人教版九年级英语U1讲义.doc

九年级英语单元讲义U1 How do you study for a test?一、单元语法要点1. 复习用how来询问做事方式，学习用 “动词+ by + doing” 表示 “方式、方法”。2. 复习提建议的方法。3. 复习现在完成时 4. 学习不定式to do和动名词doing 的用法阅读下面的对话，并从对话中找出“单元语法要点”中的四个要点A：How long have you studied English? B：I have studied English for six years. A：Are you interested in studying English? B：Yes, I enjoy studying English. A：How do you study English? B：I study English by watching English movies. A：Would you like to give me some advice to learn English? B：Id love to. I think you should read English every morning. A：Thanks a lot.B：Its my pleasure. 中考真题小试身手（1）I study math by _ lots of exercises. A. did B. doing C. do D. to do（2 _ do you study for tests? A. How B. Who C. When D. Why（3）The young man learnt English well _ talking with others in English. A. inB. onC. withD. by（4）How long have you _ English. A. learnB. learningC. learnedD. to learn（5）Im good at playing table tennis and_ English. A. speakB. speaking C. spokeD. to speak（6）Why dont you _ English by_ to tapes.A. to study; listening B. studying; listening C. study; listening D. studying; listen二、单元考点语法小结：1、什么时候用doing? be动词后用doing：am/is/are/was/were/been+doing ； 介词后用doing作宾语，如：at/by/in/on/of/off/up/with/without等+doing； 某些动词后只能用doing作宾语。如：finish, enjoy, mind, keep, practice, suggest, stand(忍受), spend 等+doing; 作从句的主语：I think that swimming is fun. 位于句首作主语：swimming is fun.注意：动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数，如：Listening to music makes me happy.2、什么时候用to do? 某些动词后只能用to do作宾语，如：decide, plan, hope, wish, learn, want等+to do; 以下句子结构中用to do (it作形式主语或形式宾语，to do是真正的主语)Its + adj. /名词短语+ for sb. to do sth. 做某事是怎样的。Its interesting to sing. / Its a good idea to visit Tibet.It takes sb.+时间+to do. 做某事花了某人多长时间。It takes me an hour to read English every morning.Sb. find it + adj. + to do 某人发现做某事是怎样的。I find it impossible to see her again. 表目的“为了” She gets up early to get the first bus every day.3、细节辨析(1) doing和to do均可位于句首作主语，一般情况下可互换, 但侧重表普遍行为或已成事实的用动名词doing, 表即将或将来发生的行为用不定式to do; _ (eat) some vegetables every day is good for our health._ (know) the result of this English test makes me frustrated._ (be) a teacher in the future is my dream.(2) 部分动词后可跟不定式, 也可跟动名词, 但意思不同: stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事 stop doing sth. 停止(正在做的)某事 Please stop _ (talk). You should stop _ (listen) to me now. like/love/dislike/hate/prefer doing sth. 喜欢/爱/不喜欢/恨/更喜欢做某事(长时间习惯性动作) like/love/dislike/hate/prefer to do sth. 喜欢/很想/不想/不愿/更愿意要做某事(某一次的意愿) Its too hot now. I like _ (swim) in the river. At the moment I hate _ (see) the P.E. teacher. I like _ (play) sports, but I prefer _ (watch) games on TV. remember/forget to do sth. 记得/忘记要去做某事 remember/forget doing sth. 记得/忘记曾经做过某事 I still remember _ (watch) the third basketball match next week. She has forgot _ (borrow) some money from you and that she will never return the money to you.(3) start, begin, continue后即可跟动名词doing, 又可跟不定式to do做宾语, 且意思差不多, 但这类动词在本身带有-ing时, 后面只跟不定式 The old man started/began _/_ (hiccup) in August 2008. Lets continue _/_ (talk) about our school life. They are starting _ (skate) now.三、考点词汇近义词辨析1. by, in, on, with等表示“通过;用”等之意时的区别运用(1) by doing sth. “通过做某事”，此时by后跟动名词(短语)。(2) 表示“乘坐某种交通工具”时, 可用介词by, on, in by + 交通工具单数(中间不加任何词)by bus on/in + 限定词 + 交通工具(单数或复数)，敞开式交通工具用on; 封闭式用in in a car on foot The Greens are going to the farm _ their bikes. Last year he came to Kunming _ a plane. His bike was lost yesterday, so he had to go home _ foot./_ bus.(3) 表示“用某种语言“或 “用某种方法”, 用介词inYou cant understand what they are saying, because they are talking _ Japanese.You must do some reading in the morning and do much homework. _ this way, you can improve your English.(4) 表示“通过电视, 广播, 电话, 互联网”等, 用on (TV前不加冠词, 其他前面加冠词)I think Mr. Mu has got the information _ the Internet.I have learnt several English songs _ BBC.They are talking _ (通过电话).I dislike watching soup operas _ (通过电视).(5) 表示“使用某一具体有形工具(除交通工具)或用人的手、脚”等时, 用with (工具和五官前要有修饰语) The boy has no hands. He has to write _ his mouth. Youd better not do your homework _ a pencil next time.2. aloud, loud, loudly (1). aloud ：无比较级，常和read连用, 强调为使人听见而发声, 声音不一定很大;(2). loud和loudly都有 “响亮地；大声地”之意, 有时可互换, 但比较级用louder, 常和speak, talk, laugh, say, shout等连用, loud要置于动词之后, loudly置于动词前后皆可, 含有 “喧闹”之意。 She has a good pronunciation when she reads . In order to be heard, the teacher speaks and clear. Dont talk so .(3). loud还可做形容词 a loud voice3. sometime, some time, sometimes, some timessometime：过去或将来某个不确定的时间，简称“某时”(与过去时或将来时连用)some time：一段时间；一些时间 sometimes：有时；偶尔some times：几次；几倍 I have been to Beijing _. Last year, I _ watched TV at night, but this year, things are different, I have to study all night. Will you come here _ next week? Ill stay in Kunming for _.词汇扩展1. pronunciation n. 发音；发音法C pronounce v. 发音 When you _ the word “record”, you should pay attention to its two _.2. solution n. 解决方法；解答 solve v. 解决 a solution to .的解决方法 the solution to the pollution Have you got a solution _ your improvement of spoken English?3. learner n. 学习者；初学者 learn v. 学习4. realize v. 认识到；了解到 realistic adj. 现实的；实事求是的 reality n. 现实；事实 I have to _ that Im not _ and that I should be back to _.5. impress v. 使感动；给极深的印象 impression n. 印象 impressed 感动的 The old lady was very _. She _ me as being very rude.6. frustrate v. 使失望；使沮丧 frustrated adj. 感到失望的, 沮丧的(修饰人) frustrating adj. 令人失望的(修饰物) The result _ me, and now my parents also feel _. Oh, I dont want to think of the _ result.7. unless conj. 如果不, 除非 = ifnot (主将从现)We cant do well in the exam unless we study for it. = We cant do well in the exam if we dont study for it.My baby sister never cries unless she is hungry. 我刚出生的妹妹除非饿了, 否则她是从来不哭的。I will go to see you unless Im too busy tomorrow. 如果我不太忙, 明天我去看你。四、考点短语1. be afraid to do sth. 害怕去做某事 be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事 (强调害怕做某事所带来的后果) be afraid of sb./sth. 害怕某人/某物 be afraid that + 宾从：恐怕(某事是怎样的) Tommy _ _ _ touch the dog when he was a child. The little girl _ _ _ going out herself at night. I _ _ _ you are wrong.2. deal with = do with 处理, 料理(deal with与how连用, do with与what连用) How will you deal with the letter? = What will you do with the letter? How did you _ _ your old bike? = _ ?3. make a mistake=make mistakes 犯错误 Tom made a lot of mistakes in the English exam. make mistakes in sth./doing sth. 在某方面犯错误 Li Yang is very careless. He often makes mistakes in _ (spell). by mistake 错误地(做了某事) I took your pen _ _ .在安全生产高压态势下，他由测量施工岗位转战到分公司安全管理工作and due diligence evaluations article 22nd head office, branch (jurisdiction), risk management, marketing management branch within the Departments credit business person assumed responsibility for the supervision and inspection and due diligence evaluations. Article 23rd, Head Office, branches (jurisdiction), risk management, Marketing Management Department through on-site and off-site inspection, investigation report, interviews with investigators for pre-loan investigation work by way of conducting supervision and inspection, quality evaluation pre-loan investigation work, and based on the evaluation results, the implementation of diversity management. 24th the control and inspection (a) the implementation of the credit system: there is no breach of credit policy relating to the granting of credit and the head office; (B) dual credit rating: timeliness of ratings, whether the provisions of the rating, rating results are accurate; (C) the survey contents: data collection is complete, report writing is comprehensive, indicators analysis is objective, real, conclusions and the facts are consistent and reasonable; (D) double implementation of investigations system: practical implementation of double system; (E) other supervision and inspection of the contents. 25th due diligence evaluation offices and branches (jurisdiction), risk management, Marketing Management Department agreed to carry out pre-loan investigation supervision and inspection work, evaluate whether investigators due diligence to determine whether the exemption should be. Investigators should be compatible with. Due diligence assessment should be based on the fact that, following the principles of objectivity, impartiality and fairness. Article 26th head54. look up (in the dictionary)： (在字典里)查阅5. end up sth./doing sth. 结束做某事6. make up：编造(句子、谎言、故事、借口等)7. get excited about sth./doing sth. 对感到兴奋8. have trouble/difficulty/problem/a hard time (in) doing sth./with sth. :_ 9. have fun/ a good time (in) doing sth./with sth. :_ 10. practice sth./doing sth :_ 11. laugh at :_ 13. take notes :_ 14. to begin with :_ 15. study for test :_ 16. the best way to do sth. :_ 17. watch sb. do sth. :_ 18. watch sb. doing sth. :_ 19. join the English club :_ 20. listen to tapes :_ 21. later on :_ 12. read aloud :_ 22. speak louder :_ 五、重、难点句子1. How about doing sth.? = ?2. Why not do sth.? = ?3. He thinks studying grammar is a great way to learn a language. 用波浪线划出宾语从句。 动名词studying作从句的主语时，谓语动词用 翻译：毛毛认为学英语是简单的。 4. Worrying about out problems affects how we do at school. 用波浪线划出宾语从句。5. She said that memorizing the new words of pop songs also helped a little. 用波浪线划出宾语从句。动名词短语作从句的 6. He thinks studying grammar is a great way to learn a language. 用波浪线划出宾语从句。从句的主语是 7. He also thinks that watching English movies isnt a bad way because he can watch the actors say the words. 划线句子是 从句。从句的主语是 小结：以上从句的主语有什么共同点？ 8. First of all, it wasnt easy for me to understand the teacher when she talked. 划线部分的句子结构是：It is + adj. for sb. to do sth. 翻译：对豆豆来说学英语是困难的。Its hard/difficult for Dou Dou to learn English.六、还课练习 单项选择1) Many students asked the teacher _ the time of the test. A. forB. toC. about2) I got an A this term, so my teacher was _. A. impressedB. impressingC. impress3) When we practice English speaking, we often end up _in Chinese. A. speak B. spokenC. speaking4) Dont laugh _ others. You should help them when they are in trouble. A. atB. to C. of5) He finds it hard . A. doesB. doC. to doD. doing6) What about _ aloud to practice pronunciation? A. readB. readingC. to readD. reads7) Why dont you _ to cassettes? A. listeningB. listenC. listenedD. to listen8) Lucy thinks that _ English movies _a good way.A. watch; is B. watched; isC. watching; areD. watching; is9) It was very important for me