.whichroom C.whatwastheroom D.whatroomwasit【答案】： B【解析】： 本题考查宾语从句。根据语境，王先生走错了教室，说明是在几个教室这一范围中，所以要用连接代词which，这里不需要定冠词，故选B。【例题3】Is Mary from New York City? I dont know _.A. from what city does she come from B. from what city she comeC. what city does she come from D. what city she comes from【答案】：D 【解析】：本题考查宾语从句。我不知道她来自哪个城市，所以应用连接代词what city，宾语从句中要用陈述句语序，故选D。【例题4】Iamsure_hesaidistrue.A.that B.aboutthat C.ofthat D.thatwhat【答案】：D【解析】：本题考查宾语从句。I am sure可以直接加that引导的宾语从句，从句中包含主语从句，he said缺少宾语，要用关系代词what，故选D。 【例题5】_ Tom liked to eat was different from _.A. Thatthat you had expected B. What that you had expectedC. Thatwhat you had expected D. Whatwhat you had expected【答案】：D【解析】：本题考查主语从句和宾语从句。首先，主语从句中eat缺少宾语，要用关系代词what，介词from后面是宾语从句，expected缺少宾语，要用关系代词what，故选D。四、课堂运用【基础】1. Theycametotheconclusion_byacomputer.A.thatnotallthingscanbedone B.becauseofnotallthingsbedoneC.beingnotallthingscanbedone D.becausenotallthingscanbedone2.Hissuccesswasbecauseof_hehadbeenworkinghard.A.that B.thefactwhich C.thefactthat D.thefact3. The reason why I didnt go to Shanghai was _ a new job.A I got B. because of getting C. because I got D. that I got4.Sheispleasedwithwhatyouhavegivenhimand_youhavetoldhim.A.that B.which C.allwhat D.allthat【巩固】5. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey.A. while B. that C. if D. for6. These computers are different from _.A. that we expected B. what we expectedC. which we have expected D. what we expect7.Wegavehim_helpwecould.A.which B.what C.that D.this【拔高】8. _ is no reason for dismissing her.A. Because she was a few minutes late B. Owing to a few minutes lateC. The fact that she was a few minutes late D. Being a few minutes late9.ThesubjectofWhatisinterestingisthatIdonotevenknowhim.is_.A.what B.interesting C.Whatisinteresting D.I10. One of the men held the view _ the book said was right.A. what that B. that what C. that which D. which that解法及答案：1. A考查同位语从句。题干中conclusion之后的从句not all things can be done成分完整、语气确定，所以应用连接词that，故选A。2. C考查同位语从句。题干中because of应接名词性短语，所以要用fact，后面的从句是fact的内容，并且不缺成分，所以用that引导，故选C。3. D考查表语从句。题干中why引导定语从句，主干The reason was后面的表语从句为I got a new job，不缺成分，需用连接词that，故选D。4. D考查宾语从句。She is pleased with后面有两个并列的宾语。第二个宾语all同时被定语从句修饰，从句中that做关系代词，做told的直接宾语，故选D。5. B考查主语从句。题干中it做形式主语，真正的主语her hair was turning grey不缺成分，所以要用关系词that，故选B。6. B考查宾语从句。主干中from后面宾语从句we expect缺少宾语，所以要用关系代词what，根据句意期盼发生在过去，故选B。7. B考查宾语从句。主干中gave him后面应为直接宾语，从句中we could缺宾语，这里没有范围，需用连接代词what，故选B。8. C考查主语从句。本题is前面缺少主语，A是原因状语从句，B作原因状语，D的逻辑主语是她，所以不能作为原因。C项指fact，意为这个事实不是开除她的原因，故选C。9. C考查主语从句。题干中主语是What is interesting，系动词为is，后面为表语从句I do not even know him.10. B考查同位语从句。题干中view后面的从句那本书所说的是对的做同位语从句，成分完整、语气肯定，所以用连接词that，后面the book said做主语从句，缺少宾语，要用连接代词what，故选B。课程小结本节课主要围绕名词性从句的基本要点进行讲解，即：名词性从句的概念、分类，名词性从句的连接词和成分分析。需要重点掌握的是名词性从句的判断及如何根据语境选择正确的连接词。此外，与名词性从句相关的知识点可能涉及主谓一致、倒装、与其他从句的区分等语法要点，尤其是在单选和任务型阅读等题型中，因此这一考点需要重要掌握。近年高考对语法点的考查往往是结合在语境中的，因此，学生在做题过程中需要分析句子结构，结合语境判断题目，灵活地运用语法知识。课后作业【基础】1. _wegoswimmingeveryday_usalotofgood.A.Ifdo B.Thatdo C.Ifdoes D.Thatdoes2.Why the explosion occurred was _ the laboratory attendant had been careless.A. for B. because C. since D. that3.Thecityisnolonger_.A.whatitis B.thatitusedtobe C.whichitwas D.whatitusedtobe 4. I dont doubt _ hell come.A. that B. if C. what D. whether【巩固】5. Output is now six times _ it was before liberation.A. that B. which C. what D. of which6.Myparentsused_theyhadtogetanewcarforme.A.which B.that C.what D.allwhat7. Mary: Helen is a mere washer woman, yet shes now buying a big house.Carol: Yes. Because shes always saved _.A. what little she earns B. how little she earnsC. for little she e