【素材】Unit 1 文档Great Scientists in History（人教）

Great Scientists Their legendary work stumped the global audience It gave a new meaning to development by accelerating it Here s a list of great scientists who remain immortal through their contributions to the society We owe much of human advancement to scientists from Euclid to Stephen Hawking These great scientists of the 20th century and generations before that have developed logic that has accelerated evolution in more ways than one Their work may have been criticized but the truth remains that their sheer hard work and intelligence is unquestionable These men and women of unfathomable intellect have contributed immensely towards global development Their technologies have brought the world closer making our perceptions about races castes and creed broader Great Scientists in History Here s a list of famous scientists in history whose notable inventions and discoveries shaped the world history and are an integral part of our daily lives Great Scientists Inventions Andre Marie Ampere He discovered a unit to measure electric current Euclid Known as the Father of Geometry Heinrich Hertz He propounded the electromagnetic theory of light and electromagnetic waves Archimedes He is known for Archimedean principle theory of buoyancy and many other discoveries that have contributed greatly to the world s progress Amedeo Avogadro The famous Avogadro s Law states equal volumes of different gases pressure and temperature being equal contain the same number of molecules Niels Henrik David Bohr Bohr Model of Atom Johannes Gutenberg Letterpress printing press which is also known as mechanical printing press Wilhelm Conrad Rontgen X ray Albert Einstein Theory of relativity and photoelectric effect Rudolf Diesel Combustion engine Karl Friedrich von Drais Bicycle Ferdinand Verbiest Invented the first car ever Graham Bell Invented the first telephone John Logie Baird Invented the television Sir Isaac Newton Scope of gravitational force and laws of motion are noted contributions made my Sir Isaac Newton amongst other mathematical formulas Peter Henlein Pocket watch Charles Robert Darwin Theory of evolution which is famously known as survival of the fittest Louis Pasteur He created vaccination for rabies and anthrax He discovered a method to prevent spoilage of milk and wine known as pasteurization Werner von Siemens Dynamo Artur Fischer Fischertechnik Hans von Ohain Jet engine Felix Hoffmann Aspirin Hugo Junkers Civilian avion Konrad Zuse First practical computer Melitta Bentz Coffee filter Robert Koch Isolation of Bacillus anthracis tuberculosis bacteria and Vibrio cholerae Also known for his Koch s postulates Heinrich Gobel Incandescent light bulb Karlheinz Brandenburg MP3 Technology Heinrich Focke Helicopter Gottlieb Daimler Internal combustion engine and automobile Julius Lothar Meyer Periodic table of chemical elements Otto Hahn Propounded the theory of nuclear fission and is known as the father of nuclear chemistry Emile Berliner Record player Fritz Pfleumer Audio tape Thomas Edison Electric light bulb Rudolf Hell Formulated technology for scanner and fax Marie Curie Radioactivity Joseph John Thomson Mass spectrograph Robert Bunsen Cesium and Rubidium John Dalton Atomic theory Isaac Newton Gravity Wright Brothers Airplanes James Watt Steam engine Alessandro Volta Electric cell Louis Braille Braille the language for blind people Tim Berners Lee World Wide Web Laszlo Jozsef B ro Ballpoint pen Stephen Hawking Theorems of gravitational singularities pertaining to general relativity and prediction that black holes should emit radiation Galileo Galilei Study of phases of Venus discovery of the four largest satellites of Jupiter empirical analysis of sunspots are few contributions made by this famous inventor The work of these great scientists may never have been supported by their contemporaries According to Plutarch a famous Greek historian Archimedes was killed by an enraged Roman soldier The soldier was asked to summon the Greek scientist to the court of General Marcellus who was a Roman military leader but he declined to come because he was too busy working on a problem T