初中易混动词及词组

易混动词及词组 1 accept 和 receive 均可表示 接受 但是用法不同 1 accept 接受 指当事人的态度 同意或不同意采纳 He asked Lucy to marry him and she accepted his proposal 2 receive 接到 指客观事实 不含是否愿意接受的意思 She received an invitation but couldn t accept it 2 add to add to 和 add up to 均可表示 加 添 但用法不同 1 add to increase 增加 增添 add 在此处为不及物动词 to 是介词 一起 构成短语动词 作及物动词用 主语通常是物 The bad weather only added to our difficulties 2 add to 把 加到 上 主语通常是人 可用于主动语态和被动语态 Will you please add a few notes to the essay 请你给这篇散文加一些注释好吗 3 add up to 总计 共达 These numbers add up to 100 3 arrive get 和 reach 均可表示 到达 但用法不同 1 arrive 是不及物动词 常见用法 A arrive in 大地点 B arrive at 小地点 When will you arrive in Shanghai We arrived at the restaurant at six in the evening 2 get 是不及物动词 常见用法 get to 地点名词 How do you usually get to school every day 3 reach 是及物动词 后面直接跟地点名词 When she reached the office the secretary gave her an urgent letter from America at once 4 borrow lend 和 keep 均可表示 借 但用法不同 1 borrow 借 是终止性动词 表示主语 借入 某物 如 borrow sth from sb 表示 从某人处借了某物 I borrowed a novel from the school library 2 lend 借给 是终止性动词 表示主语 借出 某物 如 lend sb sth 或 lend sth to sb 均表示 把某物借给了某人 Could you lend me a bike 3 keep 保存 借 是持续动词 表示 借入之后长时间地保留某物 如 keep sth for 时间 表示 已经借了多长时间 How long can i keep the book 5 care about 和 care for 均含 care 但用法不同 1 care about 在乎 在意 常用于否定句 指主语无所谓的态度 He didn t care about anything people might say 2 care for 照料 尊重 喜欢 The little boy is well cared for in the nursery 6 look see watch 和 read 均可表示 看 但用法不同 1 look 看 表示动作 是不及物动词 后面需要加介词 at 才能跟宾语 Look There is a plan in the sky Look at the picture carefully 2 see 看见 强调看到的结果 后面可直接跟宾语 I can see the girl who is hiding behind the table 3 watch 观看 尤指 观看比赛 电视等 It s not good for children to watch TV for a long time 4 read 读 看 书 报 表示阅读 后面可直接跟宾语 Don t read books in the sun It will hurt your eyes 7 listen to 与 hear 均可表示 听 但用法不同 1 listen 是不及物动词 与 to 构成固定搭配 listen to 听 强调听的动作 Listen What s that noise He likes listening to music 2 hear 听到 强调听到的结果 She heard footsteps behind her 8 say speak talk 和 tell 均可表示 说 但用法不同 1 say 说 作为及物动词使用 其后常跟直接引语和间接引语 He said he would come tonight Good night she said 2 speak 讲话 一般作为不及物动词使用 有时作为及物动词 speak 各种语言 May i speak to John please Do you speak English 3 talk 谈话 是不及物动词 talk about 表示 谈论关于 talk to with 表示 和 讲话 Mr Thompson is talking with my father in the office now please wait here for a moment What are you talking about 4 tell 告诉 讲述 是及物动词 可带双宾语和复合宾语 常用结构 tell sb sth that 从句 tell sb to do sth The teacher told us an interesting story yesterday She told us that we would have an English exam the next week 9 bring take fetch 和 carry 均可表示 拿 取 但用法不同 1 bring 带来 拿来 只把某物和某人从另一个地方带到说话的地方来 或者可 以说是由远及近 Bring me you dictionary tomorrow 2 take 带走 指把某物或某人从说话的地方带到另一个地方去 也可以说是 由近及远 常和介词 to 搭配 Can you help me take the book to the classroom 3 carry 提 扛 搬 携带 意思较多 没有方向性 He is carrying water 4 fetch 去拿 去取 表示往返取物 She went to fetch the kids 10 look for search for 和 find 均可表示 寻找 但用法不同 1 look for 寻找 强调寻找的过程 I am looking for the key Do you see it 2 search for 寻找 搜寻 其对象多是一个或一批人或物 如找矿 找资料 找文件 找工作等 它强调寻找的行为 不着重结果 They are searching for the missing child 3 find 找到 强调寻找的结果 Can you find my shoes 11 cost pay spend 和 take 均可表示 花费 但用法不同 1 cost 花费 时间或金钱 后面直接跟时间和金钱 但主语是物 The book cost me 120 yuan 2 pay 支付 词组 pay 金钱 for sth 表示 为某物花了多少钱 主语是人 I paid 25 dollars for the dress 3 spend 花费 时间和金钱 常用结构 spend 时间或金钱 on sth 或 spend 时间或金钱 in doing sth 主语是人 Mary spent 1 000dollars on the trip to the beach She spent an hour dressing up her little sister 4 take 花费 时间或金钱 固定结构 It takes 各种时态 sb 时间或金钱 to do sth It took me half a day to get there 12 dress put on wear 和 in 均可表示 穿 但用法不同 1 dress 常见用法有 dress sb 和 dress sb up dress sb 给某人穿衣服 dress sb up 打扮某人 The boy dress himself quickly My mother is dressing up my brother and they are going to a party 2 put on 穿上 戴上 表示动作 After putting on his coat Jim went out to play with his classmates 3 wear 穿着 戴着 表示状态 Bob is wearing a red shirt today 4 in 表示穿着 后面加衣服的颜色 The man in a black shirt is my father 13 fail 和 lose 均可表示 失败 但用法不同 1 fail 失败 可作不及物动词 常见用法 fail to do sth 表示 做某事失败 没 能做成某事 Jimmy failed to pass the exam 2 lose 输 后面可直接借比赛 战斗等 表示输掉比赛或战斗 也可用于 lose to sb 表示输给某人 I am so sorry that you lose the game 14 beat 和 win 均可表示 打败 但用法不同 1 beat 打败 常见用法 beat 某人或某支队伍 表示 打败某人或某队 Look They are fighting I think Tom will Li Lei but before that happens stop them 3 win 赢得 如是赢得荣誉 比赛 地位等 表示某人经过努力和全力拼搏胜 过其他人 不一定有正面对抗 She is glad to see that her husband won the game 15 attend join join in 和 take part in 均可表示 参加 但用法不同 1 attend 出席 指出席会议 Our mother attended the meeting this morning 2 join 参加 加入 一般指加入某组织并成为其中的一员 如参军 入党等 I don t know whether he has joined the army or not 3 join in sth doing sth 参加 后面接一般表示竞赛 娱乐 游戏等活动的名词或 V ing They all join in sing the song 4 take part in 参加 指参加某种活动 如聚会 运动会等 Would you like to take part in the sports meeting next week 16 lay 和 lie 1 lay 表示 放置 铺 产 蛋 卵 时 过去式和过去分词是不规则变化 lay laid laid Lay the books down and you can go 2 lie 表示 说谎 时 可做及物动词和不及物动词 过去式和过去分词是规则变化 lie lied lied I can t believed he lied to me 3 lie 表示 躺 位于 时为不及物动词 过去式和过去分词是不规则变化 lie lay lain I need to lie down for a while Thirty years ago the house lay in the southwest corner of the city 17 used to do sth be get used to doing sth 和 be used to do sth 1 used to do sth 固定搭配 表示 过去常常做某事 I used to get up early in the morning 2 be get used to doing sth 是固定搭配 表示 习惯做某事 to 后的动词用 V ing 形式 I get used to getting up early now 3 be used to do sth 是被动语态 表示 被用来做什么 use 在该短语中表示 使用 Wood is used to make paper 18 think of think about 和 think over 1 think of 想到 Suddenly Mr Brown thought of the show last year 2 think about 考虑 宾语若是代词 it