高考英语 最全的定语从句基础篇

1 定语从句基础篇定语从句基础篇 定语从句形成三步法 1 找出相等词 2 重复改引导 3 引导词前置 从句紧相随 定于从句还原三步法 1 找出两关键 2 引导词还原 3 代入从句中 分类 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 定语从句引导词 关系代词 在从句中作主语或宾语 who whom that which whose 作定语 as 关系副词 在从句中作状语 表时间 地点或原因 when where why 限制性定语从句限制性定语从句 1 Yao Ming is a young man who that plays basketball very well 2 Yao Ming is a young man who whom that I admire very much 3 Yao Ming is a young man whose girlfriend is a basketball player as well 4 The man who whom that Yao Ming is talking with is his interpreter 5 The man with whom Yao Ming is talking is his interpreter 2 Summary 当先行词是当先行词是人人时 用时 用 who whom that whose 引导 引导 当关系代词是定语从句的主语时 用当关系代词是定语从句的主语时 用 who that 引导 引导 当关系代词是定语从句的宾语时 用当关系代词是定语从句的宾语时 用 whom who that 引导 或省略 引导 或省略 当关系代词出现在介词后面时 只能用当关系代词出现在介词后面时 只能用 whom 引导 引导 当关系代词作定语从句中的定语时 用当关系代词作定语从句中的定语时 用 whose 引导 引导 1 The computer is a machine that which can do a lot of amazing work 2 The computer is a machine that which she uses almost every day 3 The computer is a machine whose speed of calculation is very fast 4 The machine that which she is working with is called a computer 5 The machine with which she is working is called a computer Summary 当先行词是当先行词是物物时 用时 用 that which whose 引导 引导 当关系代词是定语从句的主语时 用当关系代词是定语从句的主语时 用 that which 引导 引导 当关系代词是定语从句的宾语时 用当关系代词是定语从句的宾语时 用 that which 引导 或省略 引导 或省略 当关系代词出现在介词后面时 只能用当关系代词出现在介词后面时 只能用 which 引导 引导 当关系代词作定语从句中的定语时 用当关系代词作定语从句中的定语时 用 whose 引导 引导 3 Notice that or which 1 This is the 2nd article that I have written in English 2 It is the best film that he has ever seen 3 This is the very book that I want to read 4 All that they told me surprised me 5 They talked about the teachers and schools that they had visited 6 Who is the comrade that was there 7 There is a bed in the room that is still vacant 8 Our village is no longer the place that it used to be 9 He paid the boy 10 for washing the windows most of which hadn t been cleaned at least a year 10 The weather turned out to be very good which was more than we could expect 11 The clever boy made a hole in the wall through which he could see what was going on inside the house Summary that 和和 which 在指物的情况下一般都可以互换在指物的情况下一般都可以互换 但在下列情况下但在下列情况下 一般用一般用 that 而不用而不用 which 1 先行词为 all everything nothing something anything little much 等不定代词时 2 先行词被 all every no some any little much 等修饰时 3 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时 4 先行词被 the only the very just the 修饰时 5 先行词既有人也有物时 6 who which 疑问句 7 两个定语从句时 交换使用 8 先行词在主句中作表语 而关系代词也在从句中作表语时 在下列情况下只用 which 不用 that 1 引导非限定性定语从句 2 直接作介词的宾语 4 3 避免与 that 重复 Notice That is the book The cover of the book is blue That is the book whose cover of which the cover the cover of which is blue 注意 注意 1 关系代词 whose 表示所有关系 在从句中作定语 常用 of which 代替 2 用 of 短语修饰的名词应带有 the whose 则不用 3 of which 短语可放在所修饰的名词前后 whose 只能在前 关系副词关系副词 where when why 1 Where 先行词是地点的名词 在定语从句中充当状语先行词是地点的名词 在定语从句中充当状语 介介 which This is the factory We worked in the factory 3 years ago which that we worked in This is the factory in which we worked where we worked This is the town where I spent my childhood This is the town which that I visited yesterday The table where she is sitting is a new one I visited the house which that once belonged to Lu Xun 先行词是先行词是 situation situation case case pointpoint 都要用都要用 wherewhere 引导引导 2 when 先行词是表时间的名词 在定语从句中充当时间状语 先行词是表时间的名词 在定语从句中充当时间状语 介 介 which I will remember the days I stayed there in the days when I stayed there I will remember the days in which I stayed there 5 which I stayed there in I ll never forget the day when on which I was born This was the time when at which he left for Beijing We will put off the meeting until next week when we won t be busy Do you still remember the days that which we spent in the countryside 3 why 先行词是表原因的名词 作原因状语 先行词是表原因的名词 作原因状语 for which This is the reason I can t finish it for this reason This is the reason for which I can t finish it why I can t finish it Summary 指时间 在定语从句中作时间状语 指地点 在定语从句中作地点状语 指原因 在定语从句中作原因状语 非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句 1 Liu Xiang is a great athlete who won a gold medal in the Athens Olympic Games 2 Liu Xiang is a great athlete whom we are proud of Liu Xiang is a great athlete of whom we are proud 3 Liu Xiang is a great athlete whose aim is to win another gold medal in 2008 1 He is fond of sports cars which are very expensive 2 He is fond of sports cars of which Ferrari is his favorite 3 He is fond of sports cars whose appearances are very attractive the appearances of which are very attractive 6 表所有关系及整体中的一部分或全部时 用介词表所有关系及整体中的一部分或全部时 用介词 of 有时可用有时可用 whose 转换 转换 1 There are 100 teachers in our school 60 are women teachers 2 He has three children two work as teachers 3 That table has four legs all are very short 4 I m painting a house the roof is round 介词 关系代词介词 关系代词 即即 介词 介词 whom which 引导定语从句应注意 引导定语从句应注意 1 介词的选用至少要考虑以下的两个因素 A 与先行词的搭配关系 1 I will never forget the day I joined the army 2 I will never forget the days I worked in the school 3 I will never forget the year my son went to college 4 I got home at 7 00 p m yesterday most people had had supper B 与谓语动词的搭配习惯 1 Have you found the book I paid29 US dollars 2 Have you found the book I spent29 US dollars 3 Have you found the book we learnt a lot 4 Have you found the book she often talks 关系代词和先行词的人称 性 数一致 关系代词和先行词的人称 性 数一致 强调句型的句式结构为 强调句型的句式结构为 It is was 被强调部分被强调部分 that who 从句从句 在强调时间 地点 在强调时间 地点 原因或方式状语时