现在完成时态

基本结构 主语 have has 过去分词 done 肯定句 主语 have has 过去分词 其他 否定句 主语 have has not 过去分词 其他 一般疑问句 Have Has 主语 过去分词 其他 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 一般疑问句 have has 主语 过去分词 其他 1 现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生过或完成的动作或状态 但其结果却和现在有联 系 也就是说 动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在 I have spent all of my money 含义是 现在我没有钱花了 Jane has laid the table 含义是 现在桌子已经摆好了 Michael has been ill 含义是 现在仍然很虚弱 He has returned from abroad 含义是 现在已在此地 2 现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的 持续到现在的动作 用行为动词 表示 或状态 be 动词表示 常与 for 时间段 since 时间点或过去时的句子 连 用 Mary has been ill for three days I have lived here since 1998 注 超重要 瞬间动词 buy die join lose 不能直接与 for since 连用 要改变 动词 come be go out be out finish be over open be open die be dead 1 have 代替 buy My brother has had 不能用 has bought this bike for almost four years 2 用 keep 或 have 代替 borrow I have kept 不能用 have borrowed the book for quite a few days 3 用 be 替代 become How long has your sister been a teacher 4 用 have a cold 代替 catch a cold Tom has had a cold since the day before yesterday 5 用 wear 代替 put on b 用 be 形容词 代终止性动词 1 be married 代 marry 2 be ill 代 fall get ill 3 be dead 代 die 4 be asleep 代 fall get asleep 5 be awake 代 wake wake up 6 be gone 代 lose die sell leave 7 be open 代 open 8 be closed 代 close shut 9 be missing gone lost 代 lose c 用 be 副词 代终止性动词 1 be on 代 start begin 2 be up 代 get up 3 be back to 代 return to come back to go back to 4 be here there 代 come arrive reach get here 或 go arrive reach get there 等等 d 用 be 介词短语 代终止性动词 1 be in at 地点 代替 go to come to 2 用 be in the army 代替 join the army 3 be in at 地点 代替 move to 常用瞬间动词变延续性动词表 1 have arrived at in sw got to reached sw come gone moved to sw have been in sw at 相应的介词 2 have come gone back returned have been back 3 have come gone out have been out 4 have become have been 5 have closed opened have been close open 6 have got up have been up 7 have died have been dead 8 have left sw have been away from sw 9 have fallen asleep got to sleep have been asleep 10 have finished ended completed have been over 11 havemarried have been married 12 have started begun to do sth have done sth 13 have begun have been on 14 have borrowed bought have kept had 15 have lost haven t had 16 have put on have worn 17 have caught get a cold have had a cold 18 have got to know have known 19 have has gone to have been in 20 have joined have taken part in the league the Party the army have been a member of have been in have been the Party s member the league member the soldier 注意 1 现在完成时不能单独与准确时间连用 如表示过去的时间状语 如 yesterday morning afternoon last morning afternoon 等 除非与 for since 连用 2 现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用 如 already 肯定 yet 否定 疑问 just before recently still lately 等 He has already obtained a scholarship I haven t seen much of him recently lately We have seen that film before Have they found the missing child yet 3 现在完成时常常与表示频度的时间状语连用 如 often sometimes ever never twice on several occasion 等 Have you ever been to Beijing I have never heard Bunny say anything against her I have used this pen only three times It is still good George has met that gentleman on several occasions 4 现在完成时还往往可以同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用 如 now up to these few days weeks months years this morning week month year just today up to present so far 等 Peter has written six papers so far Man has now learned to release energy from the nucleus of the atom There has been too much rain in San Francisco this year The friendly relations and cooperation between our two countries have been enhanced in the past few years Up to the present everything has been successful 5 现在完成时还可以用来表示过去的一个时间到现在这段时间内重复发生的动作 We have had four texts this semester 6 现在完成时的 完成用法 现在完成时的 完成用法 指的是动作发生在过去某一时刻并已结束 但该动作对现在产 生了影响 与现在情况具有因果关系 例如 He has turned off the light 他已把灯关了 动作结束于过去 但说明的是现在的 情况 灯现在不亮了 现在完成时 完成用法 的特点是动作不延续 因此 该时态只能与表示不定的过去时间 状语 如 already yet before recently 等 频度时间状语 如 never ever once 等 包括现在时刻在内的时间状语 如 this morning month year today 等 连用 例如 Have you found your pen yet 你已找到你的钢笔了吗 7 现在完成时的 未完成用法 现在完成时的 未完成用法 指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻 一直延续到现在 或可能 还要继续下去 例如 He has lived here since 1978 自从 1978 年以来 他一直住在这儿 动作起始于 1978 年 一直住到现在 可能还要继续住下去 I have been in the army for more than 5 years 我在部队已经呆了五年多了 动作开始 于 5 年前 一直延续至今 有可能还要继续下去 此种用法的句中常需一个表示一段时间的状语 由 since 或 for 引导 或表示与现在时刻 相连的时间状语 如 up to now so far 等 例如 I have heard nothing from him up to now 到目前为止我没有他的任何消息 注意 1 现在完成时的未完成用法只适用于延续性动词 不可用于终止性动词 即瞬间 完成或延续时间很短的动词 如 come go arrive leave join become die 等 8 一段时间 has passed since 从句 9 现在完成时常和短语 up to now till now so far 意思是从过去某一确定的时间一 直延续到现在 Up to till now he s read many story books 至今他已读过好多故事书 I ve been to New York three times so far 至今我已到纽约去过三次 10 has gone to has been to has been in 的区别 gone 去了没回 been to 去过 been in 呆了很久 11 不能与 when 连用 一一 选择填空选择填空 1 Mr Dong actually in Kowloon Walled City since he was very young A have lived B has lived C have live D has living 2 Do you know Yao Ming very well Of course I a lot of news about him on TV so far A read B am reading C have read D reads 3 Now Nanjing is so beautiful that I can t recognize it when I came back Yes Great changes in the past ten years A has taken place B have taken place C took place D take place 4 Where is my English book I it here but I can t find it now A putted B have just put C was putting D am putting 5 It s 7 30 I can t believe you cooking dinner yet Sandy A didn t start B haven t started C don t start D won t start 6 Mother me a new coat yesterday I it on It fits me well A had made have tried B made have tried C has made tried D made tried 7 He to draw horses already When he learn Last year A learned has B learned did C has learned has D has learned did 8 Tom up into the tree Look he high up there A has get is B has climbed was C got was D climbed is 9 you the text Yes we it two hours ago A Did copy yet did B Have copied already have C Have copied yet did D Did copy ever had 10 Have you got the plan ready No A already not yet B yet not yet C already I haven t D ever not yet 二二 用动词的正确形式填空用动词的正确形式填空 1 We study in Little Star English since two years ago 2 Oxfam Trailwalker be one of Hong Kong s biggest fund raising events since 1981 Yes it 3 Tsunami not happen in the south east of China recently 4 My father read the novel twice 5 The door is open Who open it Do you know Sorry I don t know 6 She buy a Hello Kitty for you hasn t she Yes she She buy it in Sanrio Puroland last summer 7 This is the nicest park I see 8 Are you sure you lose your dictionary Yes I look for it everywhere but I still can t find it 9 The children enjoy themselves in the party last Sunday morning 10 They study English for a long time 三三 对下列句子划线部分提问 对下列句子划线部分提问 1 Miss Brown has taught physics for 15 years 改为一般疑问句句 并作肯定回答 2 The soldiers have already planted some trees on the river bank 改为否定句 3 He has planted some trees in front of his house 4 Daniel has collected some Chinese stamps 5 The two Australian teachers have visited that village twice 6 My friend has been away for about a month 7 Millie hasn t come because he is ill 8 She will be back in two days 用 for two days 改写 四四 句型转换句型转换 1 The dress is very beautiful I want to buy it very much 同义句 The dress is beautiful I want to buy it very much 2 He can help us because he has organized a charity show before 对划线部分提问 he us 3 I wonder who can