近郊和远郊生态农业旅游规划的差异_英文_

Journal of Landscape Research 2011 3 12 66 70Editor Chan ZhenzhenProofreader Wu Xiaoyan Comparisonof Eco agriculturalTourismDesign between Suburbs and Outer Suburbs JIN Zhi geng1 2 YANG Shu ying1 OUYANG Kai1 1 College of Bio science Bio technology Hunan Agricultural University Changsha Hunan 410128 China 2 Shaoshan Commission for Discipline Inspection of Hunan Province Shaoshan Hunan 411300 China Abstract After the review of eco agricultural tourism development the paper has pointed out that domestic and foreign scholars have made extensive and deep researches on its connotation value development form planning methods and technologies and ecological process and mechanism but they have made few studies on the difference of eco agriculture between suburbs and outer suburbs Hence after pointing out the difference between suburbs and outer suburbs in terms of social and economic foundation and landscape and eco system structure it has analyzed that suburbs and outer suburbs differ from each other in overall development thought priority development mode systematic construction and land scape optimization during the specific planning of eco agricultural tourism guided by relevant theories of landscape ecology system ecology and ecological economics Key wordsLandscape Element Structure Planning The rapid development of social economy dramatic enlargement of population scale and constant increase of urbanization ratio have led to the leap of grain demand sharp decrease of cultivated lands and deterioration of environment and promoted traditional agricultural production developing into petroleum agriculture causing the damage of agricultural eco system and pollution of agricultural environment 1 This vi cious circle makes people begin to rethink and explore the scientific agricultural production form People living in large cities for a long time start to look forward to pastoral leisure life after work Meanwhile modern science and technology have provided conditions for the diversification and interestingness of agricultural production Hence eco agricultural tourism emerges as the times require Eco agricultural construction and eco agricultural tourism have developed for decades of years generating good economic effect 2 3 Eco agricultural tourism pays attention to the participation of farming labor experience of rural interest and folk culture and obtaining of ecological and agricultural knowledge with rural eco environment as the background eco agriculture and rural culture as the resources basis protecting nature as the core and agricultural production and tourism sightseeing as the primary functions 4 Eco agricultural tourism planning is to plan and design landscape layer eco system layer and layers below communi ties in the target area by using 3S technology system simula tion modeling analysis and so on according to the theory and methods of landscape economy system ecology landscape ecology and agricultural ecology 2 With horizontal optimization Received October 18 2011 Accepted December 19 2011 Supported by the Special Study of Changsha City of Hunan Province Establishing Ecological Civilization City that is Research on Changsha City Establishing Ecological Civilization City E mail 532960279 qq com of landscape pattern and vertical optimization of landscape unit as basic forms 5 eco agricultural tourism can guide the influence of human activity on landscape evolution into the virtuouscircle fully increase the efficiency of energy and material investment improve the total productivity land and water production potential and stability optimize and beautify landscape and display the comprehensive value economic ecological and aesthetic value of landscape as the human living environment so as to form a new efficient and harmonious artificial natural landscape and achieve the sustainable development of regional agriculture 1 Domestic and foreign scholars have made wide and deep researches on the connotation value development patterns planning methods and technologies of eco agricultural tourism landscape pattern and biological diversity and pests catastrophic mechanism 6 However in the construction practice there exist many problems such as mutual copy unclear features weak radiating capacity excessive artificial intervention inconsistence with urban rural regional characteristic and non sustainability The theoretical researches are still dominated by case analysis and appearance analysis weak in system and comprehensiveness and simple in research methods and means 7 As for the planning of eco agricultural tourism at suburbs and outer suburbs the researches are much fewer Therefore based on the analysis of the difference between suburbs and outer suburbs in terms of basic factors landscape and eco system structure the paper has discussed the difference of overall development thought priority development mode systematic construction landscape optimization and methods of eco agricultural tourism planning between suburbs and outer suburbs so as to provide a reference for more scientific planning of eco agricultural tourism by the broad scholars In accordance with the research on the scale and distance of China urban system by GONG Mao jun and CAO Guang JIN Zhi geng et al Comparison of Eco agricultural Tourism Design between Suburbs and Outer Suburbs67 zhong 8 based on China Statistical Yearbook 9 and relevanthills which are more in species large in quantity and small in contents about urban geography 10 the research has made aaverage area Patches are mostly divided into regular polygons definition of suburbs and outer suburbs Suburbs refer to theby roads Landscape corridors primarily consist of complicated areas within 30 km away from the city with a permanentroads irrigation channels and river channels Thegeneral resident population of more than 1 million or within 10 km awaynetwork connectivity of corridors is higher but natural corridors from the city with a permanent resident population of about 0 3are narrow and poor in connectivity 5 Landscape patterns in million the social economic development of which is in posses many suburban areas of the same city are similar and sion of urban rural characteristics and part of the basic facilitieslandscape dynamics is mainly controlled by men The trophic construction of which has been incorporated into municipal con structure of suburban eco system is simple resistance and struction planning The area covering about 10 km2is suitablestability are poor independence degree is low and rapid urbaniza forthedevelopment of eco agricultural tourism They aretion seriously affects the suburb Therefore it needs to import a subordinate to a district of the prefectural level city or towns oflarge amount of material and artificial auxiliary energies from the the county Outer suburbs are 30 km away from the city withoutside of the system The information flow and biological flow are heavy rural atmosphere rivers integrating with mountains fullalmost controlled by human completely After being separated of wildinterest The area suitablefor the development offrom human the system will rapidly degenerate 2 6 eco agricultural tourism is more than 20 km2 In converse outer suburbs have natural half natural landscape The basement is farmlands with rivers and 1Causes for the difference of eco agricul mountainsintegratingtogether Patchesprimarilycontain lakes forestandvillages The average areaofpatches is tural tourism planning at suburbs and outer large and the edge cirrus is more Corridors include rivers and suburbsshelter forest belts Natural and cultural landscapes in different 1 1Difference in social and economic foundationFor aplaces differ from each other obviously and have prominent long time there exists an urban rural development gap in mostcharacteristics Landscape dynamics is primarily controlled by parts of China In addition due to the natural and ecologicalthe nature The trophic structure of outer suburb eco system is system many factors of suburbs and outer suburbs appear tocomplicated Resistance stability and restoringforce are be different primarily manifesting as follows strong The system can finish information feedback and control 1 1 1Transport Transportfacilities and publictransportbiological flow itself and after being divorced from human con system of the suburbs are developed convenient for tourists totrol it will not degenerate rapidly 3 8 have a tour and sightseeing and the export of fresh agricultural products As for those of outer suburbs it is converse 2Difference of eco agriculturaltourism 1 1 2Tourist sources Suburb tourists are usually individual planningbetweensuburbsandouter tourists and short termtourists Tourist quantity is large in gross and small in batch tourists are more in holidays andsuburbs fewer in working days it has more one day tours and fewerThe difference of ecological factors between suburbs and several day tours and the seasonal difference is unobvious outer suburbs decides the difference between eco agricultural As for outer suburb tourism tourism quantity is small in grosstourism planning and design of them in terms of overall devel and large in batch it has more several day tours and feweropment thought landscape optimization and systematic one day tours the seasonal difference is obvious and touristsconstruction concentrate on holidays 2 1Difference inoveralldevelopmentthoughtThe 1 1 3Land features Cities aremanly establishedon flatoverall development thought of outer suburbs is as follows with areas and urban construction has occupied large lands Hence urban development pattern as the dominant factor tourism the suburbs are generally flat and land resources are insuffi guiding production integrated creation as the feature exquisite cient Outer suburbs have diversified terrains and landforms scene recreational leisure and agricultural scenic knowledge as abundant landresources richlandscape and complicatedthe main attractions establishing tourist circle and excellent eco system structure public reputation as the primary promotion forms family groups 1 1 4Culturalcharacteristics Suburbsareseriouslyas the main service objects it should adopt the pattern of influenced by the city and its development strength is strong concentration in a large scale and decentralization in a small Their urbanization character is obvious and modernizationscale and enhance artificial decoration of the nature atmosphere isheavy Outer suburbs havewellpreservedThe overall thought of the outer suburb eco agricultural traditional farming culture and complete agricultural productiontourism is paying attention to group development and tourism procedure with farming landscape and regional folk customscircle group layout with rural feature as the dominant factor evidently distinguished from the city Tourism should retain the natural beauty and create the regional 1 2Difference in landscape and eco system structurefeature as far as possible based on the production with broad Suburb eco tourist area is small in scale and high in landscapeand magnificent landscape health leisure folk culture and heterogeneity It has artificial half natural landscape Itslarge scale theme tourism activities as primary attractions landscape basement is highly artificial farmland landscapemodern media publicity and tour group as main promotion which is high in fragmentation and low in dominance Land methods and large tourism groups as major service objects scape patches mainly contain residential areas pools and small2 2DifferenceinprioritydevelopmentIntheory the 68Journal of Landscape Research2011 areas with corresponding conditions could adopt properrural integration into account and agricultural and forestry land development modes But based on different advantages thescape should be the important supplement of urban greening suitability of different priority development modes is different insystem Residential spots should be constructed in concentra suburbs and outer suburbs 11 13 The development modes oftion gradually achieving intensive land use eco agricultural tourism are flexible and diversified andSystematic construction of outer suburbs should pay common modes are as follows attention to comprehensive realignment of rural environment 2 2 1Characteristic industry driving mode The area withnew countryside construction project and the construction of agricultural resources as the dominance possessing character ecological towns and villages Landscape reconstruction should isticagriculturalproducts activemarketdemandandcontribute to the enhancement of life support environment puri corresponding industrial cluster can implement one to one fication and products provision of eco system 6 The residen specialized productionand operation andwalkthe themetial areas are generally distributed in the pattern of concentra radiation development road by centering on a certain or severaltion in a large scale and decentralization in a small scale It characteristic eco agricultural products and the industrial chain suggests not constructing residences in communities The For example fruit picking gardens are with quality and charac decentralized residences in the form of near the mountain and teristic fruits as the core and have combined natural sceneryby the river can contribute more to the construction of beautiful and the experience of flowers appreciating fruits tasting andcourtyard landscape in different styles and the intensive use of DIY fruit juice preserved fruit together enriching landscapequality land resources connotation have combined verticalagriculture with catering2 4Difference in landscape optimizationLandscape and lodging completing the structure of agricultural eco system optimization primarily includes the optimization of horizontal and have integrated the cultivation and deep processing of agricul vertical ecological process that is the optimization of the tural products continuing and compositing the industrial chain general landscape pattern and the optimization of land use It is suitable for outer suburbs form of landscape units 2 2 2Folk customs driving mode This mode is suitable to2 4 1Site selection and landscape identification In terms of the area without the advantage of agricultural feature andsite selection of suburbs it should primarily consider artificial natural resources feature but possessing unique folk customs factors urbandevelopmentlevel transportconvenience residential architectures and historicalmemory particularlyresidents activeness completeness of farmlandsystem and distinctive in food entertainment and shopping It can walk ondevelopment of land resources of the target site Landscape the development road dominated by learning folk culture byidentification is generally based on field exploration primarily meansof folk songs and dance performance life customand basic social development information consultation and map experience folk culture exhibition and handicraft manufacturing information secondly in recent years and requires low for the This mode is very suitable for minority nationality regions professional analysis based on 3S technology and landscape pervasive in West Hunan North Guangxi Middle Wuhan ecology Guanzhong and Middle Shandong As for site selection of outer suburbs it should chiefly take 2 2 3Natural scenery driving mode The areas in possessionhistoricalandculturalcharacteristics naturallandscape of certain agricultural resources but not obvious characteristics features completeness of eco system agricultural production and of good natural tourist resources picturesque scenery scale residents activeness and investment willingness of the clean countrysideanduniqueresidences canwalkthetarget site intoaccount Landscape identificationshouldbe development road of appreciating natural scenery throughbased on field exploration historical materialssurvey and elaborately packagingfarmlandandorchard flowersandprofessional analysis based on 3S technology and landscape nurseries and feeding farms of animals and plants This modeecology so as to conduct a complete identification on social is fit for suburbs of tourism cities or can be treated as theeconomic natural complex eco system second grade of tourism products of the natural scenic area 2 4 2Optimization of landscape and eco system Parameters 2 2 4Technological entertainment driving mode The areasclosely relating to agricultural landscape chiefly contain the size withoutdistinctive characteristics butgoodlandscape aof patches shape of patches patch density and connectivity of certain agricultural basis convenient transport active demandcorridors The optimization of landscape pattern includes the of quality and fresh agricultural products and leisure entertain adjustment of original landscape pattern and introduction of new ment can combine happy farmhouse and agriculturallandscape combination such as ecological buffering zone It high tech park Through developing fishing plucking small can enhance the organic relation between landscape units or scaled renting and planting outdoor sports picnic and DIY itagricultural eco systems in terms of function land landscape can walk the development road of leisure entertainment baseddynamics dredge the channel for the circulation of materials on the construction of leisure villa agricultural wonders garden and energies and establish a sustainable ecological pattern of and agricultural popularscientificculturepark This mode isagricultural landscape 1 4 14 Firstly it should optimize original most suitable for suburbs of large and medium cities patches pattern combine and clear spatial units according to 2 3Difference in systematic construction planningthe ecological consistence so as to achieve proper agricultural Systematic construction of the suburbs should adapt to thescale Secondly it should introduce ecological buffering zone development tendency of rapid urbanization of urban rural fringeparticularlyaddforest