湖北省黄石市2014高考英语 阅读理解训练题（8）

1 湖北省黄石市湖北省黄石市 20142014 高考英语阅读理解训练题 高考英语阅读理解训练题 8 8 及答案 及答案 新闻报道型阅读理解 一 The crisis at Japan s Fukushima Dai Ichi nuclear energy center has raised questions about the future of the nuclear energy industry Arjun Makhijani is president of the Institute for Energy and Environmental Research in the United States He says the disaster in Japan is historic This week the chairman of America s nuclear agency said there is little chance that harmful radiation from Japan could reach the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission Chairman Gregory Jaczko also said America has a strong program in place to deal with earthquake threats No new nuclear power centers have been built in the United States since 1979 That was when America s worst nuclear accident happened at the Three Mile Island center in Pennsylvania The accident began to turn public opinion against nuclear energy To support more clean energy production the Obama government has been seeking billions of dollars in government loan guarantees to build new centers Presently about twenty percent of electricity in the United States comes from nuclear energy But critics say nuclear power is too costly and dangerous to be worth further expansion German prime minister Angela Merkel said Germany would close all seven nuclear power centers for a moment while energy policy is reconsidered The European Union is planning to test all centers in its twenty seven member nations Developing nations are less willing to slow nuclear expansion China said it would continue with plans to build about twenty five new nuclear plants And India under a cooperation agreement with the United States plans to spend billions on new centers in the coming years Japan has made nuclear energy a national priority since the 1970s Unlike many major economies Japan imports eighty percent of its energy The Nuclear Energy Institute said twenty nine percent of Japan s electricity came from nuclear sources in 2011 The government planned to increase that to forty percent by 2017 2 Nuclear plants supply fourteen percent of global electricity Nuclear energy is a clean resource producing no carbon gases But radioactive waste is a serious unresolved 未解决的 issue So is the presence of nuclear power centers in earthquake areas like the one nea r Bushehr Iran 6 Which of the following countries is the least likely to expand its use of nuclear energy A China B India C Iran D Germany 7 The government of Japan intended to increase its nuclear energy in 2017 by compared with 2011 A 29 B 40 C 69 D 11 8 Which of the following statements about the use of nuclear power in the U S is TRUE A Most of the electricity comes from nuclear energy in the U S B The Obama government is against building nuclear power plants C A small number of nuclear power plants have been built since 1979 D A serious nuclear accident happened in America at the end of the 1970s 9 What s the main idea of this passage A The nuclear crisis in Japan has spread to other parts of the world B The situation of the world s nuclear power development after the crisis in Japan C Japan s nuclear disaster will slow the expansion of nuclear plants all over the world D Japan s nuclear disaster won t affect the nuclear energy production in other countries 10 From the last sentence of the passage we can see the writer s attitude towards building a nuclear power plant near Bushehr Iran is A supportive B optimistic C negative D uncertain 一 本文为新闻 主要报道各国的核能使用状况及相关态度 6 D 细节理解题 根据第四段 German prime minister Angela Merkel said Germany would close all seven nuclear power centers for a moment while energy policy is reconsidered 可知德国将暂时关闭七座核电站 故选 D 3 7 D 细节理解题 根据倒数第二段 The Nuclear Energy Institute said twenty nine percent of Japan s electricity came from nuclear sources in 2011 The government planned to increase that to forty percent by 2017 可推断选 D 40 29 11 8 D 细节理解题 根据第二段 No new nuclear power centers have been built in the United States since 1979 That was when America s worst nuclear accident happened at the Three Mile Island center in Pennsylvania 可判断选 D 9 B 主旨大意题 日本核辐射引发了全球对核能使用的反思 继而报道了各国对核能 的使用状况及相关态度 由此判断全文主题应该是 B 项 10 C 推理判断题 根据画线句前的 But radioactive waste is a serious unresolved 未解决的 issue 再结合对画线句的理解可判断 作者对在伊朗布什尔地震多 发地区建立核电站的做法持反对态度 故选 C 结束 Alice s Adventures in Wonderland is one of the most loved children s books of all time and many adults enjoy it as well It tells the story of a young girl named Alice who follows a rabbit entering a magical world called Wonderland She has many experiences which seem to change the rules of reasoning or common sense The popularity of the book comes from its imagination interesting story and art work The writer of the book is Lewis Carroll In fact Lewis Carroll was not the writer s real name His real name was Charles Dodgson One day he took a boat ride down the Thames River to have a picnic with three little girls who were friends of the family To keep them enter tained on the ride he told them a story in which Alice the middle child was the main character They enjoyed the story very much Charles later wrote the story down under the name Alice s Adeventures Under Ground and gave it to Alice as a Christmas present Later he gave a copy to his friend george MacDonald George read it to his children and they loved it George suggested to Charles that he make a book from his story Charles then wrote more parts to the story until it was around 35 000words It was first 4 printed in 1866 with art work by John tenniel under the name Alice s Adventures in Wonderland The book was animmediate Success One of its first fans was Queen Victoria She immediately requested a collection of all of Lewis Carroll s works She was surprised to find that they included many works on math In fact Charles Dogdgson was a highly respected mathematician This can be seen in many puzzles and plays on reasoning that appear in his books and poems Since the story was first printed it has kept selling up to the present day It has been translated into over fifty languages and has had several movies based on it 9 The passage is mainly about A Charles family life B the birth of a book and its lasting influences C a magical world called Wonderland D a girl s adventurous experiences 10 Who first had the idea of making a book from the story Alice Adventures Under Ground A Alice B Charles C George D John 11 We can learn from the passage that A Queen Victoria asked for a copy of Alice s Adventures in wonderland B Charles had a gift for reasoning and writing C Charles had all his works translated into fifty languages D Alice s adventures Under Ground also sold well 12 Which of the following is the right order of the passage a Charles gave his story to Alice as a Christmas present b Charles had a picnic with three little girls on the Thames c Alice s Adventures in wonderland was first printed in 1866 5 d More parts were added to the story by Charles e The book won a large number of fans A cbade B cabed C badce D baced 9 12 BC BC 结束 The science of physics today is as current as the morning newspaper Indeed as a result of new advances in physics and their rapid application to inventions designed to satisfy man s wants the world itself has been changing rapidly Space technology industrial technology and the technology of the home the farm the office the bank and the department store have all been revolutionized Clearly every grown up today would understand the world he lives in much better if he knew something about physics Whether it be Congress 美国国会 voting huge sums of money for new warships space exploration or atomic energy the office staff learning to use a new computer son Bobby wanting to know about going to the moon or the housewife learning to operate a new electric stove physics seems to be everywhere Teachers in thousands of schoolrooms in America are trying to communicate some of the excitement and importance of these new developments to their students They know that some of their eager students will someday be scientists and will them selves then contribute 贡献 to the development of new knowledge or its application to new things But in any case they can be sure that if they bring a knowledge of science any science to their students in meaningful and stimulating ways they have contributed much to helping each one live a more meaningful life 13 The application of new advances in physics to inventions A may solve all the problems in teaching 6 B can help people understand the meaning of life C is intended to meet people s needs D makes people understand the voting rules of the Congress 14 According to the passage many American teachers are making efforts to do all of the following EXCEPT A arousing 激起 their students interest in physics B making their students understand the importance of physics C giving their students the information of new advances in science D creating excitement about physical education among their students 15 The word themselves in the third paragraph refers to A some of the eager students B the students in the classroom C the teachers giving lessons D all the scientists in physics 16 The first two paragraphs of the passage mainly tell us about A new advances in physics can result in new inventions B physics is widely used in our life C the world has been changing rapidly D space and industrial technology have all been revolutionized 13 16 CDB B 结束 Health Health WellnessWellness andand thethe PoliticsPolitics ofof FoodFood 9 00 9 45 a m Blue Tent Panelists 成员 Jami Bernard David Kamp Marion Nestle and Peter Singer Hosted by Denise Grady science writer for the New York Times How does what we eat not only affect our bodies but also the world The food and nutrition experts debate the role that the diet plays in both personal and global health and present a look at food politics SportsSports WritingWriting ForFor thethe LoveLove ofof thethe GameGame 9 50 10 35 a m Blue Tent 7 Panelists Christine Brennan Ira Rosen Joe Wallace and Joe Drape Hosted by William C Rhoden sports writer for the New York Times Whether catching that key moment of victory or defeat or covering breaking news sports writers are anything but audience Listen as some professionals discuss the special experience in reporting of sports news TheThe ArtArt ofof thethe ReviewReview 11 15 12 00 a m Green Tent Panelists John Freeman Barry Gewen David Orr Celia McGee and Jennifer Schuessler Hosted by Sam Tanenhaus editor for the New York Times Book Review How much of an effect does the book review have on book sales Join this group of critics 评论家 as they discuss the reality of book review and best seller lists and how they choose books for review NewNew YorkYork Writers Writers NewNew YorkYork StoriesStories 3 00 3 45 p m Green Tent Panelists Cindy Adams Richard Cohen Ric Klass and Lauren Redniss Hosted by Clyde Haberman columnist 专栏作家 for the City Section of the New York Times Join this inspiring group of New York centric writers as they talk about why New York is a gold mine of ideas for their work 11 If you are free in the afternoon you can attend A The Art of the Review B New York Writers New York Stories C Health Wellness and the Politics of Food D Sports Writing For the Love of the Game 12 If you like sports writing you will most probably A go to Blue Tent at 11 15 a m B enjoy Jami Bernard s talk C listen to Christine Brennan D attend the Art of the Review 13 Sam Tanenhaus is in charge of A The Art of the Review B Health Wellness and the Politics of Food C New York Writers New York Stories D Sports Writing For the Love of the Game 8 14 All the four activities above A are about writing B will last 45 minutes each C can be attended freely D will attract many readers 15 We can learn from the text that A sports writers are a type of audience B the New York Times is popular C Denise Grady will discuss politics D book reviews may affect book sales 二 二 本文是广告阅读 主要介绍四项活动开展的时间 成员 主办者及活动的基本内容 11 B 细节理解题 比较四项活动举行的时间 可判断只有 New York Writers New York Stories 在下午举行 故选 B 12 C 细节理解题 根据第二个活动的介绍可判断选 C 13 A 细节理解题 根据 The Art of the Review Hosted by Sam Tanenhaus editor for The New York Times Book Review 可判断选 A 14 B 推理判断题 计算四项活动举行的时间可推断四项活动举行的时间都长达 45 分 钟 故选 B 15 D 推理判断题 根据 How much of an effect does the book review have on book sales Join this group of critics 评论家 as they discuss the reality of book review and best seller lists and how they choose books for review 可判断选 D 结束 科普知识型阅读理解 一 一 When top engineers in Germany wanted to build a more energy efficient car they headed to the natural history museum to study dolphins and sharks But it was the boxfish 盒子鱼 that interested them We were surprised when this clumsy looking fish became our model for designing an aerodynamic 空气动力学的 car says Thomas Weber He is the research and development chief for the car company Daimler An aerodynamic 9 design reduces wind drag and increases fuel efficiency The boxfish may look clumsy but it can start stop back up and zigzag 曲折前进 through the water with ease And it does all this using surprisingly little energy Daimler s bionic 仿生学的 car is modeled on the fish s boxy skeletal 骨骼的 system Like the fish the car is fast and drives easily It s efficient too The science behind nature inspired inventions is called biomimicry 生物 仿生 Biologist Janine Benyus came up with the term As co founder of the Biomimicry Guild she has worked with cereal companies sneaker designers and others to develop products based on Nature s best ideas This month the Nature s 100 Best List will be revealed at the World Conservation Congress 代表大会 in Barcelona Spain Benyus co authored the list of nature inspired designs with economist Gunter Pauli In Zimbabwe a country in southern Africa engineers designed energy efficient buildings modeled on termite 白蚁 mounds 土堆 The buildings use vents 孔 to keep the air flowing and the temperature cool A company in Atlanta US developed a self cleaning paint modeled on the lotus 荷花 leaf When the paint dries it becomes bumpy 不平的 just like the lotus leaf Rain drops form on the bumps and roll off carrying dirt along with them Nature has done billions of years of research Only the best designed products have survived Companies owe Mother Nature a debt for all that hard work says Benyus For scientists and inventors the possibilities for copying nature are limitless Technology may never be as efficient as nature or as colorful But that doesn t mean we should stop trying to learn from the world around us Take a walk outside Watch a squirrel climb up a tree Look closely at the veins 纹 理 of a leaf Hear the birds chirping in the trees Such small details may help solve big problems in the future 6 Which is TRUE according to the passage A In America a self cleaning paint was modeled on the lotus flower B Zimbabwe engineers learned from termites to create highly advanced heating systems C After the boxfish many other ideas of new products are borrowed 10 from nature D Nature is a good source to turn to for improving technology 7 The clumsy looking boxfish interested the scientists because of the following reasons EXCEPT that A it swims using little energy B being boxy it looks quite like a car C some engineers had researched on how to swim easily in the water D it is a speedy swimmer 8 Why did top engineers in Germany go to the natural history museum A They wanted to pay a visit to the animals there because they were so lovely B They wanted to carry out a research of boxfish and