面试范本-二幅.doc

.二副面试问题及参考答案二副面试前主要应准备关于职责范围内的问题，如图海图（电子海图）、如何修正海图、地理常识、海事专业出版社及船上图书馆的管理、制定航路计划、船上药品管理、装卸货值班、正常海上值班、垃圾处理、其他所负责的设备的维护和保养等问题。当然，也可能会问及国际安全管理规则（ISM）以及公司安全管理体系方面的知识和问题。就目前中国船员整体状况而言，二副职位的船员英文水平和业务水平越来越好。对于没有外派经历的二副，建议抓紧时间补习英文，特别是专业英文。下面收集了一部分问题，可供参考。1. Canyoutellmeaboutyoureducationbackgroundandworkingexperience?(Omitted)Pleaserefertothesamequestionsforthemaster.2. Canyoutellmeaboutyourlastvessel?(Omitted)Pleaserefertotheanswerstothesamequestionstothemasterorchiefofficer.3.WhatareyourresponsibilitiesasaSecondOfficer?TheSecondOfficeristhenavigationalofficerandsometimesalsomedicalofficeronboard.Besides,theSecondOfficershallassisttheChiefOfficer.Hisdutiesmayincludethefollowing:(1)Navigationwatchkeeping(from1200to1600,andfrom0000to0400)(2)Chartandnavigationalpublicationcorrections(3)Passageplanmaking(4)Usuallyworkingasthedesignatedcommunicationsofficer(5)Maintenanceofcommunicationequipment,instrumentsandsparepartsonboardtheship(6)Careofallthebasicnavigationequipmentandinstruments,includingmagneticcompasses,gyrocompasses,gyrorepeaters,rimechanges,depthsoundersandcourserecorder.(7)Maintenanceofinventoriesofthestationery(8)Medicalduties,andotherdutiesdesignatedbytheMasterorChiefOfficer.(9)SomeotherworkdesignatedbymasterorChiefOfficer.二副应该能用自己的语言流利地说出自己的职责。4.Pleasebrieflydescribetheprocedureofdealingwithnavigationalwarnings.Firstly,IshallregisterthenavigationalwarningsintheRegisterBookandrecordthewarningnumberinthecard.Secondly,Ishallselectthechartsthatareaffectedbythewarnings.ThenIshallusepens,scissorsandgluestofixpermanentnotices.Ishallalsousepencilstofixtemporaryandpreliminarynotices.Thechartsaretobecorrectedaccordingtoalltheconcernedwarnings.WhenIcorrectthechart,Ishallfrequentlyconsultthegeographicalindex.5. Canyoudescribethechartscorrectionprocedures?PleaserefertothesamequestionfortheMaster.Firstly,theSecondOfficerhastomakesurethathehasreceivedthelatestNoticetoMarinerandthathehastowritethenoticerequestontime.TheMastershallmakeemergencyrequestifthelatestisnotreceived.Secondly,theSecondOfficerhastorecordtheNoticetoMarineronthecorrectionlogsontimeaccordingtothechronologicalorder.Thirdly,whencorrectingthechart,hehastomakesurethatthelastsmallcorrectionhasbeenmadeonthechart.Erasureshouldneverbemadewhendeletinginformationcrossedthrough.Instead,seriesofshortdoublestrokesshouldbeusedwhilecorrectionfluidshouldnotbeused.Alwaysinsertinformationbeforeyoudeleteanyinformation.任何海图和维护海图是二副最重要的职责之一，对于海图更新的有关程序是考官经常考到的题目，一定要好好准备。关键是如何用自己的话表述出这个复杂的过程。6.Whoshoulddraftthepassageplanonboard?Whatareincludedinpassageplan?Whenyoumakethepassageplan,whatinformationdoyouneed?Usually,thepassageplanshouldbepreparedbytheSecondOfficerandapprovedbytheMaster.Duringpassage,whenanerrorormistakeisfoundaboutthepassageplan,itshouldbereportedtotheMasterfirstandcorrectedafterwardsbytheSecondOfficer.ButduringvoyagethepassageplancannotbechangedwithouttheMastersapproval.Thepassageplanshouldincludesuchinformationaswaypoints,thedistancebetweenwaypoints,courses,current,tide,weatherconditionsandmeansofcommunications,meansoffixingpositionandintervalandsoon.Besides,thefollowinginformationandpublicationsarenecessaryinmakingthepassageplan:sailingdirections,pilotbook,portentryguidance,tidetableslocalareawarning,warningfromtheNAVAREAareas,listoflightandradiosignals,AdmiraltyNoticetoMariner,seachartandcatalogueofadmiraltychartsandotherpublications.7. Whatisthescopethepassageplancover?Ifyoumissoneortwobigorsmallscalechartsfornextvoyage,cantheshipgiveseagoingornot?Thepassageplanshouldcoverthesailingroutefromberthtoberth.Lackofinformationforsomeareasmayleadtosomeseriousaccidents.Theshipcannotgoifoneortwochartsarenotavailable.8. Ifthesignalofthreeredlightsverticallyalignedisfoundonboardashipduringnightvoyage,whatdoyouthinkiswrongwiththeship?Ifamotorshipismovingundertheway,butnotundercommand,whatkindofsignalsshouldsheuse?Onwhatoccasiondoyoudisplaytwoblackballsduringtheday?Thevesselisconstrainedbyherdraught.Itisveryhardforhertomaneuver.Ourvesselshouldgiveawideberthandtakeactionstokeepawayfromher.Themotorshipshouldusenotundercontrollights,i.e.,tworedlightsverticallyalignedduringnighttime,andtwoblackballsverticallyalignedduringdaytime.Weshalldisplaytwoblackballswhenourvesselcannotgetoutthewayofanother.各种信号灯的含义和英文表示也是面试中经常提到的问题。希望二副全面复习一下这方面的知识。请参阅COLREG1972NAVIGATIONUGHTS部分。9.Pleasedescribehowyoutakecareofthemagneticcompass.Theliquidmagneticcompassshouldberegularlycheckedforairbubblesanditshouldalwaysbecoveredwhenitisnotinuse.Thedeviationofthecompassshouldbecheckedandobservedduringeverywatch.10.Howdoyousetandadjustgyrocompass?TheSecondOfficershouldfrequentlycheckthegyrocompasserror.Actually,gyrocompassaccuracyshouldbecheckedatleastonceadayatseaandatanchor,andforeachcoursesteered.Duringthewatch,thesimultaneouscheckshouldbemadeatleasthourly.Ifthereisanysignificantdeviationerror,theSecondOfficershouldreportittotheMasterandrecordintheCompassRecordBookandDeckLogbook.Theelectronicdevicesshouldbekeptawayfromthecompassesinareasonabledistance.TheChiefOfficerorotherdesignatedofficersshouldtesttheerrorinthemorningandevening.11. WhatareyourresponsibilitiesastheSecondOfficerwhilethevesselisinport?Myresponsibilitiesaretokeepgoodwatch,toensurethesafetyoflife,theshipandthecargoandtomaintaingoodworkingordersonthevessel.DuringmywatchIshouldbeawareofthedraft,underkeelclearance,thestateofship,themooringconditionssoastoavoiddangerouslisting,trimorhullstressduringcargooperation.Ishouldalsomakesurethatdeballastingcausesnomarinepollution.IshouldwatchandsupervisetheloadingprocessandreportanyincidentoraccidenttotheChiefOfficer.12.Please tellmethedifferencebetweenthegreatcircleline(大圆航线)andrhombline(恒向线)?Intheory,thegreatcirclelineistheshortestdistancebetweentwoplaces,whiletherhomblineislongerthanthegreatcircleline.However,itisveryhardforavesseljusttotakethecirclelineorrhombline.13. Duringcargoloading,ifyoufindcargodamagesinholds,whatshouldyoudo?IshouldrecordtheminwritingorevenphotographthedamagesandreportthesituationstotheChiefOfficerimmediately.TheChiefOfficershouldreportittothetallymanandaskthemtoreplacethecargo,ifpossible.Atthesametime,theofficerondutyshouldmaketheonthespotrecord.Ifthedamagesarereallyveryserious,weshouldreporttotheMasterandaskforhisinstructions.14.Whenyouusuallydothechartwork?Whenyouarekeepingwatch,canyoudothechartwork?WheneverIreceivetheNoticetoMariner,Iwilldothecorrectionanddrawingassoonaspossible.Generally,Ishouldnotdothechartworkwhenamkeepingwatch.Doingchartworkduringwatchkeepingcangiverisetosomepotentialdangertothemaneuveringofthevessel.15.Whatisthemaximumbloodalcoholconcentration(BAG)rateonboard?AccordingtotheSTCWCode,theBACshallnotbemorethan0.08%byweightatanytimewhenbeingtested.Watchkeepersarenotallowedtodrinkanyalcoholicbeverage4hoursbeforetheirwatch.Besides,whenbunkering,loadingandunloading,mooringandunmooring,4hoursbeforeandafterportall,thesailoronboardcannothaveanyalcoholicdrinks.16.Pleasetellmeyourdutiesasthemedicalofficer.Iamresponsibleformaintainingthemedicalinventory.Ishouldkeepagoodrecordoftheuseofdifferentmedicinesandmakesurethattheaidebagsareatproperlocations.Ishouldalsobecarefulwiththemedicinelocker.Theexpiredmedicinesshouldbereplacedontime.Whensomeimportantmedicinesareoutofstock,IshouldreporttotheMasterandmakerequisitionforsupply.17.WhendoyoucalltheMastertothebridge?Inthefollowingsituations,accordingtotheSMSmanual,IwillhavetocalltheMastertothebridge:(1)WhenthevisibilityislowerthantheonementionedintheMastersstandingorder(2)Breakdownofthemainengine,steeringgear,gyrocompassoranyothercriticalequipmentrelatedtothesafetyofthevessel(3)Whentheshipspositionandsoundingareunusualorstrange(4)Whenthenavigationalmarksorsoundingdonotappearasexpected(5)Whenheavyweatherisencountered(6)Whentheshipisbehavinginanunusualway(7)Whenmarinepollutionisseenorsuspected(8)Whendistressmessageisreceivedoraccidentobserved(9)Anyothersituationwhentheofficersareindoubt(10)Whenevertheshipisindanger知道何时叫船长到驾驶台是非常重要的，这对船舶的安全航行非常重要，通常船长在bridgeorder或standingorder里都有详细的说明，STCW95公约关于船员值班部分也有详细的规定。18.WhenRADARandARPARareinuse,dotheyrelieveyourdutyoflockoutasawatchkeeper?No,theseapparatusesdonotrelievethewatchofficerofhisdutytomaintainaproperlockoutatalltimes.Thisisveryimportanttothemaneuveringofthevessel.AccidentsoftenarisebecauseoftheofficerscompletedependenceontheRADAR,ARPAR,GPSandotherequipment,especiallyinhazardousareas,suchasthecoastandportareas,lowvisibilityarea,restrictedareasandheavyweatherregions.Allinall,therulesandregulationoftheCOLREG1972mustbestrictlyobeyed.19.WhatdoyouknowaboutECandECDB?ECmeansElectronicChart,andECDISmeansElectronicChartandInformationSystem.Thissystemusesthecomputertechnologytoprovidechartdetailsonavisualdisplayunit,combinedwithanautomaticindicationofshipsposition,andpossiblyaradarimage,andanavigationaide.Thiskindofchartneedsbasiccomputeroperationskillsandautomationknowledge.20.CanyoutellmethemaincontentsofatypicalAdmiraltyNoticetoMariner?HowdidyougettheNoticetoMarineronyourlastvessel?TheAdmiraltyNoticetoMarinersisamaritimepublicationissuedbytheHydrographicDepartmentoftheUnitedKingdom.TheyincludeAdmiraltyNotices,AustralianandNewZealandNotices.Theyarepublishedonaweeklybasis.Thereisalsoanannualsummaryversion.TheAdmiraltyNoticetoMarinerincludes6sections.Sectionone,ExplanatoryNotesandindexestoSectiontwo.Sectionstwo.AdmiraltyNoticestoMarinersCorrectionstocharts.Sectionthree,reprintsofRadioNavigationalWarnings.Sectionfour,CorrectionstoAdmiraltySailingDirections.Sectionfive,CorrectionstoAdmiraltyListoflightsandFogSignals.Sectionsix,CorrectionstoAdmiraltylistofRadioSignals.Onmylastship,theshipownerprovideduswiththeNoticetoMarinersineverymajorport.HtheyfailedtogiveustheNotice,we11sendthemarequestforthis.21. ItisveryimportanttogetridoftheoutdatedchartsandotherSMSdocumentsonboard.Why?Itisveryimportanttokeepthelatestrevisedcharts(alsosomeotherISMdocumentsonboard)inthedeckandengineroom,andkeepawaythoseoutofdatedchartsbecauseafteraperiodoftime,youwillnotbeabletoknowwhatdocumentsarethenewestones.Themixtureoftheoldandnewdocumentsonboardcaneasilygiverisetosomeproblemsforthesafetyofhevessel.Soitisveryimportanttodoawaywiththeobsoletedocumentsassoonaspossible.22.Howdoyoumaintaintheclocks?Iamresponsibleforthevesselclocksexceptforthoseintheengineroom.Beforegettingunderway,clocksshallbecomparedandsynchronized,andthesynchronizationrecordshallbeenteredintotheDeckLogbook.23. Underwhatsituationsdoyoucalltheengineroomwhenyouareonduty?(1)Wheneveritisnecessarytomakesurethatengineroomandbridgeclocksaresynchronized(2)Atleastonehourbeforestartingorendingaseapassage(3)Assoonasitappearsthatengineoperationmaneuversmayberequired,withonehoursnoticeifpossible(4)Whenevertheshipmachineryoperationmaybeaffectedbyweatherorotherconditionchanges,suchasshallowwaterapproach,concentrationofmarinelifeorseaweed,iceinwater,orchangeoftrimordraftduetoballastingshifting(5)Onehourbeforeinertgassystemoperationisrequired(fortanker)(6)Onehourbeforesteamisrequiredondeck(7)Wheneverthetemperaturefallsto2degreeCentigradetopreventdamagetoequipment(8)Atleastonehourbeforethestandbygeneratorisrequired(9)Wheneverthecargopumpsareused(10)Onehourpriortogettingunderway.24.Whatshouldyoudofirstafteryoujoinavessel?Firstly,IshallfamiliarizemyselfwiththeFamiliarizationBooklet,theMusterListsandEmergencyCardinmycabin.Second,IshallreporttotheMasterandgetfamiliarwithotherofficersandcrewonboardthevessel.Third,withaccompanimentoftherelievedSecondOfficer,Ishallhaveaninspectionofthoseitemshewasresponsiblefor.IshalldiscussimmediatelywiththeMasteronanyunsatisfactoryconditions,includingequipmentmalfunctions.IshallalsotakeoverallthedocumentstheSecondOfficershouldtakecareof.AgoodhandoverwiththerelievedSecondOfficeristhemostimportantthingforme.25. Whendoyouhavetochangefromtheautomaticsteeringtomanualsteering?Thesteeringmodeshouldbechangedfromautomatictomanualmodeunderthefollowingcircumstances:(1)inanyemergencysituations(2)indiminishingandrestrictedvisibility,asdefinedbytheMaster(3)whentheshipssteeringinshallowwater(4)whentheMasterthinksnecessary.Whenthesteeringmodeischanged,thewatchofficersshallsupervisetheprocess.26. Ifshipcollisionhappenswhenyouareonduty,whatprocedureshouldyoufollow?Ishouldfollowtheemergencychecklist.Firstly,IwillsoundthealarmforemergencySecondly,IwillinformtheMasterimmediatelyThirdly,IwillinformtheengineroomandprepareenginestandbyAftershipcollision,allthetanksshouldbesoundedandtheshipowner,managershouldbeinformedoftheaccident.Theaccidentreportshouldalsobesenttotheallconcernedpartiesandthecoastcountry.Andalltheaboveactions,shipsposition,times,etc.shouldberecordedproperly.27.Beforetheshipsailstoanewport,ifyoudonothaveoneortwonecessarycharts,whatshouldyoupossiblydo?Ifpossible,IwillaskforhelpfromtheMaster.IftheMastercannothelp,Imayaskforhelpfromthevesselssailinginthesamearea.Anyway,Iwilltrytosolvetheproblembeforethevesselsailstotheport.这是一个合格的二副所应该具备的应变的能力。相信绝大多数船东都能按时提供海图，但是万一出现上述情况，二副应千方百计想办法弄到海图。28. Whatissafetyspeedduringsailing?Whatfactorsshouldyouconsiderhidecidingthespeedofavesselduringsailinghithesea?Thesafespeedisthespeedatwhichthevesselcantakeproperandeffectiveactionstobestoppedinasafedistance.Thefollowingfactorsshouldbetakenintoaccounttoachievesafespeed:visibility,numberofshipsinthearea,theshipsmaneuverability,windforce,seatideandcurrent,backgroundlights,draughtandavailabledepthofwater,proximityofnavigationalhazards,standardandoperationoftechnicalequipmentonboard,iceconditionandsoon.29.Whennavigatinginacrossingsituation,asmasterordutyofficer,whatanticollisionmeasuresshouldbetaken?Whenthevesselsareproceedonheadoncondition,whatanticollisionruleshouldbeobserved?Whenapowerdrivenshipandsailingmeetinthesea,whatanticollisionruleshouldbeobserved?Whentwopowerdrivenshipsarecrossing,theshipwhichhastheothershiponherownstarboardsideshallkeepoutofway.Todothis,thisshipcaneitheraltercoursetostarboardsideorslowdownherspeedinordertoavoidcollision.Whentwopowerdrivenshipsaremeetingheadonsituationornearheadonsituation,eachshipshallaltercoursetostarboardsothattheycanpassontheportsideofeachotheratasafedistance.Whenashipsailsatahigherspeedovertakesanothership,theshipshallsailsathigherspeedorshallalteritscoursetoavoidcollision.Apowerdrivenshipshallkeepoutofthewayofasailingship.Thiscanbedoneeitheralteringitscourseorspeeduptoavoidcollision.30.Youarethewatchofficeratanchoronan8000tonshipwhichisabout400feetlong.Iftheweatherbecomesfoggyandfoggy,whatprecautionsshouldyoutake?Iwouldstationamanforwardwithorderstoringtheshipsbellrapidlyforabout5secondseveryminutesandanothermanafttosoundthegonglikewise.Shipswhistleorsirenwouldbereadyforuseincaseofnecessitytogivewarningofmypositiontoavesselapproaching.Thesignalsforthiswarningshallbe3blastsinsuccession.31.Whenshouldaturnover(handover)ofwatchbedeferredorpostponed?Usually,underthefollowingsituations,theturnovercanbedeferredorevenpostponed:(1)Ktheoffice