江苏省泗阳中学2013届高三英语 语法专项形容词副词

1 江苏省泗阳中学江苏省泗阳中学 20132013 届高三语法专项届高三语法专项 形容词副词形容词副词 例题感悟 1 2011 年山东实验中学一模 The more expensive articles are not better A evidently B necessarily C possibly D originally 解析 句意 比较贵的东西未必更好 necessarily 必然地 必要地 not necessarily 未 必 evidently 明显地 possibly 可能地 originally 原始地 答案 B 2 2011 年北京东城区示范校联考 Children are to meet with setbacks as they grow up so their parents don t have to worry about it A possible B due C necessary D bound 解析 句意 孩子们在成长的过程中一定会遇到挫折 所以父母不必担心 be bound to 注定 一定 是固定搭配 答案 D 3 2011 年浙江六校联考 Were you satisfied with the exam result Not a I should have done much A little better B bit bad C little bad D bit better 解析 句意 你对考试成绩满意吗 一点也不 我本应该考得好得多 not a bit not at all 一点也不 not a little 非常 第二空 much 后修饰比较级而非原 级 bad 根据句意也可知此处为 好得多 故选 D 答案 D 4 2011 年安徽江南十校联考 the excited crowds in the square suddenly became so quiet It s still puzzling A Personally B Naturally C Somehow D Anyway 解析 句意 不知为什么 广场上激动的人们突然安静下来 真是令人费解 somehow 不 知为什么 不知怎么地 personally 就个人而言 naturally 自然地 anyway 无论怎 样 答案 C 5 2011 年山东临沂模拟 I am very sorry we made such a decision but there was really no time left for us A precise B worthy C casual D tight 解析 句意 很抱歉 我们做出了这么一个草率的决定 但我们的确是没有时间了 casual 临时的 随便的 武断的 precise 精确的 worthy 值得的 有价值的 tight 紧的 牢固的 答案 C 6 2011 年江苏南通二次调研 Were you disappointed when you received the book bought through the Internet Well yes The back cover was a bit torn but it didn t matter really 2 A sort of B very much C not at all D never mind 解析 句意 当你收到从网上买的那本书的时候失望了吗 噢 是的 有点儿 封底有点破了 不过并无大碍 sort of 有几分 very much 修饰动词 not at all 一点也不 never mind 没关系 答案 A 7 2011 年东北三校二模 The volunteers will do to help those injured in the earthquake A everything possible humanly B everything humanly possible C humanly possible everything D humanly everything possible 解析 句意 那些志愿者愿意做力所能及的事情来帮助地震中受伤的人 首先 不定代词 的修饰词应置于其后 故 C D 不对 其次 单个副词修饰形容词时置于其前 故选 B 答案 B 8 2011 年安徽江南十校联考 Wow Jerry got full marks again How lucky he is Not exactly He makes full use of his time to study A He is more lucky than hardworking B He is not so much lucky as hardworking C He is far less hardworking than lucky D His classmates are no more hardworking than he 解析 句意 哇 Jerry 又得了满分 他太走运了 不完全是 与其说他走运不 如说他刻苦 他充分利用一切时间来学习 not so much as 与其 不如 答案 B 9 2011 年湖北黄冈质检 It s wonderful to have a month in the faraway village all worries and responsibilities A contrary to B free from C far away D far from 解析 句意 在遥远的村庄过一个月真好 无忧无虑 free from 没有 免于 contrary to 与 相反 C D 两项中的 far 指距离远 答案 B 10 2011 年黑龙江哈九中二模 His humorous closing speech was a welcome addition to the dull meeting A therefore B meanwhile C otherwise D nevertheless 解析 句意 他幽默的结束语在这次其他方面比较沉闷的会议上受到了欢迎 otherwise 在其他方面 除此以外 therefore 因此 meanwhile 同时 nevertheless 然而 答案 C 11 2011 年山东潍坊诸城测试 To our delight the result of the experiment is entirely with what we expected A particular B enthusiastic C satisfied D consistent 解析 句意 让我们高兴的是 实验的结果跟我们预料的完全一致 be consistent with 3 与 一致 particular 特别的 enthusiastic 热情的 be satisfied with 对 满意 答案 D 12 2011 年山东青岛一模 His explanation was so clear that everyone could understand it with A possibly the least effort B the least effort possibly C the possible least effort D the least possible effort 解析 句意 他的解释如此清楚以至于每个人不费吹灰之力就明白了 the least 形容 词 构成最高级 意为 最小 最不 答案 D 13 2011 年山东东营胜利一中 Punctuality is a virtue to us It is a rule of life and our respect for our friends and visitors A better than B more than C no more than D no better than 解析 句意 守时不仅仅是一种美德 它是生活的原则以及对朋友或来宾的尊重 more than 不仅仅 多于 better than 好于 no more than 和 一样不 仅仅 no better than 和 一样不好 答案 B 14 2011 年辽宁期中 The little girl couldn t work the problem out She wasn t clever A that B much C enough D rather 解析 句意 那个小女孩解不出这道题 她没那么聪明 that 作副词时 相当于 so much 常修饰形容词或副词的比较级以及动词 enough 用在形容词或副词后 rather 相当 答案 A 15 2011 年北京西城二模 She is fed up with sharing a house with others she is looking for her own flat A moreover B otherwise C however D therefore 解析 句意 她讨厌和别人同住一间房子 所以她在找自己的套房 therefore 因此 因 而 moreover 而且 加之 此外 otherwise 否则 不然 however 然而 根据句意 可知 正确答案为 D 项 答案 D 知识点梳理 形容词 副词的位置以及易混淆的形容词 副词的用法 形容词 副词的比较级结构 形 容词 副词前面使用冠词的情况以及倍数的表达方法在比较状语从句中 所比较的人 或事物之间的合理逻辑关系比较级的省略以及插入问题复合形容词的用法形容词的辨 析 一 多个形容词作定语时的排列顺序 多个形容词修饰一个名词时 其排列顺序通常为 限定词 these those 数量词 three 描绘性形容词 beautiful 大小 长短 高低等形体性形容词 large long high 新 旧 old 颜色 red 国籍 Chinese 4 材料 wood 用途 writing 被修饰名词 desks 口诀如下 限定描绘大长高 形状年龄和新老 颜色国籍出材料 作用类别往后靠 all these last few days some beautiful little red flowers a beautiful white Japanese military jeep 二 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级是近几年高考的热点 其中句型 倍数 as 形容词 副词 原级 as 和 倍数 more than 更是常考项目 1 表示倍数的 5 个句型 1 times as 形容词 副词原级 as 2 times the 性质名词 of 3 times 形容词 副词比较级 than 4 times that of 5 times what it was 2 同级的比较 用 as as the same as 结构 3 the 比较级 the 比较级 表示 越 越 4 比较级 and 比较级 表示 越来越 5 the 比较级 of the two 名词复数 表示 两者中较 的一个 6 用介词 by 表示相差的程度 7 一个人的两种品性的比较 用 more than 结构 8 否定词 比较级 相当于最高级 9 比较的对象不能相互包容 注意 any other 单数名词 all the other 复数名词 比较级 than anyone else any of the other 复数名词 the rest of 复数名词或不可数名词 典例 1 2011 年高考江西卷 The film is I have to say not a bit interesting Why It s than the films I have ever seen A far more interesting B much less interesting C no more interesting D any less interesting 解析 句意 我不得不说 这部电影一点儿也没意思 为什么 它比我曾看过的电 影有趣多了 根据 Why 可知第二句应与第一句持相反观点 即 认为电影有趣 而选项中只有 A 项表示有趣 far 用在比较级前表示程度较大的差异 答案 A 典例 2 Peter s jacket looked just the same as Jack s but it cost his A as much twice as B twice as much as C much as twice as D as twice much as 5 解析 本题句意应为 彼得的夹克看上去与杰克的相同 但价格却是他的两倍 表达倍 数可用 倍数词 as adj adv as 结构 答案 B 三 形容词作状语 1 形容词置于句子的后部作伴随状语 He stood there full of fear 他站在那儿 充满了恐惧 He returned home safe and sound 他安然无恙地回到了家 He went to bed cold and hungry 他又冷又饿地去睡觉了 2 形容词置于句首作原因状语 Cheerful and warmhearted Lisa will do everything she can to help others 注 此时 形容词前可加上 being Being curious Danny opened the box to see what was in 3 形容词作状语和副词作状语的区别 形容词作状语是补充说明句中主语的状态 实际相当于一个 主 系 表 句子的省略 该形容词实际上是句中的表语 副词则是修饰句中动词或整个句子的 He told us the good news excited 他把那个好消息告诉了我们 他非常兴奋 比较 He told us the good news excitedly 他非常兴奋地把那个好消息告诉了我们 三 形容词 副词的辨析 1 词形相近的形容词或副词的词义辨析 典例 3 Lots of families once suffering poverty are now living in comfort and some of them are even wealthy now A competitive B conservative C comparative D comprehensive 解析 本题考查形容词辨析 根据语境判断 此处表示人们生活在 相对的 安逸中 comparative 相对的 competitive 竞争的 conservative 保守的 comprehensive 广 泛的 综合的 答案 C 2 词义相近的形容词或副词的词义辨析 典例 4 Mistakes don t just happen they occur for a reason Find out the reason and then making the mistake becomes A favourable B precious C essential D worthwhile 解析 worthwhile 意为 值得做的 有价值的 符合题意 此处意为 犯错误是值得 的 favourable 有利的 赞同的 precious 珍贵的 essential 本质的 答案 D 3 形式上易混淆的形容词和副词 有些词尾加 ly 的词是形容词而不是副词 如 friendly lovely 等 有些副词词尾加不加 ly 意义不同 如 deep 深 指具体概念 deeply 深深地 指抽象概念 high 高 指具体概念 highly 高度地 指抽象概念 wide 宽阔地 widely 广泛 地 free 免费地 freely 自由地等 四 特殊比较结构所表示的意义 1 more 的几个短语 6 more than 多于 不仅仅 不只 no more than 仅仅 只是 only 后面接名词或数 词 more than 与其说 倒不如说 Tom is wise enough to achieve his success But in my opinion he is more lucky than wise 典例 5 Do you need any help Lucy Yes The job is I could do myself A less than B more than C no more than D not more than 解析 根据语境判断 Lucy 需要对方的帮助 这说明以她一个人的能力不能完成这份工 作 因此用 more than 表示工作难度大 答案 B 2 would rather do sth than do sth prefer to do sth rather than do sth 表示 宁愿 不愿 He would rather beg in the street than get money in such a dishonest way 3 the 比较级 the 比较级表示 越 越 The more the fans watched the football game the more excited they became 4 比较级 and 比较级表示 越来越 多音节则用 more and more 原级 As we were watching the football game we were becoming more and more excited 五 特殊的形容词 1 以 a 开头的形容词多作表语 若作定语 须后置 此类形容词不用 very 修饰 但可用 其他副词修饰 如 afraid alive alone alike ashamed asleep afloat awake 等 The fish is alive He is a great man alive 2 某些表示健康状况或感觉反应的形容词只作表语 如 faint ill glad pleased sorry well content 等 仅作表语的形容词 3 下列以 ly 结尾的词是形容词 不是副词 lively 活泼的 lonely 孤独的 lovely 可 爱的 deadly 致命的 friendly 友好的 ugly 丑陋的 silly 傻的 motherly 慈母 般的 brotherly 兄弟般的 sickly 多病的 likely 可能的 kindly 关怀的 如 a sickly child 一个多病的孩子 be likely of success 有可能成功 an ugly wound 一个丑陋的伤口 a friendly match 一场友谊赛 六 副词常见类别有 1 时间副词 常见的有 now then soon ago recently lately later before early today tomorrow yesterday tonight suddenly immediately still already just 等 2 地点副词 常见的有 here there up down away nearby home ahead abroad indoors overseas upstairs downstairs 等 3 方式副词 表示行为方式的副词大多以ly 结尾 如 quietly heavily warmly carefully happily politely angrily 等 4 频度副词 常见的有 always usually often frequently constantly occasionally sometimes seldom hardly rarely never 等 5 程度副词 常见的有 fairly pretty rather quite very much too greatly almost nearly half highly deeply partly perfectly really 等 6 连接副词 这类副词在语义上起连接作用 但用法上为副词 常见连接副词有 7 therefore besides otherwise however moreover furthermore still thus meanwhile 等 7 关系副词 就是引导定语从句的 when where why 等 8 疑问副词 就是用于引出特殊疑问句的 when where why how 等 动词及动词短语 例题感悟 1 As nobody here knows what is wrong with the machine we must send for an engineer to the problem A handle B raise C face D present 解析 A 动词辨析 handle 处理 raise 提升 举起 face 面对 present 提 出 呈现 该句指 处理问题 所以选择 A 项 2 Little Johnny felt the bag curious to know what it A collected B contained C loadedD saved 解析 B 动词辨析 collect 收集 load 装填 save 挽救 节省 均不符合题意 该句指 想知道里面有什么 用 contain 意为 have sth in 3 Her shoes her dress they look very well together A suitB fitC compareD match 解析 D 同义词辨析 suit 指颜色尺寸适合某人 fit 衣服适合某人 compare 比较 match 指某物与某物相配 由此可知该句选择 D 项 4 The fact that she never apologized a lot about what kind of person she is A says B talks C appears D declares 解析 A say a lot about 是固定搭配 指 对 有发言权 说服力 句意 她从不向 别人道歉 这最能说明她是怎样的一个人 5 Though having lived abroad for years many Chinese still the traditional customs A performB possess C observeD support 解析 C 该句指遵守传统的风俗习惯 observe 在此表示 遵守 遵循 6 Emergency line operators must always calm and make sure that they get all the information they need to send help A growB appear C become D stay 解析 D stay 连系动词 该句 stay calm 指 保持镇静 7 On hearing the news of the accident in the coal mine she pale A gotB changed C went D appeared 解析 C go 用作连系动词时 通常指由好的一面向坏的一面转化 go pale 指 脸色苍白 8 We wanted to get home before dark but it didn t quite as planned A make out B turn out C go on D come up 解析 B turn out 用作连系动词 表示 最后的情况是 结果是 9 Excuse me sir where is Room 301 Just a minute I ll have Bob you to your room A show B shows 8 C to show D showing 解析 A have 在此是使役动词 其后补足语用不带 to 的动词不定式 10 The message is very important so it is supposed as soon as possible A to be sent B to send C being sent D sending 解析 A suppose 属于心理活动类动词 在使用 be supposed to do 结构时要注意不定式 时态和语态 该句是被动结构 所以选择 A 项 11 Just in front of our house with a history of 1 000 years A does a tall tree standB stands a tall tree C a tall tree is standingD a tall tree stands 解析 B stand 是方位动词 当表地点的介宾结构位于句首时通常构成完全倒装句 12 Don t take too much of the medicine it does you more harm than good if you A do B take C like D have 解析 A do 指代上文 take too much of the medicine 13 In the dream Peter saw himself by a fierce wolf and he woke suddenly with a start A chased B to be chased C be chased D having been chased 解析 A see 是感官动词 其宾语与 chase 时间是被动关系 所以用过去分词作补足语 14 Don t be so discouraged If you such feelings you will do better next time A carry on B get back C break down D put away 解析 D carry on 继续进行 get back 收回 break down 抛锚 put away 收 好 句意 不要泄气 如果你将这样的情绪收起来的话 下次你会做得更好 因此选 择 D 项 15 The present situation is very complex so I think it will take me some time to its reality A make up B figure out C look throughD put off 解析 B make up 编造 figure out 了解 弄明白 look through 浏览 put off 推迟 句意 目前情况复杂 我想要过一段时间才能弄清事实真相 所以该句 选择 figure out 16 It s going to rain Xiao Feng will you please help me the clothes on the line A get off B get back C get in D get on 解析 C get off 下车 get back 找回 get in 收割 收回 get on 上车 进 展 该句指把衣服收回家 所以 C 项符合题意 17 What are you reading Tom I m not really reading just the pages A turning offB turning around C turning over D turning up 解析 C turn off 关掉 turn around 转过身 turn over 翻转 turn up 出现 该句指 9 只是翻了几页书 所以选择 C 项 18 I m still working on my project Oh you ll miss the deadline Time is A running outB going out C giving out D losing out 解析 A 该句指时间快要到了 所以选择 run out 到期 用光 另外几个短语动词不 合题意 go out 出去 熄灭 give out 分发 lose out 失败 19 Have you some new ideas Yeah I ll tell you later A come aboutB come into C come up with D come out with 解析 C 该句指你想出新主意了吗 所以选择 come up with 想出 另外几个短语不符 合题意 come about 发生 come into 形成 come out with 说出 20 They are quiet aren t they Yes They are accustomed at meals A to talk B to not talk C to talkingD to not talking 解析 D be accustomed to doing sth 意为 习惯做某事 该句表示否定 考点归纳 动词和短语动词是高考试题考查的一大热点 高考试题对动词和短语动词的考查主要集中 在 动词词义辨析 同义动词比较 动词的习惯搭配 短语动词的搭配及含义辨析等 下面结合近几年试题中常见的动词和短语动词做如下归纳 希望同学们从中得到启发 一 一般动词常见考点 1 动词词义辨析 2 同义动词比较 3 一词多义的考查 4 动词与句中其它词的惯用搭配 5 及物动词与不及物动词的比较 6 动词的主动形式表示被动含义 1 系动词没有被动形式 但有些系动词常表示被动意义 常见的有 taste 吃起来 sound 听起来 prove 证明是 feel 摸上去感到 look 看起来 smell 闻 起来 等 例如 Your reason sounds reasonable 你的理由听起来很合理 Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth 良药苦口 2 一些与 can t 不能 或 won t 不会 连用的动词 常用的有 lock 锁住 shut 关上 open 打开 act 上演 write 写 cut 砍 切 wear 穿 戴 等 用作不及物动词时 用主动表被动 例如 The door won t open 这门打不开 It can t move 它不能动 3 一些动词如 sell 销售 wash 洗 clean 打扫 burn 燃烧 cook 煮 等与副 词如 well 好 easily 容易地 perfectly 十分地 等连用 描会事物的特性 用主动表被动 结构是主语 动词 加副词 例如 The book sells well 这种书很畅销 10 These clothes wash easily 这些衣服很易洗 The pen writes well 这笔很好写 二 连系动词常见考点 1 表示 是 的 be 动词 根据主语有各种形式 2 表示 感觉 的连系动词 如 look feel smell taste sound 等 3 表示 变得 变成 的连系动词 如 become turn get grow go fall come 等 4 表示 结果 的连系动词 如 turn out prove 等 5 表示 仍然 的连系动词 如 remain stand stay keep 等 6 表示 似乎 好像 的连系动词 如 seem appear look 等 三 特殊动词常见考点 1 使役动词 如 have let make 等 在主动语态中 其后补足语用不定式时不带 to 而被动语态中不可以无 to 如果补足语是分词 注意区分主动关系 用 doing 和被 动关系 用 done 2 感官动词 如 feel hear listen see watch notice 等 使用时注意后续不带 to 的不定式与后续分词作补足语的区别 3 方位动词 如 lie stand seat live 等 该类动词多运用在倒装句或 there be 句型 中 4 心理活动类动词 如 think believe suppose consider 等 注意其后不定式的时态 考点或用 it 作形式宾语 将真正宾语放在补语之后 5 动词替代词 do 的形式 通常指代上文中出现的动词 四 助动词情态动词常见考点 1 情态动词的基本用法 2 情态动词表示推测或判断的用法 1 must 对现在和未来的肯定推测 must 动词原形 对过去的肯定推测 must have done 2 may might may might 动词原形 May might have done 3 can could can could do Can could have done 4 should should 用来表示一种估计的情况 按理会 估计会 should do be should have done 肯定句 否定句 疑问句 例如 It must have rained last night She may not be at home It is possible that she is not at home She can t be at home It is impossible that she is at home They should be there right now 3 情态动词在虚拟语气中的用法 五 短语动词常见考点 1 不同短语动词在句中含义的比较 2 同一动词跟不同介词或副词搭配使用的比较 3 同一介词或副词跟不同动词搭配时的词义比较 4 注意含介词 to 的短语动词 11 5 短语动词常见六种类型 动词 副词 动词 介词 动词 副词 介词 动词 名词 介词 be 动词 形容词 介词 动词 反身代词 介词等 巩固练习 形容词副词 1 2011 年高考江西卷 She has already tried her best Please don t be too about her job A special B responsible C unusual D particular 2 2011 年高考陕西卷 The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be the present one A as three times big as B three times as big as C as big as three times D as big three times as 3 2011 年高考福建卷 Nowadays there is a increase in children s creativity for they are greatly encouraged to develop their talents A sharp B slight C natural D modest 4 2011 年高考浙江卷 The professor could tell by the look in Maria s eyes that she didn t understand a single word of his lecture A cold B blank C innocent D fresh 5 2011 年高考浙江卷 I ve been writing this report for the last two weeks but it has to be handed in tomorrow A finally B immediately C occasionally D certainly 6 The professor could tell by the look in Maria s eyes that she didn t understand a single word of his lecture 2011 浙江 A coldB blankC innocentD fresh 7 I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end 2011 安徽 A Hopefully B Normally C ThankfullyD Conveniently 8 The boy apologized to the girl for he didn t break her bottle A deliberately B desperately C dizzily D Distantly 9 Do you think that bridge 2 000 meters long It doesn t appear long A measures that B is measured so C is measured such D measures much 10 The new airport is built close to the freeway and it is by Bus No 2 A accessible B available C alternative D abundant 12 11 Students should devote most of their time to studying rather than playing computer games No pains no gains A Really B Obviously C Actually D Exactly 12 Look at that old woman She is looking around for help She must be lost A socially B accidentally C desperately D absolutely 13 How did you do in your essay I got an okay grade but Mrs Jones gave Sarah Evans top marks A as well B though C in general D yet 14 Sorry Somebody borrowed the book last week but I ll let you know once it is A possible B probable C available D punctual 15 Sir do you have any double room now Just a moment I will find out A available B fit C reached D suitable 16 Overall export performance will be better and it s going to accelerate in the months said an economist in Hong Kong A more coming B much following C little to come D much to follow 17 In my opinion your composition is not as interesting as his but yours is in writing A the best organized B better organized C so organized as D as organized as 18 东北三省三校 2010 届高三下学期第一次联合模拟考试 yy This new kind of chemicals will help keep the air soil and water from pollution A free B empty C loose D short 19 山东省济南市 2010 届高三年级第一次模拟考试英语试题 On snowy days you have to drive very to avoid traffic accidents A cautiously B neatly C smoothly D properly 20 浙江省金华十校 2010 届高三上学期期末考试 英语 Boris has brains In fact I doubt whether anyone in the class has A a high B a higher C the higher D the highest 21 2010 年安徽省 江南十校 高三联考英语试题 Their university is located on a beautiful lake of this developing city A southeast thirty miles B thirty miles southeast C thirty miles to southeast D to thirty miles southeast 22 2010 年安徽省 江南十校 高三联考英语试题 He kept thinking of the question whether it was for his father to change the habit of a life time in such a short time A possibly B probable C likely D possible 13 23 上海市普通高等学校 2010 届高三春季招生考试 Ernest visited the South Pole because he wanted to s ee one of the regions in the world A colder B coldestC more coldly D most coldly 24 陕西省宝鸡市 2010 届高三质量检测 In my opinion your composition is not as interesting as his but yours is in writing A the best organized B better organized C so organized as D as organized as 25 浙江省温州市十校联合体 2010 届期末考试 I have no