高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解训练（五）71.doc

辽宁朝阳市2017高考英语阅读理解一轮训练（五）阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。(原创)The British people love talking about the weather. This hot summer, Europe was caught in the heat wave, and many parts of China were also been struggling with record-breaking temperatures. Therefore, theres plenty for the British people to get excited about. But beside from a simple“hot”, what other ways are there to describe the summer heat? Apart from phrases like“boiling hot”, there are many interesting expressions that relate to unbearably hot weather. Dog days of summerIn books and newspaper articles, the period from early July to mid-August is often referred to as the“dog days of summer”. Some think the expression means the weather is so hot that dogs go wild. But in fact, the expression comes from 16th century and refers to the days on which Sirius(天狼星)the Dog Starrises at the same time as the sun. The Romans associated the hot weather with this star and would sacrifice a dog every year in April to stop the anger of Sirius. So hot you can fry an egg on the sidewalkThis expression needs no explanation and although its origin is unclear, it hasnt stopped thousands of curious tourists from testing if the saying is true, with the result that sidewalks in Death Valley, Californiathe hottest place in the USare now littered with broken eggshells. Early in July, the local government asked tourists to stop their cooking experiments. Even so, it is actually possible to fry an egg on the sidewalk, so long as you use a frying pan with a lid and the temperature is at least 49. 【文章大意】本文介绍了英语中描述炎热天气的几个习语。1. Whats the main idea of the passage? A. Some expressions about hot weather. B. The heat wave in the world. C. Sirius is associated with the hot weather. D. Death Valleythe hottest place in the US. 【解析】选A。主旨大意题。文中第一段以幽默的方式介绍了今年夏天全球的热浪, 其目的是引出本文的中心, 故B项错误; 第二段的最后一句话是整篇文章的主题句, 故A项正确; C、D两项都是文章中的一部分, 范围小了。2. According to the passage, how long does“dog days of summer”last? A. About one month. B. About two months. C. About two months and a half. D. About one month and a half. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。由第三段的第一句In books and newspaper articles, the period from early July to mid-August is often referred to as the“dog days of summer”. 可知“dog days of summer”持续大约一个半月。3. What caused broken eggshells littered around sidewalks in Death Valley? A. The hot weather. B. The curiosity of tourists. C. The permission of the local government. D. The origin of the expression. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。由最后一段可以看出好奇的游客为了验证当地的酷热是否能够“fry an egg on the sidewalk”, 不顾当地政府的告诫, 仍然坚持做这项实验, 故B项正确。4. Which of the following is NOT necessary to test the last expression about hot weather? A. On the sidewalk. B. A frying pan with a lid. C. The temperature(49). D. In the hottest place. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。文章中提到的关于热浪的最后一个习语是“So hot you can fry an egg on the sidewalk”, 故A项是一个必要条件; 由最后一段的最后一句可知B、C是必要条件; D项范围太大。【技法导练】多学一点棋高一着阅读理解跳读查找关键词, 破解直接细节理解题如文章第2题解题步骤如下: (1)判断题干关键词“_”。(2)跳读原文, 找到题干关键词出现在第_段; 由此定位点向后可直接找到答案出处“In books and newspaper articles, the period from early July to mid-August is often referred to as the“dog days of summer”。(3)推断答案: 根据原文出处可以轻松算出该时期持续大约一个半月。答案: (1) dog days of summer 【2016年三省四市高三模拟考试英语能力测试】阅读理解。阅读下面短文，选择最佳答案填空。DTry rubbing(摩擦) the tip of your finger backwards and forwards very quickly on your coat or a blanket. It should become hot. In cold weather we sometimes rub our hands together to make them warm. The rubbing of two together which causes heat is called “friction”(摩擦力). In the same way, people who lived in caves rubbed a piece of wood shaped like a pencil on another piece of wood with dried leaves or grass packed nearby. The heat set the leaves or grass alight. This was a difficult way of making fire. Better ways were found by using flint(火石), but it was not until 1827 that the first matches were made in England.Chemists made up a mixture and put it on an end of a stick or match. The mixture contained a small amount of phosphorous(磷), a chemical that bursts into flame when heated slightly. The other chemicals then caught fire and burned less fiercely until the wood was alight. By rubbing the end of the match on sandpaper, the friction easily set the phosphorous alight. These first matches could also be struck on other rough surfaces, including the leather sole（底）of a shoe.At the time, everyone thought this was a wonderful invention. Unfortunately accidents happened. A whole box of matches would suddenly catch fire if it was heated. Imagine this happening to someone warming themselves by a fire with a box of matches in his or her pocket! Even loose matches in a handbag or pocket could rub together and catch fire.What was needed was a match that would only light if struck on a special surface. In 1852, the safety match was invented in Sweden. No phosphorous was used in the matchheadit was put on the outside of the matchbox instead. This made it impossible for the match to light unless it was rubbed along the box on the special surface which contained sandpaper mixed with a little phosphorous.1. Why did people use dried leaves or grass to pack another piece of wood?A. The leaves or grass is easy to be alight.B. The leaves or grass covered the wood well.C. The leaves or grass help the air cause heat. D. The leaves or grass acted as the role of match .2、What did the chemists make the match of in 1827?A. Leather sole, sandpaper and leaves. B. Wood, leather sole and sandpaper.C. Phosphorous, wood and sandpaper.D. Phosphorous, sandpaper and flint.3. If a match was struck on a special surface, we could see_.A. loose matches could catch fire fiercely B. phosphorous wasnt needed in the match C. there were matches and sandpaper in pockets.D. loose matches in pockets wouldnt catch fire at a time.参考答案13、ACDFranz Kafka wrote that “a book must be the ax (斧子) for the frozen sea inside us.” I once shared this sentence with a class of seventh graders, and it didnt seem to require any explanation.Wed just finished John Steinbecks novel Of Mice and Men. When we read the end together out loud in class, my toughest boy, a star basketball player, wept a little, and so did I. “Are you crying? ”one girl asked, as she got out of her chair to take a closer look. “I am, ” I told her, “and the funny thing is Ive read it many times. ”But they understood. When George shoots Lennie, the tragedy is that we realize it was always going to happen. In my 14 years of teaching in a New York City public middle school, Ive taught kids with imprisoned parents, abusive parents, irresponsible parents; kids who are parents themselves; kids who are homeless; kids who grew up in violent neighborhoods. They understand, more than I ever will, the novels terrible logicthe giving way of dreams to fate (命运) .For the last seven years, I have worked as a reading enrichment teacher, reading classic works of literature with small groups of students from grades six to eight. I originally proposed this idea to my headmaster after learning that a former excellent student of mine had transferred out of a selective high schoolone that often attracts the literary- minded children of Manhattans upper classesinto a less competitive setting. The daughter of immigrants, with a father in prison, she perhaps felt uncomfortable with her new classmates. I thought additional “cultural capital”could help students like her develop better in high school, where they would unavoidably meet, perhaps for the first time, students who came from homes lined with bookshelves, whose parents had earned Ph. Ds.Along with Of Mice and Men, my groups read: Sounder, The Red Pony, Lord of the Flies, Romeo and Juliet and Macbeth. The students didnt always read from the expected point of view. About The Red Pony, one student said, “its about being a man, its about manliness. ” I had never before seen the parallels between Scarface and Macbeth, nor had I heard Lady Macbeths soliloquies (独白) read as raps (说唱) , but both made sense; the interpretations were playful, but serious. Once introduced to Steinbecks writing, one boy went on to read The Grapes of Wrath and told me repeatedly how amazing it was that “all these people hate each other, and theyre all white. ”His historical view was broadening, his sense of his own country deepening. Year after year, former students visited and told me how prepared they had felt in their first year in college as a result of the classes.Year after year, however, we are increasing the number of practice tests. We are trying to teach students to read increasingly complex texts, not for emotional punch (碰撞) but for text complexity. Yet, we cannot enrich(充实) the minds of our students by testing them on texts that ignore their hearts. We are teaching them that words do not amaze but confuse. We may succeed in raising test scores, but we will fail to teach them that reading can be transformative and that it belongs to them.1. The underlined words in Paragraph 1 probably mean that a book helps to_ .A. realize our dreams B. give support to our lifeC. smooth away difficultiesD. awake our emotions2. Why were the students able to understand the novel Of Mice and Men?A. Because they spent much time reading it.B. Because they had read the novel before.C. Because they came from a public school.D. Because they had similar life experiences.3. The girl left the selective high school possibly because_.A. she was a literary- minded girlB. her parents were immigrantsC. she couldnt fit in with her classD. her father was then in prison4. To the authors surprise, the students read the novels_ .A. creativelyB. passivelyC. repeatedlyD. carelessly5. The author writes the passage mainly to_.A. introduce classic works of literatureB. advocate teaching literature to touch the heartC. argue for equality among high school studentsD. defend the current testing system【参考答案】43.DDCABSports account for a growing amount of income made on the sales of commercial time by television companies. Many television companies have used sports to attract viewers from particular sections of the general public, and then they have sold audiences to advertisers. An attraction of sport programs for the major U.S. media companies is that events are often held on Saturday and Sunday afternoonsthe slowest time periods of the week for general television viewing. Sport events are the most popular weekend programs, especially among male viewers who may not watch much television at other times during the week. This means the television networks are able to sell advertising time at relatively high prices during what normally would be dead time for programming. Media corporations also use sports to attract commercial sponsors that might take their advertising dollars elsewhere if television stations did not report certain sports. The people in the advertising departments of major corporations realize that sports attract male viewers. They also realize that most business travelers are men and that many men make family decisions on the purchases of computers, cars and life insurance. Golf and tennis are special cases for television programming. These sports attract few viewers, and the ratings (收视率) are unusually low. However, the audience for these sports is attractive to certain advertisers. It is made up of people from the highest income groups in the United States, including many lawyers and business managers. This is why television reporting of golf and tennis is sponsored by companies selling high- priced cars, business and personal computers, and holiday trips. This is also why the networks continue to carry these programs regardless of low ratings. Advertisers are willing to pay high fees to reach high- incom