高中英语 主谓一致学案及练习 牛津版必修3

1 主谓一致主谓一致 一 一 学前诊断学前诊断 1 The blind in special schools A is studying B studies C study D has studied 2 Look The teacher together with his students now working in the lab A is B are C were D was 3 The museum I have visited at the end of the street A stand B stands C is standing D are standing 4 Three weeks not enough for me to write the report A is B are C has D have 5 Three fourths of the homework today A has finished B has been finished C have finished D have been finished 6 Either he or I to go to Beijing on business A is B be C are D am 7 More than 70 percent of the books in English A is written B has written C are written D have written 8 Large quantities of water needed for cooling purpose A is B are C has D have 9 All present and all going well Said the boy A is is B are are C are is D is are 10 How one treats his parents great influence on his children A have B had C having D has 在英语句子里 谓语受主语支配 其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致 这就叫主谓一在英语句子里 谓语受主语支配 其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致 这就叫主谓一 致 致 1 以单数名词或代词 动词不定式短语 动名词短语或从句做主语时 谓语动词一般用单数以单数名词或代词 动词不定式短语 动名词短语或从句做主语时 谓语动词一般用单数 形式 主语为复数时 谓语动词用复数形式 如 形式 主语为复数时 谓语动词用复数形式 如 His father is working on the farm To study English well is not easy What he said is very important for us all The children were in the classroom two hours ago Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes 注 注 由由 what 引导的主语从句 后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式 但若表语是复数引导的主语从句 后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式 但若表语是复数 或或 what 从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时 主句的谓语动词用复数形式 从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时 主句的谓语动词用复数形式 如 如 What I bought were three English books What I say and do is are helpful to you 2 由连接词由连接词 and 或或 both and 连接起来的合成主语后面 要用复数形式的谓语动词 连接起来的合成主语后面 要用复数形式的谓语动词 Lucy and Lily are twins She and I are classmates The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news Both she and he are Young Pioneers 注 注 若若 and 所连接的两个词是指同一个人 物或同一概念时 它后面的谓语动词就应用所连接的两个词是指同一个人 物或同一概念时 它后面的谓语动词就应用 单数形式 如 单数形式 如 The writer and artist has come Trial and error is the source of our knowledge 由由 and 连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有 no each every many a 等修饰时 其谓语动词等修饰时 其谓语动词 要用单数形式 如 要用单数形式 如 Every student and every teacher was in the room No boy and no girl likes it 2 3 主语为单数名词或代词 尽管后面跟有 主语为单数名词或代词 尽管后面跟有 with together with except but like as well as rather than more than no less than besides including 等引起的短语 谓语动词仍用单数形等引起的短语 谓语动词仍用单数形 式 若主语为复数 谓语用复数形式 式 若主语为复数 谓语用复数形式 就前原则就前原则 如 如 Mr Green together with his wife and children has come to China Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground She like you and Tom is very tall 4 either neither each every 或或 no 单数名词和由单数名词和由 some any no every 构成的复合不定代词 构成的复合不定代词 都作单数看待 如 都作单数看待 如 Each of us has a new book Everything around us is matter 在口语中当在口语中当 either 或或 neither 后跟有后跟有 of 复数名词 或代词 复数名词 或代词 作主语时 其谓语动词也作主语时 其谓语动词也 可用复数 如 可用复数 如 Neither of the texts is are interesting 若若 none of 后面的名词是不可数名词 它的谓语动词就要用单数 若它后面的名词是复后面的名词是不可数名词 它的谓语动词就要用单数 若它后面的名词是复 数 它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以 如 数 它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以 如 None of us has have been to America 5 在定语从句时 关系代词 在定语从句时 关系代词 that who which 等作主语时 其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的等作主语时 其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的 数一致 数一致 注 在注 在 one of ns who that which 引导的定语从句中 从句的谓语用复数如 引导的定语从句中 从句的谓语用复数如 He is one of my friends who are working hard 在在 the only very one of ns who which that 引导的定语从句中 从句的谓语用单数如 引导的定语从句中 从句的谓语用单数如 He is the only one of my friends who is working hard 6 如果集体名词指的是整个集体 它的谓语动词用单数 如果它指集体的成员 其谓语动词 如果集体名词指的是整个集体 它的谓语动词用单数 如果它指集体的成员 其谓语动词 就用复数形式 这些词有就用复数形式 这些词有 family class crowd committee population audience 等 如 等 如 The class consists of 25 boys and 20 girls The class are doing experiments The population of China is 13 6 billion and 70 of the population are peasants people police cattle 等名词一般都用作复数 如 等名词一般都用作复数 如 The police are looking for the lost child 7 由 由 some half a lot of lots of plenty of the rest of the majority of 名词名词 构成的短语以构成的短语以 及由及由 分数或百分数分数或百分数 名词名词 构成的短语作主语 其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数构成的短语作主语 其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数 而定 如 而定 如 There are a lot of people in the classroom The rest of the lecture is wonderful 50 of the students in our class are girls a number of 许多许多 作定语修饰复数名词 谓语用复数 作定语修饰复数名词 谓语用复数 the number of 的数量的数量 主语是 主语是 number 谓语用单数 谓语用单数 8 由 由 kind type series quantity of 等修饰的主语 其谓语形式取决于这些词的单复数而不是等修饰的主语 其谓语形式取决于这些词的单复数而不是 它们后面所跟的名词 如 它们后面所跟的名词 如 Large quantities of water are needed for watering the flowers A new type of bus is now on show 9 在倒装句中 谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致 如 在倒装句中 谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致 如 There comes the bus On the wall are many pictures Such is the result Such are the facts 10 Many a 单数名词 许多 单数名词 许多 more than one 单数名词做主语时 谓语用单数形式 如 单数名词做主语时 谓语用单数形式 如 Many a page in this book is missing More than one student has failed in the exam 注 注 more than 名词复数名词复数 或或 more 名词复数名词复数 than one 做主语时 谓语用复数形式 做主语时 谓语用复数形式 如 如 More than 20 students are playing basketball More people than one are against your plan 11 what who which any more all 等代词可以是单数 也可是复数 主要靠意思来决定 如 等代词可以是单数 也可是复数 主要靠意思来决定 如 Which is your bag Which are your bags All is going well All have gone to Beijing 12 表示 表示 时间 重量 长度 价值时间 重量 长度 价值 等的名词的复数做主语时 谓语动词通常用单数形式 等的名词的复数做主语时 谓语动词通常用单数形式 3 这是由于做主语的名词在概念上是一个整体 如 这是由于做主语的名词在概念上是一个整体 如 Thirty minutes is enough for the work 13 若英语是书名 片名 格言 剧名 报名 国名等的复数形式 其谓语动词通常用单数形 若英语是书名 片名 格言 剧名 报名 国名等的复数形式 其谓语动词通常用单数形 式 如 式 如 The Arabian Nights is an interesting story book 14 表数量的短语 表数量的短语 one and a half 后接复数名词做主语时 其谓语动词可用单数形式 也可用后接复数名词做主语时 其谓语动词可用单数形式 也可用 复数 如 复数 如 One and a half apples is are left on the table 15 一些学科名词是以 一些学科名词是以 ics 结尾 如 结尾 如 mathematics politics physics 以及以及 news works 等 等 都属于形式上是复数的名词 实际意义为单数名词 它们做主语时 其谓语动词要用单数都属于形式上是复数的名词 实际意义为单数名词 它们做主语时 其谓语动词要用单数 形式 如 形式 如 The paper works was built in 1990 I think physics isn t easy to study 16 trousers glasses clothes shoes chopsticks scissors 等词做主语时 谓语用复数 但如果这等词做主语时 谓语用复数 但如果这 些名词前有些名词前有 a the pair of 等量词修饰时 谓语动词用单数 如 等量词修饰时 谓语动词用单数 如 My glasses are broken The pair of shoes is under the bed 17 定冠词定冠词 the 形容词或分词形容词或分词 表示某一类人时 动词用复数 表示某一类人时 动词用复数 如 如 The old are taken good care of here 18 1 当两个主语由 当两个主语由 either or neither nor whether or not only but also not but 连接时 谓语动词和邻近的主语一致 就近原则 如 连接时 谓语动词和邻近的主语一致 就近原则 如 Either the teacher or the students are our friends Neither they nor he is wholly right Is neither he nor they wholly right As far as I know not only his parents but also his brother treats the girl very well 2 there be 句型句型 be 动词单复数取决于其后的主语 如果其后是由动词单复数取决于其后的主语 如果其后是由 and 连接的两个主语 连接的两个主语 则应与靠近的那个主语保持一致 如 则应与靠近的那个主语保持一致 如 There are two chairs and a desk in the room Practice 1 填空填空 1 His Selected Poems be first published in 1965 2 Twenty dollars be enough for the coat 3 The poor woman with her two children see beg in a street corner 4 Is there anybody in the classroom No the teacher as well as the students go to the playground 5 Three fourths of the land cover by forest and grass 6 Have you heard about the new school No when and where to build the new one not decide 7 E mail as well as telephones play an important part in daily communication 8 The worker and poet invite to the party the other day 9 This morning I saw Mr Lee kill a chicken 10 When I was here last year the bridge was seen build by the workers 2 句型转换句型转换 1 Both his father and mother are fond of light music 改为否定句改为否定句 2 We find that it is important to learn a foreign language well 改为简单句改为简单句 3 If you can keep still you can sit on this end of the boat and you can also sit on that end 用用 either or 改变句型改变句型 4 4 Helen is not good at French and John is not good at French either 用用 neither nor 改变句型改变句型 5 We believe that he is honest 改为简单句改为简单句 3 单句改错 单句改错 1 This is one of the most interesting questions that has been asked 2 Many a ship have been damaged in the storm 3 Neither I or he am in favor of her marriage 4 Tom as well as two of his friends were invited to the party 5 About one third of the books is worth reading 6 The number of students from the north are small 7 What may surprise you are that I m going to the US this July on a summer camp 8 More than one worker have been failed in the exam 9 Each boy and each girl have a beautiful dream 10 Maths are one of the most important courses in middle school 4 选择填空选择填空 1 Each of you responsible for the accident A am B be C is D are 2 Each man and woman the same rights A has B have C had D is having 3 Every means tried but without much result A has been B have been C are D is 4 The manager or his assistant planning to go A were B are C was D be 5 Not only I but also David and Iris fond of playing basketball A am B is C are D was 6 Neither Tom nor his parents at home A is B are C has D was 7 Either the dean or the principal the meeting A attends B attend C are attending D have attended 8 was wrong A Not the teacher but the students B Both the students and the teacher C Neither the teacher not the students D Not the students but the teacher 9 The committee over the problem among themselves for two hours A has argued B has been arguing C have argued D have been arguing 10 Tom is the only one of the stall members who to be promoted A is going B are going C has been going D have been going 11 is to attend our evening A both the singer and the dancer B Either the singer or dancers C The singer or dancers D The singer and dancer 5 12 Interest as well as prospects important when one looks for a job A are B were C is D was 13 The president together with his assistants A have arrived B are arriving C had arrived D has arrived 14 A number of cars in front of the park A is parked B was parked C are parked D has parked 15 The number of articles published on smoking amazing A is B are C were D have been 16 Most of the doctors smoking is harmful to health A are believed B had believed C has believed D believe 17 The majority of the damage easy to repair A is B are C were D be 18 Not only the whole nation but the whole Europe indeed the whole human society to change its attitude to racial problems A need B needs C has a need D have a need 19 When and where to go for the on salary holiday yet 03 上海上海 A are not decided B have not been decided C is not being decided D has not been decided 20 The father as well as his three children skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter 06 辽宁辽宁 A is going B go C goes D are going 21 He is the only one of the students who a winner of scholarship for 3 years 02 上海 上海 A is B are C have been D has been 22 A poet and artist coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow A is B are C was D were 06 江苏江苏 23 With more forests being destroyed huge quantities of good earth each year 05 山东山东 A is washing away B is being washed away C are washing away D are being washed away 24 We live day by day but in the great things the time of days and weeks so small that a day is unimportant 07 湖南湖南 A is B are C has been D have been 25 A survey of the opinions experts that 3 hours of outdoor exercise a week good for one s health 07 江西江西 A show are B shows is C show is D shows are 26 Most of what has been said about the Smiths also true of the Johnsons 06 安徽安徽 A are B is C to be 27 Professor Smith along with his assistants on the project day and night to meet the deadline 05 上海上海 A work B working C is working D are working 28 10 湖南 湖南 Listening to loud music at rock concerts caused hearing loss in some teenagers A is B are C has D have 29 10 四川 四川 Such poets as Shakespeare widely read of whose 6 works however some difficult to understand A are are B is is C are is D is are 30 10 全国全国 Barbara is easy to recognize as she s the only one of the women who evening dress A wear B wears C has worn D have worn 31 Nowadays the number of people who hungry been greatly reduced A goes have B goes has C go has D go have 32 Though there only a small quantity of food and water left they managed to arrive at the destination safe and sound A is B was C were D are 33 Twenty five thous