高考英语一轮复习 短文语法填空选练（一）（含解析）1.doc

广东陆丰县2017高考英语短文语法填空一轮选练（一） (2016福建省漳州八校高三第三次联考)World Book Day _1_(fall) on April 23 every year.It was set up by the UNESCO(联合国教科文组织)in 1955 to encourage people to discover the pleasure of reading.It means you read a book not because your teachers or parents tell you to do so.“_2_(read) for pleasure” plays a more important role in ones _3_(grow) than ones family background.Books，magazines，newspapers and other kinds of materials can help us know more about the outside world and perfect us._4_，computer games，online videos and Internet are pushing books off the shelf.Some experts believe its a _5_(worry) trend.Each Chinese read 0.38 more books in 2013 than 2012 but still far fewer than those in major developed countries.Even worse，many bookstores have _6_(close) their doors because many book lovers start to buy _7_(few) books than before.However，many people do still prefer reading because it has _8_(be) part of their life.It can benefit people in many ways.It gives us information about other countries and places of the world.It _9_ has a strong influence on forming our personality and makes us more intelligent.Its _10_ too late to start reading.So jump into the wonderful world of books now!【语篇导读】 每年的4月23号是世界读书日。读书在每个人的成长中都起着重要的作用。然而，网络世界使人们买书、读书的机会少了。但是很多人还是喜欢读书，因为它已经成为生活中的一部分。1falls考查动词时态。根据句中every year可知句子时态应用一般现在时，又根据句子主语知谓语用第三人称单数。2Reading考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知句子缺少主语，故用动名词作主语。3growth考查名词。物主代词后应该跟名词，故答案为growth。4However考查副词。前后句为转折关系，故用However。5worrying考查非谓语动词。修饰名词应用形容词形式。worrying意为“令人担心的，令人担忧的”。6have closed考查谓语。句意：更糟糕的是，很多书店已经关门了，因为很多爱读书的人买书比以前少了。由句意知时态应用现在完成时。故用have closed。7fewer考查比较级。根据上题解析可知应用few的比较级fewer。8has been考查谓语。句意：很多人还是喜欢读书，因为它已经成为生活中的一部分。由句意可知应用现在完成时，故答案为has been。9also考查副词。句意：读书能够让我们知道世界各地的信息，它也对我们人格的形成有一定的影响，能够让我们更聪明。故用副词also。10never考查副词。It is never too late to.是一固定句型，意为“永远不会太晚”。(2016河南郑州市高三第一次质量预测)Sweet wormwood (青蒿) is a common plant in China，_1_ it has the power to cure the deadly disease called malaria (疟疾)Tu Youyou _2_(be) the woman who uses the plants special power to save millions of lives.The Chinese scientist won a Nobel Prize because of her great contribution.On October 5，Tu was awarded the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.She shared the prize with two other scientists from the US and Japan.Tu is the first native Chinese person _3_(receive) a Nobel Prize in natural sciences.Tu was modest about receiving the award：“Its a success for the whole research team.”She also thinks _4_ is scientists duty to fight for the health of all humans.When Tu joined the national research team to find the medicine _5_ could fight against malaria in the 1960s and 1970s，things were hard.The team didnt have advanced equipment back then.Tu used to test _6_(medicine) by eating them herself.Her team searched old Chinese medicine books _7_ hand and tested over 2，000 traditional recipes.Once Tu _8_(return) home after traveling for six months.Her little daughter didnt recognize her and hid from the“strange woman”To do research，Tu also had to move around a lot.Finally，Tu found artemisinin (青蒿素) in sweet wormwood in 1971.She spent the next decades _9_(try)to improve the medicine.According to World Health Organization，about 200 million people suffer _10_ malaria around the world，and about half a million die each year.Artemisinin is still the most effective treatment against malaria known today.Tu never complains about how hard she works.“I feel more rewarded when I see so many cured patients，” she said.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。屠呦呦是中国第一个获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家，她带领她的团队发现了青蒿素，从而挽救了数百万人的生命。1but考查连词。空前语境为：青蒿在中国是一种常见的植物；空后语境为：它有治愈致命疾病疟疾的能力。根据空处前后语境可以判断，两句为转折关系，故用转折连词but。2is考查时态和主谓一致。根据该句中的“who uses the plants special power”可知，该句应用一般现在时。又因主语为Tu Youyou，故用is。3to receive考查动词不定式。根据该句中的“the first native Chinese person”可以判断，该句应用动词不定式作person的后置定语。4it考查it的用法。分析该句结构可知，动词不定式短语to fight for the health of all humans作真正的主语，it作形式主语。5that/which考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，该句为定语从句，先行词为medicine，空处在从句中作主语，故用which或that引导该定语从句。6medicines考查名词的数。根据该句中的them可以判断，空处应用复数形式。7by/on/at/in考查介词。by hand意为“用手”；on hand，at hand，in hand意为“在手头”。根据语境可知这四个介词都对。8returned考查时态。根据下句的“Her little daughter didnt recognize her”可知，这里陈述的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时。9trying考查非谓语动词。spend time doing sth 为固定搭配，意为“花费时间做某事”，故用trying。10from考查动词短语。suffer from为固定搭配，意为“(因疾病、痛苦等)受折磨”。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(When Sara came home from work, she found her mother in an anxious state.)SarA：Whats wrong, Mum? You seem upset.MuM：Its your _1_(young)sister Jill. She should have been here an hour ago.SarA：Dont worry, Mum! Its not all that late and she has probably not _2_(realize) how late it is. I think shell be here soon.(Just then Saras brother Peter came into the kitchen.)Peter：Whats up? Mums on the phone and she seems as though shes going to cry.SarA：Its Jill. She should have returned home by now and Mums getting anxious.Peter：You _3_ feel so anxious, Mum! You know _4_ teenage girls are like. Im sure shes all right.MuM：I cant help but be concerned. Ive just rung Lucy and she said Jill left her outside the cinema ages ago to get _5_ bus home.Peter：Well, the bus service isnt very frequent in the evenings. Perhaps she missed one and is waiting for another. Have you tried _6_(phone) her on her mobile?MuM：Yes, _7_ theres no reply. That made me even more worried. I think _8_ must have happened to Jill. Do you think we should call the _9_？SarA：Calm down, Mum! Youll make yourself ill. Perhaps she switched her mobile off in the cinema and forgot to switch it back on again. Or it may need to be _10_(charge)【参考答案】1.younger/youngest2.realized3.neednt4.what5.the6.phoning7.but8.something9.police10.charged阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。James Long：Well, after listening carefully to you two, Im not sure which of you is right.Qian Liwei：When I look back, I find I didnt like some of the questions the audience asked though. It was as if people _1_ not listening.Lin Shuiqing：I think the audience was interested in _2_ you said. I liked it when you told that joke. I heard the audience _3_(laugh)I think they really liked you after that. When I heard what you said about the environment and the economy needing to work _4_ more, I was very impreseed.Qian Liwei: I certainly think we need to use our raw materials in the best possible way; _5_， they will be soon used up. We also need _6_(clean)up the mess we made in the past. I like the idea of making factories that pollute pay taxes.Lis Shuiqing：_7_， you are right about many businessment trying to protect the environment and build the economy at the same time. You made that _8_(power) statement. As a result, you impressed _9_ audience. They clapped so hard.Qian Liwei: Many people think that economic development and _10_(environment) protection conflict with each other. That impression needs to be changed and after I talked to you today, I think we should work on some projects together.Lin Shuiqing：Good idea.【参考答案】1.were2.what3.laughing4.together5.otherwise6.to clean7.Also8.powerful9.the10.environmental阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。体裁：议论文话题：积极人生时间：7分钟(2014河南新乡许昌平顶山高三调研)Gretchen Alexander is sightless.But she refuses to allow her blindness to limit her life activities.She enjoys archery，golf，softball，sailing and water skiing，as well as a number of other activities that those of us who are sighted have yet to learn.She also speaks to groups about living life fully.When speaking to a group of high school students，she was once asked if there was anything she wouldnt try.“Ive decided to never sky dive，” she answered.“It would scare the heck out of my dog.”Why do some people rise above their problems and live life fully，while others become defeated? Merle Shain explains it this way：“There are only two ways to approach life: as a victim or as a gallant fighter.And you must decide whether you want to act or to react.”When discouraged，a victim reacts，perhaps in pain or selfpity.But a fighter will act.A fighter will make a decision to change that set of circumstances that left him or her discouraged.Or a fighter will decide to accept those circumstances with grace and move ahead anyway.A fighter will decide to act with courage.A fighter will take responsibility for his or her happiness.No matter how afraid，a fighter will refuse to give in to the most defeating of all human emotionshelplessness.A victim reacts.A fighter acts.Its your decision.Its a decision about whether you will live your life fully with courage，or you will be forever defeated by harsh circumstances.Make it well，for it may be one of the most important decisions you ever make.Will you be a victim or a gallant fighter?【语篇导读】这是一篇议论文。文章以Gretchen Alexander 为例，论述了在生活中当你遇到不愉快的事情时，你应该做一名受害者还是做一名勇敢的战士。1The best title for this article would be _.AGretchen Alexanders LifeBMerle Shains Attitude to LifeCVictims and FightersDThe Way of Life解析标题归纳题。文章的最后一段“Will you be a victim or a gallant fighter？”点出了文章主题。故C项最适合作为文章标题。答案C2What can we learn about Gretchen Alexander from this passage?AShe is more athletic than those of us who are sighted.BShe is discouraged when her dog is scared.CThere is no limitation to her life activities.DShe is a brave fighter.解析推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Gretchen Alexander is sightless.But she refuses to allow her blindness to limit her life activities.”和“She also speaks to groups about living life fully.”可知，Gretchen Alexander在生活中是一位勇敢的战士。答案D3The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to “_”Alife BchoiceCcourage Dcircumstance解析词义猜测题。从下文的“for it may be one of the most important decisions you ever make”可知，画线词的含义是“选择”。答案B4The third paragraph mainly talks about _.Athe difference between a victim and a fighter Bthe reactions to helplessnessCdecisionmakingDa fighters responsibility解析段落大意题。本段主要介绍了受害者和战士在遇到一些不好的事情时各自不同的表现受害者是有反应，而战士则是行动起来。故选A。答案A。【由福建省三明市2014高考模拟题改编】 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。 Former Hollywood child star Shirley Temple died onMonday at home in Woodside，California，from natural causes “she was surrounded by her family and carers ,” astatement said With her charm and blonde curls(金色的卷发)，shewas one of the most popular stars of the 1930sin hitmovies like Bright Eyes and Stand Up and CheerHersinging，dancing and acting won over fans worldwideShewas given a special Oscar for child in 1935， when shewas just six years oldTo this day，she is still the youngest child to receive an Academy AwardAfter retiring from films in 1950 at the age of 21，Temple returned to the spotlight as a politicianand diplomat(外交家) Shirley Temple started her film career at threeBetween 1934 and 1938 she appeared in morethan 20 feature films and was the top US movie starShe wore a grass skirt and played a ukulele(四弦小吉它)to promote the musical Captain January，directed by David Butler，in 1936Sheattended her first big public performance for her film Wee Willie Winkie in Hollywood on 26 June，1937 As well as being the youngest receiver of an Oscar(at the age of 6 years and 3 1 0 days)，Templewas also the youngest child to present one of the statuettes(小金人)She stood on a chair to giveClaudette Colbert the best actress prize for it Happened One night in 1935At the age of 12Temples star burnt outher parents bought out the remaining time of her contract and sent her toan expensive girls schoo1Her final film，A Kiss for Co