高中英语 词汇详解（Module 2　Fantasy Literature—Philip Pullman）教学素材 外研版选修6

用心 爱心 专心1 知识感悟知识感悟 一 词汇详解一 词汇详解 1 play1 play anan importantimportant partpart inin 在在 中起重要作用中起重要作用 对对 有重要影响有重要影响 典型例句 Computers play an important part in our daily life 电脑在我们的日常生活中起了重要的作用 Kindness plays an important part in social relationship 善良对于社会关系有重要影响 相关链接 play a part in play the part of in 在 扮演 角色 play a role in 在 扮演角色 单项填空单项填空 Teachers often impress on students the important part they in making up harmonious society A takeB make C play D hold 提示提示 take part in 参加 make 和 hold 不与 part 连用 play an important part in 在 起重要作用 句意为 老师经常向学生强调在建立和谐性社会中他们所起的重要作 用 答案答案 C 2 direction2 direction n n 方向方向 指导指导 用法说明用法说明 典型例句 He drove in the direction of the farm 他向农场方向驶去 Our company is under good direction 我们公司管理有方 Follow the directions that your doctor gives you 请遵医嘱 要点归纳 in all directions 四面八方 各方面 in every direction 向各方面 向四面八方 in the direction of 朝 方向 under the direction of 在 指导下 directions for use 用法说明 direction 表示 说明 时 常用复数形式 相关链接 direct adj 直的 adv 直达地 vt 指导 指示 directly adv 立刻 直接地 conj 一 就 单项填空单项填空 1 Dusk saw those tired out Iraqi soldiers dragged themselves the 用心 爱心 专心2 direction of northern desert areas A inB to C towardD for 提示提示 句意为 黄昏 疲惫不堪的伊拉克士兵朝着北部沙漠地带艰难地走着 答案答案 A 2 Generally speaking when taken according to the the drug has no side effect A directions B instructs C introductions D explanations 提示提示 句意为 一般来说 这药如按说明服用是不会有副作用的 directions 指示 用法 说明 instructions 指导 指令 introductions 介绍 入门 explanations 解释 说明 强调 对做某事的原因作出说明 答案答案 A 3 vanish3 vanish v v 消失消失 典型例句 When I turned around she had vanished 我转过身 她已不见了 Many species have now vanished from the earth 许多物种已在地球上绝迹了 The thief vanished into the crowd 那小偷消失在人群中 英译汉英译汉 I thought it would rain but the clouds have vanished and it s a fine day 答案答案 我原以为天要下雨的 可是云消失了 是个好天 4 put4 put downdown 放下放下 记下记下 拒绝拒绝 镇压镇压 羞辱羞辱 降低降低 典型例句 Please put down the following facts 请把下面的事实记下来 Put down that knife before you hurt somebody 把那刀子放下 以免伤人 The bus stopped to put down some passengers 公共汽车停下来让一些乘客下车 In 24 hours the general had entirely put down the rebellion 在 24 小时内 这位将军就把叛乱完全镇压下去了 He s always putting his wife down in public 他总是当众羞辱妻子 相关链接 1 put aside 节省 钱 时间 储蓄 把 放在一边 用心 爱心 专心3 The manager had to put his work aside for a time for an urgent accident 经理不得不暂时搁下手头的工作去处理一件紧急事故 2 put away 收拾起来 储存 钱 喝掉 The boy put the food away in the cupboard after he finished his dinner 小男孩吃完晚饭后把食品放到橱柜里 3 put back 时钟向后拨 放回原处 拖延 Please put the dictionary back where it was 请把字典放回原处 We had to put the meeting back a week 我们不得不把会议推迟一周 4 put forward 提出 意见 建议 推荐 把时针向前拨 She has decided to put herself forward as a candidate 她已经决定自荐为候选人 5 put off 延期 推迟 Don t put off until tomorrow what can be done today 今日事 今日毕 6 put on 假装 增加 上演 戏剧 She s by no means really mad she puts it on in order to gain attention 她绝不是真的疯了 她只是为了引起人们的注意才假装的 7 put out 熄灭 使忧虑 扑灭 出版 Would you mind putting your cigarette out please 把烟熄了 好吗 8 put through 接通电话 Your call has been put through 你要的电话接通了 9 put up 举起 张开 伞 张贴 为 提供食宿 We can put up ten people for the night 我们可以留宿十个人 10 put up with 忍受 忍耐 受苦 That woman as a housewife has a lot to put up with 作为家庭主妇 那女人得忍受很多烦恼 介副词填空介副词填空 1 The concert had to be put because the main singer was ill 答案 答案 off 2 I can t put their bad behavior any longer 答案 答案 up with 3 Put it to my account please 答案 答案 down 4 Several tents have been put to accommodate the party 答案 答案 up 5 My watch was ten minutes too fast and I put it 答案 答案 back 6 He was not really angry He was putting it 用心 爱心 专心4 答案 答案 on 7 She put her sewing when the telephone rang 答案 答案 aside 8 It s time that the government put interest rates 答案 答案 down 9 Yes we can put you for a night or two 答案 答案 up 10 She put the light and closed the door 答案 答案 out 11 Please put those tools after you finish the work 答案 答案 away 12 Can you put me to this number 答案 答案 through 13 My watch was slow so I put it three minutes 答案 答案 forward 14 The meeting has been put until next week 答案 答案 back off 单项填空单项填空 15 You can take anything from the shelf and read but please the books when you ve finished with them A put onB put down C put backD put off 提示提示 put back 把 放回 答案答案 C 16 Suddenly I wanted to write about that but I wanted to it down simply for my own joy not for Mr Fleagle my composition teacher A settleB put C takeD let 提示提示 put down 在此句指 记下 答案答案 B 5 hold5 hold outout 伸出伸出 维持维持 典型例句 My teacher held out her hand in welcome 我的老师伸出了欢迎的手 We were short of water but could hold out for another day 我们虽然缺水 但还可以再坚持一天 Will the car hold out till we reach London 这车能支持到我们抵达伦敦吗 相关链接 hold back 阻止 抑制 情感 情绪 保密 隐瞒 hold on 打电话时用语 请等一下 不要挂上 坚持 hold to 坚持 遵循 用心 爱心 专心5 hold up 举起 阻挡 拦截 单项填空单项填空 1 He told me most of the facts of the affair but I m sure he s still some important information A taken backB put back C held backD held out 提示提示 hold back 此处表示 隐瞒 答案答案 C 2 We must hurry because the trapped miner cannot much longer A keep outB take out C turn outD hold out 提示提示 hold out 此处表示 坚持 答案答案 D 6 invisible6 invisible adjadj 看不见的看不见的 典型例句 Germs are invisible to the naked eye 细菌是肉眼所看不见的 The differences are almost invisible 这些差别简直难以辨认 要点归纳 be invisible to 对 看不见的 无形的 汉译英汉译英 空气是看不见的 但有风时 我们能感觉到风的运动 答案答案 Air is invisible but we can feel its motion when there is a wind 7 pass7 pass byby 经过经过 时间时间 过去过去 错过错过 不理会不理会 典型例句 He waved to me as I passed by 我经过时他向我招手 Ten months passed by 十个月过去了 Don t let the opportunity pass by 别错过机会 We cannot pass this matter by without protest 我们不能对此事听之任之 相关链接 pass over 对 置之不理 pass down 传递 pass on 用心 爱心 专心6 单项填空单项填空 It is not right to your children s shortcomings just because you love them A go byB put by C pass byD keep by 提示提示 句意为 不要因为你爱你的孩子而忽视了他们的缺点 pass by 在此句的意思是 忽视 不理会 答案答案 C 8 doubt8 doubt n 在肯定句中用 whehter if 引导 相关链接 in doubt 怀疑 拿不定主意 no without doubt that 毫无疑问 单项填空单项填空 1 I don t doubt the plan will be carried out soon A thatB whether C why D when 提示提示 doubt 的否定形式后接 that 从句 表示确定语气 答案答案 A 2 If the ship is caught in the storm what shall he do then Oh do you still doubt he will be able to deal with every terrible situation A whetherB that C ifD how 提示提示 doubt 用于疑问句时 后接由 that 引导的宾语从句 答案答案 B 3 No that she will win the scholarship to study in Australia A wonderB question 用心 爱心 专心7 C doubtD surprise 提示提示 No doubt that 毫无疑问 答案答案 C 9 hesitate9 hesitate v v 犹豫犹豫 迟疑迟疑 典型例句 Don t hesitate about that Do it at once 对于那件事不要再犹豫了 马上去做吧 He hesitated in replying 他在回答时吞吞吐吐 I always hesitate to advise my friends on what to read 我总是不大愿意指点我的朋友们该看些什么书 If you have any questions don t hesitate to ask me 如果你有什么问题 尽管问我 相关链接 hesitation n 犹豫 踌躇 have no hesitation in saying 毫不犹豫地说 英汉互译英汉互译 1 你有难处就直截了当地告诉我们 答案答案 Don t hesitate to tell us if you have a problem 2 I hesitated about taking his side until I knew the whole story 答案答案 我在完全了解了事实真相后 才打消顾虑 支持他的立场 3 He hesitated to take such a big risk 答案答案 冒这样大的险 他犹豫了 10 awake10 awake adjadj 醒着的 清醒的醒着的 清醒的 vt vt 醒醒 典型例句 He lay awake in his bed 他醒着躺在床上 He awoke from a sound sleep 他从酣睡中醒来 The thunder awoke me 雷声把我惊醒了 His father tried to awake him to a sense of duty 他父亲试图使他认识到自己的责任 相关链接 awake 和 wake 的区别 awake 用作形容词时 一般用作表语或后置定语 不能用作前置定语 awake 用作动词时 既 可用作及物动词 又可用作不及物动词 但都不与 up 连用 用心 爱心 专心8 wake 较为通俗 既可用作及物动词 又可用作不及物动词 单独使用 与 up 连用均可 选词填空选词填空 awake wake 1 I lay all night because of traffic noise 答案答案 awake 2 When I the sun was shining into the room 答案答案 woke woke up awoke 3 The telephone ring the whole family at night 答案答案 awoke woke up 4 I walked in quietly for I was afraid of him up 答案答案 waking 11 revenge11 revenge v 复仇复仇 典型例句 He revenged his dead brother 他为亡兄报了仇 The people of the village took revenge on the thieves by beating them with sticks 村子里的人们用棍棒打窃贼泄恨 Terrorists bombed the police station in revenge for the arrests 恐怖分子用炸弹袭击了警察局报复逮捕行动 要点归纳 in out of revenge 作为 的报复 give sb his revenge 给某人雪耻的机会 have take one s revenge 报仇 单项填空单项填空 I broke Mary s pen by accident and she tore up my school work A in returnB in revenge C in time D in reply 提示提示 句意为 我不留心弄坏了玛丽的钢笔 出于报复 她撕掉了我的作业 in return 作 为报答 in time 及时 in revenge 作为报复 in reply 答复 答案答案 B 12 marry12 marry v v 结婚结婚 娶娶 嫁嫁 典型例句 John married Mary last week 上星期约翰和玛丽结婚了 Jane was got married to a doctor last month 上个月简和一位医生结婚了 She married her daughter to a businessman 她把女儿嫁给了一位商人 She married very early 用心 爱心 专心9 她很早就结婚了 要点归纳 marry sb 表示 嫁给某人 与 结婚 be get married to sb 表示 与某人结婚 但是 be married 可与时间段连用 get married 不能与时间段连用 marry sb to sb 表示 父母把女儿嫁给某人或为儿子娶媳妇 marry 作不及物动词时 往往用副词或介词短语来修饰 单句改错单句改错 1 She married with an Englishman 答案答案 全句改为 She married an Englishman 或 She was got married to an Englishman 2 They have got married for six years 汉译英汉译英 答案答案 got been got 是瞬间动词 不能与时间阶段连用 3 她直到五十多岁才结婚 答案答案 She didn t marry until she was over fifty 13 power13 power n n 力量力量 能力能力 权力权力 动力动力 典型例句 Practice has taught us that knowledge is power 实践使我们认识到知识就是力量 A policeman has the power to arrest a criminal 警察有权逮捕罪犯 She lost her power of speech 她失去了说话的能力 The treaty was signed by five powers 这个条约是由五个强国签订的 相关链接 1 power 构成的短语 in power 当权 come to into power 开始 掌权 上台 in one s power 为某人力所能及 2 power strength force energy 的区别 power 主要指做一件事情所依靠的能力 strength 常指固有的潜在力量 指人时 着重力气 force 主要指自然界的力量 如暴力 势力 军事力量等 energy 主要指 人的精力 自然界的能量 单项填空单项填空 1 A healthy person is usually full of after he gets up in the morning 用心 爱心 专心10 A strengthB force C energy D power 提示提示 full of energy 精力充沛 答案答案 C 2 As soon as their party came into they changed the law A force B power C strength D energy 提示提示 句意为 他们的党派一上台 就改变了法律 答案答案 B 3 It was well known that Hawking lost his of speech as a result of serious illness A strength B power C force D energy 提示提示 句意为 众所周知 霍金由于一场大病而失去了说话的能力 答案答案 B 14 possess14 possess v v 拥有拥有 典型例句 The country possesses rich mineral deposits 这个国家拥有丰富矿藏 He lost all that he possessed when his house burned down 他的房子烧毁以后 他的全部财产都没有了 相关链接 possession n 拥有 占有 财产 in possession of sth 占有某物 take possession of 获得 占有 占据 占领 英汉互译英汉互译 1 He gave up the possession of the house 答案答案 他放弃了这房子的所有权 2 他在火灾中损失了所有的财产 答案答案 He lost all his possessions in the fire 二 句型剖析二 句型剖析 1 with 1 with 宾语宾语 宾补宾补 典型例句 With the boy leading the way we had no trouble in getting to the train station 由这个男孩带路 我们毫不费力地到达了火车站 The child was crying with the glasses broken 眼镜破了 那个男孩哭了起来 With a lot of work to do we had to be busy working day and night 用心 爱心 专心11 有那么多的工作要做 我们只得日夜忙碌 The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand 老师手里拿着一本书走进教室 Don t sleep with the door and windows open 不要开着门窗睡觉 要点归纳 with 宾语 宾补 结构在句中主要作状语 它可以表示伴随状况 行为方式 原因 条件 时间及结果 程度等 它一般由下列几个形式构成 with 宾语 现在分词 表示主动 进行 with 宾语 过去分词 表示被动 完成 with 宾语 不定式 表示将来 动作还没发生 with 宾语 形容词 副词 with 宾语 介词短语 单项填空单项填空 1 I won t be able to go on holiday A with my mother been ill B with my mother be ill C with my mother to be ill D with my mother being ill 提示提示 with my mother being ill 作原因状语 意为 我妈妈病了 答案答案 D 2 After the Arab states won independence great emphasis was laid on expanding education with girls as well as boys to go to school A to be encouraged B been encouraged C being encouraged D be encouraged 提示提示 with girls as well boys 后面应该用现在分词的被动形式 表示当时的情况 也表示 被动关系 不能接不定式的被动 因为不定式表示将来 答案答案 C 英译汉英译汉 3 With night coming on they started for home 答案 答案 夜幕来临 他们就动身回家了 2 the2 the same that same that 典型例句 This is the same wallet that I lost last week 这就是我上一周丢失的钱包 He is the same professor that gave us a lecture on war and peace last year 他就是去年给我们就战争与和平而进行讲座的那位教授 要点归纳 the same as 表示 与 同样的 不是同一个 而 the same that 表示 同一 用心 爱心 专心12 个 就是那个 相关链接 be all the same to 意思为 对 来说都一样 对 无所谓 The same to you 口 我也这样祝愿你 be the same with 也一样 The same is true of 也有同样情况 也适用于 单项填空单项填空 1 John was brought up in London and went to New York at eighteen Joe A The same to B The same with C So was D So did 提示提示 用 The same with Joe 表示乔也出生在伦敦 也是十八岁时去了纽约 答案答案 B 2 Bob I would like to get the same sneakers you were wearing yesterday but where can I buy them A asB like C that D which 提示提示 此句中的 sneakers 是指相同的另一双 所以要用 the same as 答案答案 A 3 could couldn t3 could couldn t havehave done done 典型例句 The money has disappeared Who could have taken it 钱不见了 谁会把它拿走呢 Tom could have taken it he was here alone yesterday 有可能是汤姆把它拿走的 昨天他单独一个人在这里待过 I could have lent you the money Why didn t you ask me 我那时是能借钱给你的 你为什么没有向我借 要点归纳 could have done 可用来表示两种意义 1 表示对过去所发生情况的猜测 2 表示本来能够做某事 而实际上并没有做 相关链接 must have done 表示对过去事情的肯定推测 译成 一定做过某事 该结构只用于肯定句 can t have done 表示对过去事情的否定推测 译成 不可能做过某事 can have done 表示对过去行为的怀疑 用于疑问句 译成 可能做过 吗 may have done 表示对发生过的事情的推测 意思是 可能已经 或 也许已经 用于肯 定句中 might have done 表示对过去事情的推测 might 与 may 意思相同 但可能性更小 多用于虚 拟语气结构中 would have done 虚拟语气 表示对过去事情的假设 意思是 本来会做 should have done 表示 本来应该做某事 而实际上没做 shouldn t have done 表示 用心 爱心 专心13 本来不应该做某事 而实际上做了 含有指责对方或自责的意味 ought to have done 表示过去应该做而实际并没有做 译成 理应做 往往表示遗憾 与 should have done 用法基本一样 needn t have done 表示 本来不需要做某事而做了 选词填空选词填空 can many must should 1 She have achieved greater progress if you had given her more chances 答案答案 could might 2 What has happened to George I don t know He have got lost 答案答案 may might 3 You have been mad to play football in such a heavy rain 答案答案 must 4 Tom you are too lazy The work have been finished yesterday 答案答案 should 5 Mary have stolen your money She has gone home 答案答案 can t couldn t 6 There is nowhere to find them Where they have gone 答案答案 can 单项填空单项填空 7 Was the job too difficult Why hasn t it been done now Anybody it but nobody did it because it s no use doing that only a waste of time A should have done B could have done C might have done D must have done 提示提示 could have done 本来能够做而实际没有做 与题意相符 答案答案 B 4 as as 4 as as 像像 一样一样 典型例句 My parcel is as heavy as yours 我的包裹与你的一样沉 Arther calculates as accurately as a calculator 阿瑟像计算器一样计算精确 Asia is four times as large as Europe 亚洲有欧洲的四倍大 亚洲比欧洲大三倍 She spread as much butter on her bread as Jane did 她在面包上涂的黄油与简涂的一样多 He has learned as many English words as his brother has 用心 爱心 专心14 他已学了和他哥哥一样多的英文单词 要点归纳 1 as as 结构中的第一个 as 是副词 第二个 as 是连词 引导比较状语从句 常用省略 形式 2 not so as as 是否定形式 意为 不像 一样 3 在 as as 的结构中 第一个 as 的前面可以加上表示倍数的词或是某些副词修饰语 twice three times nearly almost 等等 4 与名词连用时 要用以下句式 as adj 不可数名词 复数名词 as as adj a an 可数名词单数 as 单项填空单项填空 1 What do you think of French In my opinion French is English A a subject so difficult as B as difficult a subject as C as a subject difficult as D difficult as subject as 提示提示 这是一个 as adj a an 可数名词单数 as 的句式 句意为 法语是一门像英 语一样难的课程 答案答案 B 2 Mary is A as wise and active as herself B as wise as active C as wise as possible D so wise and active as she is 提示提示 句意为 玛丽又活泼又聪明 即 as wise as she is active B 项正确 其他选 项都不对 C 项容易错选 但是意思不对 答案答案 B 三 语法解读三 语法解读 现在分词作状语 现在分词作状语 分词作状语可表示时间 原因 让步 结果 方式 条件等 现在分词作状语 表示与主语 的主动关系 也可表示进行 这时要注意比较过去分词作状语的特点 后者表示与主语的被动 关系和完成的动作 1 表示时间 Arriving in Paris I lost my way 到了巴黎 我迷了路 The hunter walked slowly in the forest followed by his wolf dog 猎人在森林里慢慢地走着 后面跟着他的狼狗 表示与主句中谓语动词同时性的现在分词强调时间意义时 分词前可以加上 while when 等 从属连接词 但 as 没有这种用法 如 Don t talk while having dinner 吃饭时不要说话 When crossing the street do be careful 用心 爱心 专心15 过马路时要小心 2 表示原因 表示原因的分词短语一般置于句首 Having lived in London for years I almost know every place quite well 在伦敦住过多年 我几乎对每个地方都很熟悉 Seriously injured he had to be taken to hospital 由于伤得严重 只好把他送往医院 3 表示结果 The fire lasted nearly a month leaving nothing valuable 大火持续了近一个月 几乎没剩下什么有用的东西 Football is played in more than 80 countries making it a popular sport 80 多个国家都踢足球 因此足球成了一种很流行的运动 4 表示方式 I stood by the door not daring to say a word 我站在门旁 不敢说一句话 5 表示条件 United we stand divided we fall 联合起来我们就能挺住 分裂我们必然倒下 Being more careful you can make fewer mistakes 如果你更细心 你会犯更少的错误 强调条件时 可以在前面加上 unless once 等 如 You shouldn t come in unless asked to 不让你进来你不准进来 Once losing this chance you can t easily find it 一旦失去这次机会你就很难找回 单项填空单项填空 1 One Sunday several former classmates gathered at Tom s for lunch their high school reunion the year before A talking about B having talked about C to talk about D talked about 提示提示 句意为 一个星期天 几位汤姆以前的同学聚集在他家吃午饭 谈论着前一年的高中同 学聚