高一英语Unit 5Nelson Mandela—a modern hero人教实验版知识精讲

用心 爱心 专心 高一英语高一英语 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela a modern hero 人教实验版人教实验版 本讲教育信息本讲教育信息 一 教学内容 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela a modern hero 1 重点单词短语用法讲解 2 课文难点句解析 3 定语从句讲解 二 知识总结与归纳 单元内容简介 1 继续了解英雄人物的基本情况 2 继续定语从句的用法 三 重点讲解与归纳 1 He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings when we should have been asleep when 关系副词 引导定语从句 修饰 breaks 和 evenings should have done 本来应该做而没有做的事 He should have come here in the morning 他本该早上就来的 Mr Wang should have arrived at 8 00 but he didn t appear 他应该八点钟到的 但是却没有出现 拓展 拓展 1 shouldn t have done 本来不该做却做了的事情 You shouldn t have cheated in the exam 你考试时不该作弊 2 must have done 过去一定做过某事 It must have snowed last night 昨天晚上一定下雪了 3 can t have done 过去不可能做过某事 He can t gone to Shanghai I saw him just now 他不可能去上海了 我刚刚还看见他了 4 needn t have done 本来不必做某事而做了 You needn t have washed your clothes 你本来用不着洗衣服的 asleep 表语形容词 跟在系动词之后作表语 表示 睡着的 sleep 动词或名词 睡觉 sleepy 形容词 打盹 的 Is he still sleeping 他还在睡吗 Yes he is fast asleep 是的 他睡得很熟 I m too sleepy to hear the end of the concert 我太困了 没有听完音乐会 发散 发散 fall asleep 入睡 go to sleep 入睡 be fast sound asleep 酣睡 睡熟 sleep late 睡懒觉 用心 爱心 专心 2 I became a good student and wanted to study for my degree but I was not allowed to do that degree 1 学位课程 学位 He took a medical degree 他获得了医学学位 2 度 度数 The temperature rose 10 degrees 温度升高了 10 度 A right angle has 90 degrees 直角是 90 度 3 程度 He has a high degree of ability 他能力很强 发散 发散 take a degree 攻读学位 have a degree 拥有学位 a doctor s degree 博士学位 a master s degree 硕士学位 a bachelor s degree 学士学位 to a degree to a certain degree 在某种程度上 3 He said they should not be stopped from studying for their degrees stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事 We tried to stop him from smoking 我们试图阻止他吸烟 They were stopped from entering the building 他们被阻止进入那幢大楼 4 As they were cleverer than me but did pass their exams I knew I could get a degree too did pass 强调结构 强调谓语动词时 在动词原形前面加 do does 或 did Do be careful 千万小心 He does sing very well 他唱歌确实很好 You did say that word 你的确说过那个字 注意 注意 do 的这种用法只用于肯定句 且只有现在时和过去时两种时态 5 Since I was better educated I got a job working in an office since 由于 既然 表原因 辨析 辨析 since as because for because 表原因的语气最强 经常表示听者未知的原因 since 意为 由于 既然 表示已知的或大家都清楚的原因 as 有时可与 because 互换 但语气不如 because 强烈 for 引导的句子对前一句话起补充说明的作用 前面有逗号隔开 educated 1 adj 受过教育的 受过训练的 He was highly educated and could make money 他受过了高等教育 可以赚钱了 2 v 教育 培养 educate sb to do sth 教育某人做某事 educate sb about on sth 就某事教育某人 用心 爱心 专心 It s not an easy job to educate children 教育孩子不是一件简单的事 Teachers educate students to protect themselves 老师训练学生自我保护 Parents educate teenagers about the dangers of smoking 他们教育青少年认识吸烟的危害 发散 发散 education n 教育 educational adj 教育的 educator n 教育家 教师 6 I did not work for twenty years until Mr Mandela and the ANC came to power in 1993 come to power 上台 执政 发散 发散 be in power 执政 掌权 get into power 上台 lose power 下台 return to power 重新执政 7 They said that the job and the pay from the now South African government was my reward after working all my life for equal rights for the Blacks reward 1 n 报答 报偿 奖赏 He worked hard but without much reward 他工作努力但报酬不多 2 v 酬谢 报答 reward sb with sth 用 酬谢某人 reward sb for sth 因 而酬谢某人 They rewarded me with a prize 他们给我一笔奖金作酬谢 I was rewarded for my hard work 我的工作得到了报酬 3 in reward 作为报酬 She got nothing in reward 她没有得到任何报答 8 He was sentenced to prison for life on Robben Island for being one of their leaders sentence 1 v 判决 宣判 The killer was sentenced to death 凶手被判处死刑 2 n 判决 判刑 He is serving a sentence of six months in prison 他在狱中服刑 6 个月 发散 发散 heavy light sentence 重 轻判 death sentence 死刑 life sentence 终生监禁 语法语法 定语从句定语从句 用心 爱心 专心 定语从句 Attributive Clauses 在句中做定语 修饰一个名词或代词 被修饰的名词 词组或代词即先行词 定语从句通常出现在先行词之后 由关系词 关系代词或关系副词 引出 关系代词有 who whom whose that which 等 关系副词有 when where why 等 使用要点使用要点 1 关系代词在从句中作主语时 不能省略 e g The classroom that is on the fourth floor is poorly equipped 2 关系代词在从句中作宾语且前面没有介词时 常可省略 e g The food that they are eating is nice This is the girl with whom he works 3 关系副词在定语从句中不可省略 e g I have come to explain the reason why I was absent from the meeting 4 只用 that 不用 which 的情况 a 当先行词有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时 b 当先行词前有 the only the very the last 等词修饰时 c 当先行词为 anything nothing something everything all little much 等不定代词修饰 时 d 当先行词前有 all every no some any little much few 等词修饰时 e It is 句型中的引导定语从句时 5 只用 which 不用 that 的情况 a 引导非限制性定语从句时 b 引导词前有介词时 c 一个句子中若有两个定语从句 一个用 that 引导 另一个用 which 引导 e g He bought a book that could give him much knowledge and which could help him to kill the time 6 当 those 作为先行词指人时 通常只能用 who 引导 7 as 从句的先行词是 the same such 或被它们所修饰 多用于表示肯定意义的从句中 不用于表否定意义的从句中 e g Many of the sports are the same as they were when they started The result was not such as he expected It was raining hard which as was unexpected 8 介词 关系代词要根据 a 谓语动词的固定搭配 e g This is the evidence with which the case is connected b 先行词 e g I ll never forget the day on which when I joined the party c 句子表达的意思 e g The boss in whose department Mr King worked got sacked d 在非限制性定语从句中 名词 代词 of which whom 表示整体与部分的关系 e g The workers some of whom stayed for four years came from different countries e 介词的位置一般放在关系代词之前 有时也可放在从句中原来的位置上 e g We did it in the same way in which he did which he did in 9 That 作为关联词可以当作关系副词用 e g This is the house in which Louis XIII lived This is the house that Louis XIII lived 用心 爱心 专心 This is the house where Louis XIII lived This is house which Louis XIII lived in This is the house Louis XIII lived in 模拟试题模拟试题 I 单项选择 1 Led by Lincoln the American blacks fought bravely their rights and managed to be slavery A with free fromB for against C for free fromD against for 2 the devekionebt of science job positions are becoming fewer and fewer so many people are worried about they would be out of work A With ifB As whether C With whetherD As if 3 Now we are in a position we have to accept that we are wrong A on whichB where C whenD that 4 Under such conditions we can advise him to stop the experiment see a failure in the end A neither norB either orC both andD neither or 5 Tom to his mother s birthday party but he was too busy yesterday A must have comeB may have come C should have comeD might have come 6 Now many people move into cities in order to have their children A better educateB receive well education C better educatedD accept better education 7 The film brought the hours back to me I was taken good care of in that faraway A untilB thatC whenD where 8 The result of the exam was very good we hadn t expected A asB whichC thatD what 9 Recently many experts advised new laws to protect the city environment A should be pastB are to be passed C being passedD be passed 10 The Microsoft software is most widely used because anyone with a computer can its software A fix freelyB fit freeC fit freelyD fix for freedom 11 The dictionary still where I it a moment ago A lies laidB lied layC laid laidD lies lay 12 When I returned to my hometown I found it completely A have changedB has changedC changedD changing 13 As cities grow so does number of buildings that characterize them office towers factories shopping centers and high rise apartment buildings A the 不填B the aC 不填 aD 不填 the 14 his choice of two jobs the man decided to take the one which was nearer to the 用心 爱心 专心 house A When offeredB When he is offered C When he offeredD When offering 15 The weather turned out to be very good was more than we could expect A whichB whatC thatD it 完形填空 I once thought I would be a perfect parent It took 1 sixteen years to learn 2 I could not be I know that I made 3 mistakes If I raised my 4 again I would not make those 5 Maybe I would make 6 ones but I would do a better job I would try to understand my 7 towards my children I often did what my own 8 would have done I 9 their ways of raising children control me For example I had my teenage 10 David come home early He hated this rule He said no reason 11 it As a girl I had to be 12 early I wanted my son to do 13 Today I would think more about 14 I wanted things done in a certain way My father was sick when I was 15 My sister my brother and 16 were quiet at 17 We did not yell in anger We did not shout for 18 I wanted my children to be quiet too I never 19 to ask why 20 was hard for me to let my children show anger I stopped my children when 21 started to get angry Now I would tell my 22 It is all 23 to show love It is all right to show 24 Your feelings are good I love you 25 what you feel 1 A moreB meC in D my 2 A thisB whatC sinceD that 3 A someB fewC no D any 4 A handB questions C demandD children 5 A answersB says C mistakesD friends 6 A old B newC someD little 7 A questionsB loveC actionsD mistakes 8 A childrenB beliefC parentsD strength 9 A loveB openC letD go 10 A sonB misterC young D friend 11 A atB for C byD of 12 A naturedB loved C home D quick 13 A the sameB a lot C wellD at once 14 A whatB whichC whyD whom 15 A taughtB toldC youngD naughty 16 A we B he C I D me 17 A all times B no time C some timeD the time 18 A joyB angerC all D games 19 A believedB worried C realizedD stopped 20 A It B I C There D Sometimes 21 A parents B suddenly C had D they 22 A parent B children C neighbourD brother 23 A in allB men C agreed D right 用心 爱心 专心 24 A love B anger C yourselvesD around 25 A no longerB no more C no wonderD no matter 阅读理解 A When many people are worried that there are no more heroes in the modern era two university students who lost their lives to rescue drowning children have shown that heroes still exist 存在 According to the Inner Mongolia Morning Post the tragedy 悲剧 occurred on the afternoon of December 14 2002 when three school students skating on a frozen lake in Qingcheng Park in Hohhot fell through the ice into the freezing water More than 20 university students who happened to be near the spot immediately went to the rescue of the children Two children were quickly rescued but the third died The child s body was not found for three hours Two of the rescuers Liu Ye and Hao Longbiao also died of cold and exhaustion 筋疲力尽 The body of Hao who took the lead in jumping into the lake was not found until the next day A student who was unwilling to tell his name said he and his classmates from the local college were taking photos at the lake When they heard the children s cries for help they went to the ice hole hand in hand to rescue the children But the ice kept breaking causing most of them to fall into the icy water Local residents held mourning ceremonies 祭奠仪式 at the lake Eight of the students were seriously affected by the freezing water and were being kept in hospital for further observation but their lives were no longer in danger 1 The underlined word occurred here means A employed B mixed C guided D happened 2 When the three students fell into water the university students were A skating on the ice B taking photos at the lake C having a picnic D walking along the lake 3 Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage A Three students died on the same day in all B Hao Longbiao s body was found on December 14 2002 C The university students didn t think it dangerous to save the drowning children in the lake D Local residents were not brave in face of danger 4 It can be inferred that A people think little of the two university students death B the ice on the lake wasn t strong enough to skate on C some students regretted for what they had done D heroes don t agree with the steps of modern times 5 The author wrote the passage to A warn people of the danger of skating on ice B call on people to learn from the brave university students C tell us a tragedy D advise university students to cherish 珍惜 their lives 用心 爱心 专心 B No one is glad to hear that his body has to be cut open by a surgeon 外科医生 and part of it taken out Today however we needn t worry about feeling pain during the operation The sick person falls into a kind of sleep and when he awakes the operation is finished But these happy conditions are fairly new It is not many years since a man who had to have operation felt all its pain Long ago operation had usually to be done while the sick man could feel everything The sick man had to be held down on a table by force while the doctors did their best for him He could feel all the pain if his leg or arm was being cut off and his fearful cries filled the room and the hearts of those who watched Soon after 1770 Josept Priestley discovered a gas which is now called laughing gas Laughing gas became known in America Young men and women went to parties to try it Most of