2003年1月研究生英语学位课统考真题

2003年年1月研究生英语学位课统考真题月研究生英语学位课统考真题 Part II VOCABULARY 10 minutes 10 points Section A 0 5 point each 21 The hypothesis that language determines thought suggested by Sapir and Whorf is well known to linguists A synthesis B conviction C fallacy D proposition 22 Some comets reappear into sight after an elapse of as long as sixty years A disappearance B interval C passage D eclipse 23 To stay in shape many middle aged women have taken to working out in their spare time A dieting B overworking C exercising D wandering 24 Mandela former president of South Africa has distinguished himself by fighting racial segregation A separation B discriminationC unificationD opposition 25 Victims of mot ion sickness suffer from a sensation of cold when riding in a fine car A sentiment B feeling C sensitivity D emotion 26 There are various hierarchies of structures inside a linguistic system For example sentences consist of phrases that can be segmented into individual words A criteria B organizationsC levels D standards 27 To maintain social order the government has to inflict punishments on lawbreakers A impose B compose C dispose D expose 28 Seeing the darkening sky she quickened her steps and made for the nearest subway station A ran into B headed for C searched for D passed by 29 It stands to reason to say that a girl takes after her father while a son his mother A looks after B cares for C learns from D looks like 30 Computers are playing an unprecedented role in the development of modern technology A unguidedB unrelievedC unexampled D unexpected Section B 0 5 point each 31 Social relations are developed when peopleeach other at work or in business A fall back on B count onC interact with D cope with 32 Construction of tall buildings is forbidden around here to further expansion of the airport A account for B fall forC take forD allow for 33 The ability to see things inrequires profound knowledge and impartial judgment A prospect B perspective C respectD suspect 34 Successful development of inexpensive drugs for AIDS has much for thousands of HIV patients A influence B complication C specification D implication 35 Senior citizens especially those above 70 are to some privileges in many countries A enforced B engaged C entitled D enabled 36 Project Hope has succeeded in preventing school pupils from in poverty stricken areas A leaving outB dropping out C setting out D looking out 37 Vocabulary treatment in this dictionary is clear and readable sufficiently detailed and admirably A complicated B primitive C promising D current 38 Thanks to statesmen of great China is well on her way to becoming a world power A vision B sight C view D spectacle 39 Good biographies can help the barriers of time so that what happened to Abraham Lincoln becomes now as long as you read about him A break up B break out C break intoD break down 40 The importance ofcan never be neglected when it comes to fulfilling one s military missions A popularity B peculiarity C punctuality D potentiality Part III CLOZE TEST 10 minutes 15 points 1 point each Directions There are 15 questions in this part of the test Read the passage through Then go back and choose one suitable word or phrase marked A B C or D for each blank in the passage Mark the corresponding Letter of the word or phrase you have chosen with a single bar across the square brackets on your Answer Sheet The song of crickets 蟋蟀 captures the attention of millions of people worldwide How does this small creature sing and for what purpose Interestingly among the approximately 2 400 4l of crickets only the males sing or chirp 42 doing so from their throats male crickets make music with their wings One expert explains that male crickets chirp by rubbing part of one forewing a long 43 about 50 to 250 teeth on the opposite forewing The frequency of the chirps depends on the number of teeth 44 per second The vibrations fill the air with the distinctive song of the cricket But surely the male cricket does not sing simply to 45 his human listeners No indeed The intended audience of this musician is a 46 mate The book Exploring the Secret of Nature explains In his quest for a mate the male cricket a skilled 47 sings three different songs one to advertise his presence another to court and the other to threaten unwanted competitors Some crickets continue to sing to advertise their presence 48 a female cricket shows interest Hearing the song through the ears on her forelegs the female is not 49 to carry on a long distance courtship As she approaches the 50 of the chirping the male cricket will begin to sing a continuous trill 颤音 the courtship song This attracts tile female to him and the two crickets mate 41 A series B species C system D session 42 A As for B Due to C Based on D Rather than 43 A a group of B a flock of C a row of D a bunch of 44 A struck B strike C stroked D stroke 45 A abuse B accuse C annoy D amuse 46 A special B potential C initial D critical 47 A companion B communicator C conductor D commander 18 A as long as B because C until D in case 49 A content B controversial C convenient D conscious 50 A presentation B representation C resource D source Part IV READING COMPREHENSION 45 minutes 30 points 1 point each Passage One About four years ago Kerry Sturgill found herself at a career crossroads Should she stay in an industry populated by extroverts 外 向型的人 or jump ship to a more reflective place where introverts like her were in the majority Career counselors had told her to get out of the highly extroverted public relations fields so you can be happy and do what you are Among the less fast paced areas they pointed to art scientific research data analysis Such a move is definitely the right road for many introverts struggling to fit into an extroverted workplace So just what is an introvert anyway It s someone who is energized by thought and reflection while extroverts are energized by socializing Introverts naturally need to think before they speak Extroverts use the speaking process to figure out what it is they want to say And needless to say there are pluses and minuses to both personality types Still in the modern world where as many as two thirds of the population may be extroverted those who are the opposite can be misunderstood They can be seen as antisocial secretive even territorial because they can sometimes try to protect their space and quiet Workplaces can actually benefit from having both types says Deborah Barrett program director of the Rice University MBA communications program An introvert herself she says she has the best of both worlds working in an environment of professors who tend towards introversion yet getting to teach which calls on her more out there skills Here s her advice for those looking to follow the same path Make good use of e mail If you don t get to make a point at a loud meeting send a follow up e mail sharing your thoughts If you don t have an office and are easily distracted by ongoing small talk consider listening to music through headphones But take care not to make your more sociable neighbors feel rejected Sure she says if she had moved to a less stimulating environment that might have short circuited a lot of my pain but I also believe it would have short circuited learning what s made me a much more well rounded person Her main lesson I don t have to be an extrovert I just have to play at being one for an hour 51 According to the career counselors A introverts should try to avoid working in a highly extroverted environment B introverts should try 10 change themselves to fit into an extroverted working environment C extroverts should work in less fast paced areas such as art and scientific research D introverts can be happier if they can find jobs in the field of public relations 52 Which of the following statements is true A People with introverted personality have some disadvantages in finding jobs B People with introverted personality have some advantages in working with others C Both introverted and extroverted people have merits and demerits D Most workplaces need more extroverted people than introverted ones 53 According to the author introverts are sometimes misunderstood because they are A antisocial B reserved C aggressive D queer 54 Deborah Barren believes that teaching is a practice of A reflection B introversionC energizingD socializing 55 By short circuited a lot of my pain in the last paragraph Deborah Barrette means A ruined a lot of her happinessB saved her a lot of trouble C relieved her of a heavy burden D added to her sufferings 56 We can learn from Deborah Barrett s case that introverted people A should not share offices with extroverted ones B are easily irritated by small talk C like to communicate with others via e mails D are reluctant to express their ideas in public Passage Two Last week 29 earnest American high school students were invited to an evening of receiving good words small talk warm toasts and fancy silverware Find out something about the person sitting next to you advised former U S Secretary of State Madeleine Albright Eventually you ll discover they always have something interesting to say And you should always use the proper silverware in the proper order Albright was the guest of honor at the imitated Official Dinner which was a lot like a real official dinner in Washington minus the soft money The evening was sponsored by the St Albans School of Public Services to introduce its first class to the fine art of social survival More than 84 guests including students teachers school donors and speakers gathered to replicate the lifestyle of the rich and political The idea was to teach the social graces that will help students survive any social situation Anyway the whole proper fork thing is overrated Former White House official C Boyden Gray shared his top tips for surviving dinner parties Drink as little as possible until you get to dinner Don t be the first person there or the last person to leave Try to get more out of your dinner partners than they get out of you Every Official Dinner has a greater reason for being State dinners for example are either an opportunity to reward emerging democracies or strengthen old friendships The Official Dinner was intended to show the students an elegant evening in Washington part of the four week intensive summer program to encourage public service The students are from 13 states and two foreign countries The program includes classes on the presidency the courts the media and international affairs The students also debated public policy issues They re still at it at 10 o clock at night said director Mary Waikart That s good practice for Washington isn t it Since there was no band Albright offered herself up as the night s entertainer No singing but stories about her life in diplomacy Being Secretary of State is the best job in the world she said Better than being president because you don t have to deal with the elections 57 Last week a group of high school students were invited to the dinner party A to see the life style of the rich and political B to discuss international and public policy issues C to learn to survive in different social situations D to learn to become the future leaders of the White House 58 According to Madeleine Albright at an official dinner A we should get more information about the host B we should be sociable by talking with others C table manners are not as important as conversing D we should learn to entertain others by telling a story 59 The imitated Official Dinner is different from the real ones in that the former A was held without the participation of important persons B could not get the financial support as easily as the real ones C didn t have as many guests as the real ones D had nothing to do with political and international issues 60 What does the underlined word replicate in paragraph 5 mean A Practice B Exercise C Imitate D Reconstruct 61 According to Boyden Gray at dinner parties you should A listen to others instead of talking too much B drink no alcohol before you go C arrive as early as possible O leave after the parties are over 62 We can conclude from the passage that A there are significant differences between the Official Dinner and other dinner parties B American students like to participate in public services very much C being a secretary of state is the best even better than being a president D the students who were invited to the dinner party were enthusiastic about the program Passage Three Predicting the future is risky business for a scientist It is safe to say however that the global AIDS epidemic will get much worse before it gets any better Sadly this modern plague will be with us for several generations despite major scientific advances As of January 2000 the AIDS epidemic had claimed 15 million lives and left 40 million people living with a viral infection that slowly but relentlessly erodes the immune system Accounting for more than 3 million deaths in the past year alone the AIDS virus has become the deadliest microbe in the world In Africa nearly a dozen countries have a rate higher than 10 including four southern African nations in which a quarter of the people are infected This is like condemning 16 000 people each day to a slow and miserable death Fortunately the AIDS story has not been all gloom and doom Less than two years after AIDS was recognized the guilty agent human immunodeficiency virus or HIV was identified We now know more about HIV than about any other virus and 14 AIDS drugs have been developed and licensed in the U S and Western Europe The epidemic continues to rage however in South America Eastern Europe and sub Saharan Africa By the year 2025 AIDS will be by far the major killer of young Africans decreasing life expectancy to as low as 40 years in some countries and single handedly erasing the public health gains of the past 50 years It is Asia with its huge population at risk that will have the biggest impact on the global spread of AIDS The magnitude of the incidence could range from 100 million to 1 billion depending largely on what happens in India and China Four million people have already become HIV positive in India and infection is likely to reach several percent in a population of 1 billion Half a million Chinese are now infected the path of China s epidemic however is less certain An explosive AIDS epidemic in the U S is unlikely Instead HIV infection will continue to plague in about 0 5 of the population But the complexion of the epidemic will change New HIV infections will occur predominantly in the underclass with rates 10 times as high in minority groups Nevertheless American patients will live quality lives for decades thanks to advances in medical research Dozens of powerful and well tolerated AIDS drugs will be developed as will novel means to restore the immune sys tern A cure for AIDS by the year 2025 is not inconceivable But constrained by economic reality these therapeutic advances will have only limited benefit outside the U S and Western Europe 63 Which of the following can be thy best title for this passage A The Spread of HIV Will We Ever Cure AIDS B The Worse Situation of AIDS Will AIDS Ruin the Human Race C The Statistics of AIDS Will AIDS Spread around the World D The Potential of HIV Will Asia Become the Core of AIDS 64 The phrase gloom and doom in paragraph 3 refers to the state of being A obscure and sad B depressing and fatal C ruined and deadlyD miserable and disappointing 65 According to the passage which of the following statements is true A In India the infection rate almost reaches 12 percent of its population B In China about 50 000 people arc infected with HIV C AIDS epidemic had caused 15 000 000 deaths in the whole world by January2000 D In the United States HIV infection will go on to attack about 5 of the whole population 66 As a result of the epidemic of AIDS in Africa A the life span for most of the people has been reduced by 10 years B most young people have been infected with human immunodeficiency virus C people will have to learn to live with the disease for over 50 years D the achievements made in preserving people s health in the past will be wiped off 67 The passage tells us that A HIV was found more than two years earlier than AIDS was identified B people know a little more about HIV than about most other viruses C AIDS continues to rage more wildly in Africa than in Asia D HIV will mainly affect the poor and minority groups in the U S 68 According to the author the cure for AIDS will probably lie in A international cooperation B timely education C economic situation D strong will Passage Four Halloween is an annual celebration but just what is it actually a celebration of And how did this peculiar custom originate The word itself Halloween actually has its origins in the Catholic Church It comes from a contracted corruption of All Hallows Eve November 1 All Hollows Day is a Catholic day of observance in honor of saints But in the 5th century BC in Celtic Ireland summer officially ended on October 31 The holiday was called Samhain the Celtic New year One story says that on that day the disembodied spirits of all those who had died throughout the preceding year would come hark in search of living bodies to possess for the next year It was believed to be their only hope for the afterlife The Celts believe all laws of spare and time were suspended during this time allowing the spirit world to intermingle with the living Naturally the still living did not want to be possessed So on the night of October31 villagers would then dress up in all manner of ghost costumes and noisily paraded a round the neighborhood being as destructive as possible in order to frighten away spirits looking for bodies to possess Some accounts tell of how the C ells would burn someone at the stake who was thought to have already been possessed as sort of a lesson to the spirits Other accounts of Celtic history