黑龙江省大庆外国语学校高一英语 知识点 B3M2学案（学生版） 外研版

1 黑龙江省大庆外国语学校高一英语黑龙江省大庆外国语学校高一英语 知识点知识点 B3M2B3M2 学案 学生版 学案 学生版 外研版外研版 IntroductionIntroduction income income pay pay wage wage salarysalary 1 从含义上看 income 指 收入 可指挣来的收入 包括指投资挣来的收入 salary 与 wage 两者都指 工资 薪水 在含义上这是两个互补的词 前者多指脑力劳动 者的工资 通常按月或年发放 而后者多指体力劳动者的工资 通常按周 日或小时付给 多用复数形式 pay 则主要指因工作或劳动所获得的报酬 可包括 salary 和 wage 但更 多的地是指军队的薪饷或津贴 A wage B income C pay D salary 2 My monthly is over 3000 yuan A salary B wage C income D pay ReadingReading 1 1 1 1 147147 worldworld leadersleaders agreeagree toto workwork togethertogether to to P2P2 L4L4 agreeagree toto dodo 同意做某事同意做某事 to to dodo 为不定式作宾语 为不定式作宾语 toto 为不定式的符号为不定式的符号 agreeagree to nto n 同意某人的建议同意某人的建议 计划计划 安排等 安排等 此处的此处的 toto 为介词为介词 例 例 1 Is he going to agree to our suggestion 2 He has agreed to help us out of the difficulty Please be relaxed agreeagree withwith sb one ssb one s words words 1 Do you agree with me about the need for more schools 2 We all agree with your words what you said agreeagree withwith 除了上面用法外 还可以用来表示除了上面用法外 还可以用来表示 与与 一致一致 气候 事物 适合某人 气候 事物 适合某人 等 等 2 1 What you did didn t agree with what you said 2 This kind of food doesn t agree with me 注注 agreeagree 不用于被动语态 不用于被动语态 I I couldn tcouldn t agreeagree more Imore I completelycompletely agree agree 用于口语中用于口语中 表示表示 完全同意完全同意 如 如 I think it s a bad idea I couldn t agree more agreeagree onon 1 We couldn t agree on a date when to meet 关于日期 什么时候见面 我们未能取得一致意见 2 Do we all agree on the best course of action 我们是否一致同意这一最佳措施 练习 练习 1 We making an early start 2 The climate here doesn t him 3 I don t you to make friends with such a man 4 The manager has improve the working condition in the company 5 When did you last hear Jay He phoned me this morning and we agreed a time and place to meet A of to B about with C from with D from on 一言辩之 一言辩之 Tom asked me if my wife agreed to spend the holiday in the north I said that she agreed to my idea so we agreed on a date for it And my wife ageed with what we did 2 2 TheThe indexindex measuresmeasures a a country scountry s achievementsachievements inin threethree ways ways lifelife expectancyexpectancy howhow longlong peoplepeople usuallyusually live live educationeducation andand income income P P 2L4 2L4 1 1 measuremeasure v 评估 衡量 测量 n 措施 方法 计量单位 He measured the length of the desk 他量了桌子的长度 This room measures 6 meters by 4 这个房间有 6 米长 4 米宽 The government is introducing tougher measures to combat crime 政府正引进更强硬的手段来反击犯罪 They took strong measures against dangerous drivers 他们对危害公众的司机采取强 硬的措施 拓展 makemake toto one sone s measuremeasure 按某人的尺寸做按某人的尺寸做 adoptadopt taketake measuresmeasures toto dodo sthsth 采取措施干某事采取措施干某事 beyondbeyond measuremeasure 过度 极其 非常过度 极其 非常 inin large large somesome measuremeasure 在很大在很大 某种程度上某种程度上 measuremeasure upup to to 合格 达到标准 胜任合格 达到标准 胜任 setset measuremeasure toto sth sth 限制限制 measuremeasure thethe length width heightlength width height of of 测量测量 的长的长 宽宽 高高 measuremeasure upup toto 符合 期望 符合 期望 达到 标准 达到 标准 measure 表示 措施 的含义时 应用其复数形式 measures measure 表示 测定 测量 评估 时 是及物动词 后直接加名词作宾语 或用于 be measured in by 结构中 表示 用 来计算 measure 表示 量 有 长 宽 高等 时 是不及物动词 后跟量的结果 不用被 动语态及进行时态 3 练习 练习 1 The job failed to to her expectations 这项工作没有满足她 的期望 2 The government has to help college graduates to find jobs 政府已经采取措施帮助大学生就业 3 The cloth easily if on a table A measures spreading B measures spread C will be measured spread D has been measured spread 4 What measures have been to control the crowd at Saturday s football match A imagined B made C given D taken 2 2 expectancyexpectancy U U 预期 期望 期望的事物预期 期望 期望的事物 I saw the look of expectancy in the children s eyes 我从孩子们眼中看到了期待 的眼神 There was an air of expectancy among the waiting crowd 等待的人群中有一种期盼 的心情 expectexpect v v 预期预期 预计预计 expectantexpectant adj adj 预期的 期待的预期的 期待的 expectantlyexpectantly adv adv 练习 翻译句子练习 翻译句子 You can t expect to learn a foreign language in a few months We were expecting him to arrive yesterday Many people were expecting that the peace talks would break down She looked at him expectantly 3 3 positionposition n n 位置 方位位置 方位 处境 状况处境 状况 地位 身份 职位 地位 身份 职位 P2L11P2L11 v v 安置 安装安置 安装 使处于使处于 The machine can figure out the position of the sun in the sky The financial position of our company is becoming worse and worse The position of women in the society today is much higher Large television screens were positioned at either end of the stadium She quickly positioned herself behind the desk 拓展 拓展 inin a a position position 处于处于 的地位的地位 处境处境 in in outout ofof positionposition 在在 不在适不在适 当的位置当的位置 taketake upup one sone s positionposition 就位就位 占据位置占据位置 getget a a positionposition 获得某职位获得某职位 inin a a goodgood positionposition 情况好情况好 holdhold a a positionposition 担任职务担任职务 shiftshift one sone s positpositionion 改变立场改变立场 练习 练习 财富和地位对她并不重要 2 现在这家公司已准备好在国外市场竞争 3 Until the 1960s the Chinese American began to enter such as doctor lawyer etc 4 A careers B jobs C professions D positions 4 From their on the top of the TV Tower visitors can have a better view of the city 2009 陕西高考 A state B position C condition D situation state situation condition positionstate situation condition position 1 state 1 state 多指身体 心理状况 也可以表示物质存在的状态 多指身体 心理状况 也可以表示物质存在的状态 2 situation 2 situation 既可以表示政治上的形势 局面 也可以表示人或公司等的状况 既可以表示政治上的形势 局面 也可以表示人或公司等的状况 3 condition 3 condition 表示条件 当表示周围的环境时常用复数表示条件 当表示周围的环境时常用复数 conditionsconditions 也可以指主语的也可以指主语的 状态 状况状态 状况 常用于 常用于 inin good badgood bad conditioncondition 等短语中 等短语中 4 position 4 position 指影响自己行为能力的形势 处境 也可以表示职位 位置 地点等 指影响自己行为能力的形势 处境 也可以表示职位 位置 地点等 4 4 makemake suresure thatthat allall childrenchildren havehave educationeducation upup toto thethe ageage ofof 11 11 P P 3 3 L L 5 5 upup toto 直到 到直到 到 为止为止 upup toto 是介词短语 用于表示地点 数量 程度 时间等词前 是介词短语 用于表示地点 数量 程度 时间等词前 直到直到 数目数目 upup toto 直到直到 高至高至 程度程度 直到直到 up up till till 时间时间 The tent can hold up to ten men 这个帐篷可以睡 10 个人 My German isn t up to translating that letter 我的德语达不到能翻译那封信的 程度 What in the world are you up to Stop it at once 你到底在搞什么鬼 还不快住手 bebe upup toto 打算做打算做 正做正做 某种不好的事某种不好的事 bebe upup toto sth sth 打算做打算做 正做 不好的事 正做 不好的事 胜 胜 任任 It sIt s upup toto sb sb toto do do 应由某人做应由某人做 It sIt s upup toto you you 由你来决定 由你来决定 练习 练习 1 Have you finished the book No I ve read up to the children discover the secret cave 2010 全国二卷 A which B what C that D where 2 What do you want to do next We have half an hour until the basketball game Whatever you want to do is fine with me A It just depends B All right C Glad to hear that D It s up to you 3 I can take four people in my car 我的汽车最多能带四个人 4 I have never heard from her 直到现在 5 他无法胜任这份工作 6 What s 她在搞什么鬼 5 5 exampleexample 例子 榜样例子 榜样 P P 4 4 L1 L1 exampleexample ofof 方面的例子方面的例子 He gave several examples of the ways to solve this problem setset anan exampleexample 树立一个榜样树立一个榜样 She arrived at the office early to set an example to the others bebe anan exampleexample toto sbsb 是某人学习的榜样是某人学习的榜样 He is an example to all of us 5 followfollow one sone s exampleexample 仿效某人仿效某人 It would be a mistake to follow his example 练习练习 1 1 这部词典有许多关于词语用法的示例 这部词典有许多关于词语用法的示例 2 2 他的勇气式我们大家的榜样 他的勇气式我们大家的榜样 6 6 but but wewe needneed toto makemake greatergreater effortsefforts P5 P5 L2 L2 I know you don t like her but you could make an effort to be polite 我知道你不喜欢她 但是你应该尽量礼貌一些 The local clubs are making every effort to interest more young people 地方俱乐部正在尽一切努力来吸引更多的年轻人 We should spare no effort to beautify our environment 我们应该不遗余力地美化我们的环境 拓展 拓展 sparespare nono efforteffort 不遗余力不遗余力 makemake everyevery efforteffort many many efforts efforts a a goodgood efforteffort toto dodo sthsth 尽一切努力干尽一切努力干 without without withwith effortsefforts 容易地 不费力地容易地 不费力地 努力地 艰难地努力地 艰难地 throughthrough sb ssb s effortsefforts 通过某人努力通过某人努力 注意注意 effort 作 努力 讲时 为不可数名词不可数名词 作 费力的事情 花精力的事情 讲时是可数名可数名 词词 They have put a lot of effort into their garden this summer 这个夏天 他们对他们的花园倾注了不少心血 It was a real effort to stay awake in the lecture 在讲座过程中不打瞌睡 真得 费很大的劲 练习 练习 1 In my opinion it was really a great for her to be pleasant to people she didn t like A trouble B sorrow C effort D horror 2 I would no effort to fill it to your satisfaction A spare B spend C have D tend 3 Great efforts must be to improve the living conditions here A taken B made C put D through 7 7 figurefigure n n 数字 图形 数字 图形 人 动物 雕像 人物 身材人 动物 雕像 人物 身材 v v 计算 认为 以为计算 认为 以为 P P 13 13 ActivityActivity 4 4 She does exercise every morning to keep her figure 她每天早上做运动以保持体形 His score is now well into double figures 他的得分已经两位数了 She is always had a good figure 她身材一向很好 Have you figured in the cost of food for our holiday 你把咱们度假的食物费用计算进去了吗 I figured that he was drunk and shouldn t be allowed to drive 我认为他喝醉了 不应该让他开车 拓展 拓展 keepkeep one sone s figurefigure 保持身材保持身材 thethe latestlatest salessales figuresfigures 最新的销最新的销 售数字售数字 a a squaresquare figurefigure 方形方形 a a historicalhistorical figurefigure 历史人物历史人物 6 figurefigure outout 想出 理解出 算出想出 理解出 算出 figurefigure onon 计划 打算 预料到计划 打算 预料到 figurefigure sth sth inin 将某物考虑将某物考虑 计算在内计算在内 bebe becomebecome a a figurefigure ofof funfun 成为成为 笑柄笑柄 练习 练习 I can t why she said so 我无法理解她为何这么说 我们认为明智的做法是等待 Have you the cost of the meals 你已经把伙食费算计去了吗 I can t what has happened to the vegetables for they were freshly picked this morning A look out B take out C work out D figure out 5 Last night he saw two dark enter the building and then there was the explosion A features B sketches C figures D images Listening Listening 1 1 unfortunateunfortunate adj adj 倒霉的 不幸的 使人遗憾的倒霉的 不幸的 使人遗憾的 P16 P16 The unfortunate people who were playing near the sea lost their lives I would like to apologize for this unfortunate mistake fortunatefortunate adj adj fortunatelyfortunately adv adv unfortunatelyunfortunately adv adv fortunefortune n n 运气 机会运气 机会 U U 巨款 巨款 C C makemake a a fortunefortune 发财发财 bebe fortunatefortunate toto dodo sth sth I have been fortunate to visit many parts of the world bebe fortunatefortunate inin doingdoing sth sth I was fortunate in having a good teacher 翻译 翻译 1 算他运气好 我准时到了 2 让家里人吃味道好又健康的餐食并不需要花许多钱 2 2 bebe connectedconnected withwith 与与 有联系有联系 P16 P16 It can be a great help for you to be connected with the world bebe connectedconnected toto 连通 连接连通 连接 The printer is connected to the computer connectconnect upup to to sth sth 将将 与电源 气等 连接起来 与电源 气等 连接起来 She connected up the two computers 翻译句子 翻译句子 我们等待着电话接通 我们等待着电话接通 他与那起犯罪毫无关联 他与那起犯罪毫无关联 CulturalCultural CornerCorner bebe closeclose toto 靠近 接近 靠近 接近 be be nearnear toto 即将发生 即将发生 P19 P19 The two countries are close to signing a peace agreement 两国即将签署和平协议 Our translation should be close to the original 我们的翻译应忠实于原文 拓展 拓展 a a closeclose gamegame 势均力敌的比赛势均力敌的比赛 a a closeclose friendfriend 密友密友 7 closeclose upup 商店 关闭 停业 商店 关闭 停业 closeclose downdown 商店 工厂 倒闭 商店 工厂 倒闭 close say what you like 练习 练习 1 The two events are connected 这两件事联系密切 2 Don t stand so to her 不要站得离她太近 It sIt s anan agreementagreement betweenbetween townstowns oror citiescities ofof similarsimilar sizesize andand ageage andand whichwhich havehave similarsimilar featuresfeatures suchsuch asas tourismtourism industryindustry cultureculture andand enteentertainmentrtainment of of 某些抽象名词 某些抽象名词 可用来描述人或事物的特征 该结构在句中可作表语或定语 可用来描述人或事物的特征 该结构在句中可作表语或定语 1 be 1 be ofof 抽象名词 抽象名词 bebe 该名词相对应的形容词 该名词相对应的形容词 It s of much possibility very possible to misunderstand each other in life 生活中人与人之间发生误会是很可能的 注意 在此结构中 如果后面的名词前有不定冠词注意 在此结构中 如果后面的名词前有不定冠词 a a anan 则这个冠词相当于 则这个冠词相当于 t thehe samesame The two boys are of an the same age These bottles are of a the same size 2 2 还有些抽象名词没有相应的形容词形式 还有些抽象名词没有相应的形容词形式 bebe ofof thethe size weight height depth length age colour size weight height depth length age colour shape kind typeshape kind type This dictionary is of great much use to learners of English This dictionary is very useful to learners of English 这本词典对英语学习者很 有用 The work I am doing at the moment is not of very much value 8 练习练习 1 Do you think the concert last weekend was of A much success B successful C very success D very successful 2 You will find this map of great in helping you to get round London A price B cost C value D usefulness 3 3 exchangeexchange 1 1 vt vt 交换交换 调换调换 兑换兑换 常用搭配 常用搭配 exchangeexchange sth sth withwith sb sb forfor sth sth 用某物和某人交用某物和某人交 换某物换某物 I d like to exchange some pounds for dollars We ll have an opportunity to exchange views tomorrow At the end of the game players traditionally exchange shirts with each other 2 2 c n 交流交流 交易交易 inin exchangeexchange forfor 作为交换作为交换 makemake anan exchangeexchange 交换交换 An exchange of opinions is helpful What is the rate of exchange between the pound and the mark 汇率 I ve offered to paint the kitchen in exchange for a week s accommodation 注意 exchange 着重强调双方的行为和动作 change 侧重单方的行为和动作 练习 练习 1 I ve just bought this tie but can I that blue one A change it into B exchange it into C exchange it for D exchange for 2 At the end of the game players traditionally shirts each other A change with B exchange with C change to D exchange to 3 They a glance before they signed their names in the paper A changed B turned C had D exchanged 4 If you agree to our proposal of a barter 以物换物 trade we ll give you paper your timber A in exchange for B exchange C exchange for D exchange with 4 4 practisepractise practicepractice v v finish practise be worth be busy 完成 实践 值得 忙 keep on be used to give up 继续 习惯 别放弃 consider suggest can t help feel like 考虑 建议 不禁 想 enjoy miss mind 喜欢 思念 要介意 练习练习 Bill suggested a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation A having held B to hold C holding D hold 5 5 ThisThis isis becausebecause livingliving withwith a a foreignforeign familyfamily meansmeans thatthat youyou havehave toto speakspeak theirtheir language language andand asas a a resultresult youyou improveimprove fast fast 句子结构 句子结构 This is because 表语从句 原因 这是因为 This it is why 结果 这就是为什么 I I gotgot upup latelate thisthis morningmorning soso I I waswas latelate forfor school school 9 a I got up late this morning b I was late for school this morning Living with a foreign family means that that 引导的宾语从句 asas a a resultresult as a consequence in the consequence 因此 asas a a resultresult ofof as a consequence of in consequence of 由于 Jack didn t work hard at his lessons as a result he failed in the exam She was late as a result of the heavy snow 拓展拓展 result in 导致 result from 起因于 without result 毫无结果 The confusion results from the strike The strike results in the confusion 罢工导致混乱 练习 1 Jenny nearly missed the flight doing too much shopping A as a result of B on top of C in front of D in need of 2 his carelessness he didn t pass the exam A As a result B As a result of C Because D Since GrammarGrammar linklink wordswords 1 Norway is at the top of the list while the United States is at number 7 2 The UK is in the thirteenth position while China is in the middle of the list 3 Although more than 80 of children in developing countries go to primary school 4 Although developed countries give some financial help they need to give much more WhileWhile 做连词除引导时间状语从句外 还可以表示前后句之间的做连词除引导时间状语从句外 还可以表示前后句之间的对比转折对比转折 由 由 althoughalthough 引导的让步状语从句 可译为引导的让步状语从句 可译为 虽然虽然 常用于句首 且不与 常用于句首 且不与 butbut 连用 连用 均为让步状语从句均为让步状语从句 althoughalthough thoughthough 用法用法 1 两词同义并可换用 但 although 语气较重 通常放在句首并用于正式场合 如 I d quite like to go out al though it is a bit late 我很想外出 虽然为时稍晚 Although it was snowing it was not very cold 虽然下着雪 但并不很冷 2 用 though 时 可将强调的词前置 但 although 不能 as 也有此种倒装结构 如 Poor though as he is he is happy 虽然他穷 但过得很愉快 Child though as she was the actress was drawing a crowd 尽管还是个孩子 这 个女演员却引起了人们的注目 child 前无冠词 a 3 although 引导从句常指事实 而 though 引导的句子可表假设 如 Let s start as arranged though it rains tomorrow 即使明天下雨 咱们也按预定的 计划出发吧 假设 He was not unhappy although he had to live alone 虽然得一个人生活 他毫无不快 之感 事实 4 although 只用作连词 而 though 除作连词外 还可用作副词 常置句末句子较长时也 置于句中 如 It s hard work I enjoy it though 这是苦差事 可我干得颇有乐趣 10 There s no excuse though for hurting her feelings 伤到她的感情一事 还是不可 原谅 5 though 可用于 even though as though 等结构 although 则不能 如 Even though I fail I ll keep on trying 我纵然失败 仍会继续尝试下去 You look as though as if you know each other 看起来你们好像彼此认识 6 although 和 though 用作连词时不能和 but 连用 但可跟 yet still 等连用 如 Although he lives alone yet he is happy He lives alone but he is happy 7 though 常用于省略句 如 Though he is alone he is happy although 连 conj 的用法 1 although though 和 but 就如同 because 和 so 一样 不可同时用来连接两个子句 2 although though 虽然 however 然而 不过 也可表达同样意思 但必须放在另 一句之首 though 和 however 可放句首 句尾 但 although 不能放句尾 句型 Even Although Though 附属子句 原因 主要子句 结果 主要子句 结果 even although though 附属子句 原因 原附属子句 原因 However 原主要子句 结果 原附属子句 原因 原主要子句 结果 however though 例句 Even although I left home earlier I was late for school I was late for school even though I left home earlier I left home earlier However I was late for school I left home earlier I was late for school however 1 1 However However thethe challengeschallenges areare stillstill great great 2 2 HoweverHowever inin otherother regionsregions ofof thethe world world e g e g 2 2 HealthHealth carecare isis improvingimproving inin towns towns HoweverHowever therethere isis stillstill a a lotlot ofof diseasedisease inin countrycountry areas areas 3 3 MostMost childrenchildren gogo toto primaryprimary butbut notnot manymany receivereceive anan educationeducation afterafter thethe ageage ofof 11 11 HoweverHowever 放于放于句首句尾句中句首句尾句中都可以都可以 但有但有逗号逗号与之隔开 与之隔开 ButBut 转折意义更强烈转折意义更强烈 既可以连接两个句子既可以连接两个句子 又可以连接句子中的两个并列成分