英语几大从句

1 主语从句主语从句 1 主语从句可直接位于主语的位置 如果从句较长 谓语又较短 可用 it 作形式主语 而将从句放在句末 常见的句型有 It is a fact a pity a question good news that It seems appears happened has turned out that It is clear important likely possible that It is said reported estimated has been proved that It is said that comic books create a connection between people of the same gener ation It seems that the performance is very useful 2 what 引导的主语从句表示 的东西时 一般不用 it 作形式主语 What we lack is experience 3 what who when why whether 等词含有各自的疑问意义 但它们引导的主语从句 都用 陈述语序 How the plan is to be carried out should be discussed again I did know why I felt like crying 2 2 宾语从句宾语从句 1 宾语从句可位于及物动词 介词和某些形容词后 连词 that 常可省略 介词后一般接 疑问词引导的宾语从句 in that 因为 except that 除了 but that 只是 已构成固定搭配 其他介词后一般不接 that 引导的宾语从句 I promised that I would change the situation All this is different from what American young people would say about friendship He is certain that watching so much television is not good for children This article is well written except that it is a bit too long 2 宾语从句后如有宾补 要用形式宾语 it 来代替 而把宾语从句移至宾补之后 He has made it clear that he would not change his mind 3 在 think believe suppose expect 等动词后的宾语从句中 如果谓语是否定的 一般将否 定词移至主句谓语上 宾语从句则变成肯定形式 He didn t think that the money was well spent 3 表语从句表语从句 表语从句出现在结构为 主语 系动词 表语从句 的句子中 表语从句除可用 that what w hen why whether how 等引导外 还可由 because as if though 等引导 that 常可省略 如主句主语为 reason 只能用 that 引导表语从句 不可用 because Perhaps the most important thing to remember is that there is no one common typ e of life in America The reason why so many people died there is that there were not enough food su pplies 3 It looks as if successful international cultural communication will make the world smaller 宾语从句后如有宾补 要用形式宾语 it 来代替 而把宾语从句移至宾补之后 He has made it clear that he would not change his mind 4 同位语从句同位语从句 同位语从句用于对前面出现的名词作进一步说明 一般用连词 that 引导 由于先行名词的 意义不同 也可用 whether who when where what why how 等引导 常见的先行名词有 fa ct idea belief news hope conclusion evidence suggestion order problem report decision 有时由于谓语较短 将同位语从句位于谓语之后 She finally made the decision that she would join the fashion show I had no idea how many books I could borrow at a time The news came that their team had won the championship 4 5 定语从句定语从句 定语从句所修饰的先行词可以是名词或代词 也可以是一个句子 定语从句通常位于先行 词之后 由关系代词或关系副词引导 限制性定语从句限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句修饰先行词 对先行词起修饰作用 紧接先行词之后 无逗号 若省去 原句意思不完整 引导定语从句的关系代词有 who whom whose which that 等 who who m whose 用于指人 whose 有时也可指物 相当于 of which which 用于指物 that 既可 指人也可指物 但只用于限制性定语从句中 关系代词除了引导定语从句 替代先行词外 还在从句中担任主语 宾语 定语等 The computers and cables which make up the Internet are owned by people and o rganizations Those who live alone or who are sick may have trouble in getting close to other p eople The girl whose parents died in an accident is living with her grandmother 1 当先行词是 all anything everything something nothing 等不定代词或先行词前有 first last a ny few much some no only 以及形容词最高级修饰时 只能用关系代词 that 引导从句 That is all that I ve heard from him He s the first person that I m going to interview this afternoon 2 关系代词的省略关系代词的省略 在从句中作宾语的关系代词常可省略 关系代词紧跟介词 作介词宾语时不可用 that 只 可用 which 或 whom 引导从句 并且不可省略 但当介词位于宾语从句句末时 作为介词 宾语的关系代词仍可用 that 也可省略 This is one of those things with which we have to put up This is one of those things which that we have to put up with 3 引导定语从句的关系副词有 when where why 等 关系副词在从句中作状语 意义上相 当于一个 介词 which 的结构 Even in comic books where in which there are no words the stories are fully expr essed through the drawings No one knows the reason why for which he was so angry that day 5 5 定语从句定语从句 非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句既可修饰先行词 也可修饰整个主句 起补充说明作用 与主句之间有 逗号隔开 若省去 原句意思不受影响 不可用 that 引导非限制性定语从句 关系词不可 省略 Every object has a gravitational pull which is rather like magnetism 介词 which whom whose 引导的定语从句 介词 which whom whose 可引导限制性定语从句 也可引导非限制性定语从句 该结 构中介词的选择取决于从句谓语动词的固定搭配 或先行词的习惯搭配 This is the computer on which he spent all his savings It is written by a person with whom we are all familiar as 引导的定语从句引导的定语从句 as 引导的定语从句主要用于 such as 及 the same as 的结构中 代替先行词是人 或物的名词 as 引导非限制性定语从句时 代替整个主句 从句可位于主句之前 之后或 中间 These are not such problems as can be easily solved as 代替先行词 problems As is mentioned above no single company or group can control what happens on t he Internet as 代替主语 6 状语从句状语从句 时间状语从句时间状语从句 引导时间状语从句的从属连词和词组有 1 when whenever while as after before since till until once 等 We have learnt quite a lot about it since we came here 2 as soon as hardly scarcely when no sooner than each every time the moment im mediately that 等 As soon as I sent an e mail message I received positive responses The moment he heard the good news he jumped with joy 地点状语从句地点状语从句 引导地点状语从句的连词是 where wherever Wherever she went she took her little daughter with her 原因 结果和目的状语从句原因 结果和目的状语从句 1 引导原因状语从句的从属连词有 because as since now that seeing that considering that in that 等 Considering that he is a freshman we must say he is doing well 2 引导结果状语从句的连词有 so that such that so that that so 等 Mickey Mouse is so attractive that the children are reluctant to leave 3 引导目的状语从句的连词有 so that in order that for fear that lest 等 从句常使用 m ay might can could would 等情态动词 We got up early this morning so that we could catch the first bus to the railway st ation 条件和让步状语从句条件和让步状语从句 1 引导条件状语从句的连词和词组有 if unless as so long as on condition that in case provided providing that supposing 等 As long as you have the right equipment you can use a telephone line to transmit computer data 2 引导让步状语从句的连词和词组有 though although whether even though even if no m atter what when how whatever whenever wherever however 等 though even if 等 引导状语从句可转换成含有 as 的部分倒装结构 具有强调意义 其结构为 形容词 副 词 动词 名词 as 主语 谓语 No matter what you may say I would not change my mind Young as he is he is quite experienced in this work though he is y