Unit4Earthquakes学案VIP

高中新课标英语必修一学案信心决定成败 1 Unit 4 Earthquakes 编写人 高一英语备课组编写人 高一英语备课组 高永翠高永翠 孟颖杰孟颖杰 Period 1 Warming up and Reading comprehension 课前自主学习方案课前自主学习方案 重点单词重点单词 1 adj 极度的 adv 极度地 2 n 民族 国家 国民 adv 民族的 国家的 全国的 3 n 污垢 adj 脏的 4 n 苦难 痛苦 v 遭受 n 患病者 受难者 5 v 损害 n 6 vt 毁坏 n 7 n 电 电流 adj 靠电 来工作的 adj 与电有关的 8 n 祝贺 复数 贺词 v 祝贺 9 vt 使惊吓 吓唬 adj 令 人恐惧的 adj 受惊的 受惊吓的 重点短语重点短语 1 right 立刻 马上 2 too 太 而不能 3 think of 评价不高 4 usual 像往常一样 5 as 好像 6 an end 结束 终结 7 cut 穿过 贯穿 8 ruins 成为废墟 9 number of 的数量 10 instead 代替 11 dig 掘出 发现 12 great number of 许多 大量的 语篇导读语篇导读 Lead in what natural disasters have you heard of II Which disaster may cause the worst damage Have you ever experienced an earthquake Discussion How much do you know about an earthquake 1 What do you think will happen before an earthquake 2 What shall we do if an earthquake happens when we are at school 3 Can we stop earthquakes 4 What can we do after earthquakes 课文佳句背诵与仿写课文佳句背诵与仿写 旨在培养对难句的理解和写作能力 原句 But the one million people of the city who thought little of these events were asleep as usual that night 但是 唐山市的一百万居民几乎都没有把这些情况当一回事 当天晚上照常睡 着了 模仿要点 句子结构 由 which who 引导的非限制性定语从句 模仿 1 我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园 模仿 2 据报道 心脏病和癌症成了中年人的头号杀手 这给我们敲响了警钟 高中新课标英语必修一学案信心决定成败 2 Period 2 language Points 知识探究与发现知识探究与发现 1 In the city the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst 在市内 有些建筑物里的水管爆裂开来 在市内 有些建筑物里的水管爆裂开来 自主探究自主探究 burst vi n eg Water pipes 水管在寒冷的天气里经常冻裂 搭配搭配 burst into n burst out doing sth 突 然 起来 burst into burst out laughing 放声大笑 burst into burst out crying 放声大哭 burst into break into the room 破门而入 a burst of anger 一阵发怒 即学即练即学即练 The police the room and caught the murder A burst intoB entered into C looked intoD shouted at 2 It seemed as if the world was at an end 似乎到了世界末日 似乎到了世界末日 1 as if as though 好像 似乎 1 如果 as if 从句表示的事情可能是真实 的 通常使用陈述语气 eg It looks as if it is going to rain It sounds as if 听起来好像有人在敲门 2 如果 as if 从句表示的内容与事实相反 或是一种假想 通常使用虚拟语气 主句 as if though 主语 were 过去时 表示与主句动作同时发 生 could would 动词原形 表示动作可能 在将来发生 had 过去分词 表示从句谓语的动作发 生在主句动作之前 即学即练即学即练 95 年全国 When a pencil is partly in a glass of water it looks as if it A breaksB has broken C were brokenD had been broken She talked about the film as if really seen it 她谈论那部影片 就好像她确实看过一样 She learns English so hard as if 她学英语如此努力好像她要去美国似的 2 at an end 结束 终结 常作表语 eg 战争终于结束了 归纳拓展归纳拓展 at the end of 在 尽头 在 末尾 by the end of 到 为止 in the end 最后 终于 make ends meet 收支相抵 come to an end 结束 3 In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins 在可怕的在可怕的 15 秒内 一座大城市就沉没在一片秒内 一座大城市就沉没在一片 废墟之中 废墟之中 ruin 1 n eg 我们看见了这座教堂的废墟 2 vt 搭配搭配 be lie in ruins 破败不堪 eg 那座建筑物已成断壁残垣 fall into ruins 成为废墟 辨析 ruin destroy damage ruin 指对物体或生命彻底的破坏 往往是 非暴力的 也不是一次打击的结果 也可以 指对美好的或希望中的事物的破坏 destroy 指彻底毁坏 不能修复 damage 指局部损坏 但可以修复 高中新课标英语必修一学案信心决定成败 3 即学即练即学即练 1 The building was completely by fire 2 His car hit a tree by the roadside and was So he had to have it repaired 3 My new shoes get in the mud 4 Sand now filled the wells instead of water 典例赏析典例赏析 1 The Chinese use chopsticks instead of knives and forks 中国人不用刀叉 用筷子 2 Instead of working Jack was idling away his time 杰克不去工作 虚度着光阴 3 She decided to leave here on Sunday instead of Monday 她决定星期日而不是星期一离开这里 自主探究自主探究 instead of 短语归纳短语归纳 instead 是副词 单独使用 用于句 首或句末作状语 意为 代替 相反 instead of 是复合介词 后接名词 代 词 或动名词 其后面的动作 意为 代替 而不 in place of 为介词短语 也是 代替 而不 的意思 take the place of 作谓语 用在名词 代词 前 即学即练即学即练 1 Tractors horses in many places A in place ofB have taken the place of C insteadD instead of 2 You should be out playing working indoors all day A in spite ofB take the place of C instead D instead of 5 Two thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake 1 分数表达法 分数表达法 分子 基数词为 one 分母 序数词用 单数 eg 1 3 one third 1 5 one fifth 分子 基数词大于 one 分母 s 序数 词用复数 eg 2 3 two thirds3 5 three fifths 百分数表达法百分数表达法 数词 percent 表示 百分之 eg 75 90 65 分数 百分数作主语时 若所指的是可数名 词 则谓语动词多用复数 eg 80 of the trees were cut down 若指不可数名词 谓语动词多用单数 eg 50 of the water in the bottle has gone 请根据提示完成下列句子 请根据提示完成下列句子 1 三分之一 of the students in our class be girls 2 五分之三 of the soil wash away by the flood last night 3 一半 of the desks in this school make in his company 2 injure vt eg 吸烟会损害你的健康 去年他在一次交通事故中受了伤 辨析辨析 injure hurt wound njure 常指偶然事故对人造成的 损害 hurt v 受伤 伤害 常用于口语 主要指肉 体或感情上所受到的伤害 也含有 疼痛 vi 的意思 wound vt 伤 伤害 was B was were C were was D were were Period 3 Grammar 定语从句定语从句 关系代词的用法关系代词的用法 一一 定语从句的概念定语从句的概念 1 在复合句中 修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句 被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词 2 引导定语从句的词有两种 关系代词和关系副词 关系代词有 that which who whom whose 等 关系副词有 where why when 等 3 关系代词和关系副词处在先行词和定语从句之间 有三个作用 1 连接主从句 引导定语从句 2 指代先行词 3 在定语从句中做句子成分 4 定语从句一般位于先行词后面 二二 关系代词的用法关系代词的用法 1 who 的用法的用法 who 引导定语从句时 在从句中做主语或宾语 做宾语时可省 先行词是人 This is the man who helped me out of trouble 他就是那个帮我解决困难的人 I don t know the woman who you spoke to just now 我不认识那个刚才你与她交谈的妇女 2 whom 的用法的用法 whom 引导定语从句时 在从句中做宾语 可省 先行词是人 The doctor whom who you are looking for is in the room 你找的那个医生在房间里 She s a girl with whom you can talk freely 她是一个你可以与之随便交流的姑娘 注意注意 whom 引导定语从句时不能用作从句的主语 whom 可以构成 介词介词 whom 引导定语从句 3 whose 用法用法 whose 引导定语从句时 在从句中做定语 意思为 的 表示所属关系 其先行词可以 是人 也可以是物 He s living in a room whose window faces the east 他住在一个窗户朝东的房间里 The boy whose spoken English is excellent draws our attention 那个英语口语极好的男孩引起了我们的注意 知识拓展知识拓展 whose n 引引导导的的定定语语从从句句相相当当于于 the n of which whom 或或 of which whom the n 引引 导的定语从句导的定语从句 Please pass me the book whose cover is yellow and black please pass me the book the cover of which is yellow and black 请把那本封面是黑黄相间的书递给我 We saw some people whose car had broken down We saw some people the car of whom had broken down 4 that 与与 which 的用法的用法 that 和 which 在它们引导的定语从句中做主语或宾语 做宾语时可省 that 的先行词既可以 是人 也可以是物 which 的先行词是物 They finally reached a storehouse that which used to be a church 他们最后到了一个曾经是一个教堂的仓库那里 高中新课标英语必修一学案信心决定成败 6 I have been keeping the presents that which he sent me 我一直保存着他送给我的礼物 注意注意 在下列情况在下列情况 which 和和 that 不能换用不能换用 1 只用只用 that 不用不用 which 的情况 的情况 先行词是人时 We all like the new teacher that teaches us English 我们都喜欢教我们英语的那位新老师 先行词是不定代词 all few little much many some something nothing anything everything 等时 All that we have to do is to practise every day 我们所必须做的是就是每天练习 I ll do everything that I can do to help you 我将尽一切努力来帮助你 当先行词被 all few little the only any no the very 等修饰时 Every means that had been tried proved to be useless 尝试过的每一种方法都被证明是无用的 I ve read all the books that you gave me 我已经读了你给我的所有的书 He is the very man that I am looking for 当先行词被序数词和形容词最高级修饰时 The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten 我将永远不会忘记我的第一堂课 It s the most interesting book that I ve ever read 这是我曾经读过的最有趣的书 当先行词既有人又有物时 They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school 他们谈起了他们所记得的学校里面的人和事 当 the way 做先行词且引导词在从句中做状语时 引导词用 that 或 in which 也可省略 I hate the way that in which he talks to his wife 我讨厌他和他妻子说话的方式 一些以 which who 开头的特殊疑问句 为了避免重复 用 that 引导 Which is the book that you want Who is the child that lost his key 关系代词在定语从句中作表语时 只限于限定性定语从句 He is not the person that he was 30 years ago 注意注意 that 和和 who 的先行词都是人的先行词都是人 但有时只用但有时只用 who He who doesn t reach the Great Wall is not a true man 不到长城非好汉 A sports fan is someone who loves to play or watch sports Anyone who breaks the law should be punished God helps those who help themselves 自助者天助 总结总结 先行词是先行词是 人称代词人称代词 someone anyone 等指人的不定代词等指人的不定代词 those one ones 指人时指人时 注意注意 定语从句中谓语动词的单复数定语从句中谓语动词的单复数 Do you know the boy who is be standing under the tree Do you know the boys who are be standing under the tree 总结 如果关系代词在定语从句中作总结 如果关系代词在定语从句中作主语主语 谓语动词要与谓语动词要与主语主语保持一致保持一致 She is one of the students who have have been to Beijing She is the only one of the students who has have been to Beijing 5 as 的用法的用法 as 引导定语从句引导定语从句 在定语从句中作主语 宾语 表语在定语从句中作主语 宾语 表语 高中新课标英语必修一学案信心决定成败 7 1 如为限制性的 多用于 the same as the same as such as as many much as so as 等结构中 如 1 I have the same book as you have 我有一本和你的一样的书 Her attitude to him was quite the same as it had always been 关系代词 as 和指示代词 same 连用 在从句中用作表语 先行词是 same 2 比较 I live in the same house that he used to live in I m wearing the same shirt as you wore yesterday 比较 Here is so big a stone as no one can lift 定语从句 Here is so big a stone that no one can lift it 结果状语从句 2 如为非限制性的 多单独引导一个定语从句 这种定语从句可置于句首 句中或句尾 译 为 正如 这一点 动词常为 know see expect point out etc 1 As we all know smoking is harmful to one s health as 作宾语 As is known to all smoking is harmful to one s health as 作主语 It s known to all that smoking is harmful to one s health 或 Smoking is harmful to one s health as we all know as 作宾语 或 Smoking as we all know is harmful to one health 2 He was a foreigner as I knew from his accent 宾语 先行词是前面整个句子 三 三 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别 1 形式上 非限制性定语从句往往用逗号隔开 2 语法上 非限制性定语从句一般不用 that 3 语义上 限制性定语从句与先行词关系紧密 起限定作用 如果去掉了这个定语从句 整 个句子就不完整或者会改变意思 而非限制性定语从句与先行词关系不是很紧密 对先行词起 补充说明或描述的作用 1 This is the book I like best 这就是我最喜欢的那本书 2 Beijing which has been China s capital for more than 800 years is rich in cultural and historic relics 北京是中国八百年之久的古都 它有着丰富的文化和历史遗产 4 翻译时 限制性定语从句可译为一句 较短的一般译为 的 字结构 而非限制性定语从句 可译为两句 见上句翻译 比较 He has a sister who is a musician He has a sister who is a musician 定语从句练习定语从句练习 一 选择题一 选择题 1 Do you know the girl is talking with your mother A whoB whichC whoseD 2 This is the kite Billy Fisher gave to Tom A whoB whichC D Both B and C 3 He was the only one was saved in the earthquake A whoB thatC whichD A and B 4 This is the only present I like A whoB that C whichD B and C 5 This is the most beautiful place I have ever seen A whichB whoC whereD 6 All I can do is to give him some money A thatB whichC who D what 7 Is there anything else you need 高中新课标英语必修一学案信心决定成败 8 A whichB that C who D what 8 The museum we visited last week isn t far from here A where B which C whatD who 9 Where is the scientist gave us the talk yesterday A which B that C what D 10 Most of the people lost their lives in the earthquake are Sichuan natives A when B who C how D which 11 Do you think most students prefer tests have easy questions A who B where C whenD that 12 My mum prefers music quiet and gentle A that are B that is C which hasD whose is 13 The boy you saw just now is Tom s brother A whichB whoseC whenD 14 The bike and its rider had run over an old woman were helped up by the policeman A whichB thatC itD whom 15 She was becoming fat bothered her very much A whichB thatC it D of whom 16 The Amazon 亚马逊河 lies in the Andes 安第斯山脉 is the world s longest river A its sourceB which sourceC whose sourceD the source of it 17 The reason I can t come is I have to work late A for whyB why becauseC because thatD why that 18 Who is that man is telling the children a story A whoB whomC thatD whoever 19 She tells us that Lao Wang is a person we can learn a lot A whomB thatC from whomD about whom 20 Is this the factory you worked five years ago A in whichB in whereC in thatD that 二 用适当的关系代词填空二 用适当的关系代词填空 1 Do you like the present I bought you yesterday 2 The storybook was written by his uncle is quite interesting 3 The boy computer doesn t work well needs your help 4 This is the best movie we have seen this year 5 The doctor we met in the street is from America 6 The passengers and the suitcases were in the waiting room had to wait for another plane 7 Who is the girl you want to make friends with 8 This is the last lesson Mr Smith taught us 9 I am your friend will help you out 10 The building wall is white is my uncle s house 11 The boy John spoke with is my brother 12 Will you please lend me the very picture you bought yesterday 13 The students the teacher praised at the class meeting is our monitor 14 The season comes after spring is summer 15 This is the first museum we visited last Saturday 16 The girl leg was broken in the earthquake was taken to the hospital 高中新课标英语必修一学案信心决定成败 9 17 I found some photos of interesting places were not far away from our city 18 There is a boy downstairs want to see you 19 The river banks are covered with trees is very long 20 I m going to meet Tom they say is a good boy Period 4 Using language 自主学案自主学案 词汇知识词汇知识 1 n 祝贺 v 祝贺 2 v 判断 n 判断 n 裁判员 3 v 尊敬 adj 高尚的 4 v 表示 表达 n 快车快递 n 表达表情 5 v 骑自行车 n 骑自行车的人 重点词组重点词组 1 a speech 作演讲 2 be to do sth 乐意做某事 3 be proud 为 而自豪 4 have a conversation 和 交谈 5 be knomn 因为 作为 而出名 要点探究要点探究 1 Congratulations 祝贺你 祝贺你 congratulation n 祝贺 复数 贺词 1 Congratulations on your passing exam 祝贺你通过了这次考试 2 They received many letters of congratulation 他们收到了很多祝贺信 拓展拓展 congratulate 祝贺 congratulate sb on sth 因某事向某人祝贺 congratulate oneself on sth 因某事感到高兴或 者庆幸 celebrate sth 庆祝 节日等 即学即练即学即练 3 I 我为他们的成功向他们表示祝贺 4 He can having done an excellent job 他应该为他出色的工作感到高兴 2 You speech was heard by a group of five judges all of whom agreed that that it was the best one this year 典例赏析典例赏析 1 His father used to be a judge 2 She s a good judge of wine 她是鉴别酒的专家 3 The blind can t judge colors 4 Don t judge a man by his looks 自主探究自主探究 judge n v judge sb sth by from 通过 判断 as far as I judge 我认为 judging from by 从 来看 根据 判断 即学即练即学即练 用与 judge 相关的词汇填空 1 his appearance he must be a rich man 2 he must be from the south 3 Next month the city will open a new park to honour those who died in the terrible disaster 典例赏析典例赏析 1 Children should honour their parents 2 They went to Shanghai to honour their mother on her 80th birthday 3 It is an honour to meet you an honored person 4 They fight for the honour of their country 5 It was a great honour to be invited here today 自主探究自主探究 honor vt 高中新课标英语必修一学案信心决定成败 10 n 常用短语常用短语 show do honor to sb 对 表示敬意 给 带来荣誉 have the honor to do sth 很荣幸地做某事 in honor of in one s honor 为 纪念 以 名义 Unit4 Earthquakes 单元测试单元测试 I 单项选择 1 When he learned that his brother had returned from abroad he set off to his home Which of the following is not OK A immediately B right away C right then D right now 2 With income going down and prices it is very hard to make a living nowadays A rising up B rising C rise D rise up 3 You could hear water pipes cracking they because of the cold A when burst B before were burst C when were burst D before burst 4 You can hardly imagine the once clear canal so seriously polluted that no fish can live in it A have become B having become C to have become D to become 5 There on the shore you can see a steam powered ship covered with dirt waiting to be taken apart A lay in ruinsB lie in ruinC laid in ruinsD lie in ruins 6 It is reported that five passengers got killed and got in the traffic accident A much more injured B many more wounded C many more injured D much more hurt 7 Steel brick and cement are all necessary building materials A with which to build a dam B which to build a dam with C building a dam with D to build a dam 8 It came to the world that more than 10 prisoners were buried by the terrorists A as shocking alive B a shock living C shocked live D as a shock alive 9 When the earthquake a destructive natural disaster happened ninety nine coal miners were trapped in the coal mine the ruins waiting A in to be rescuedB under for being rescued C in to rescueD under to be rescued 10 Electricity plays part in our life that it is unimaginable to live without it A such important B so important C such important a D so important a 11 We should have ourselves if we want to get the work in the given time A organize well finishedB well organized done C well organized to be finishedD to be organized well to be done 12 The story that happened 30 years ago still remains in my mind as if it yesterday A clean happenedB fresh happened C clear was happenedD clearly happened 13 Will you please help me the exercise books to the students Sorry I have been in a race and my strength has completely A give out given out B give off given up C give out given in D give up given up 高中新课标英语必修一学案信心决定成败 11 14 Seventy percent of the students taken part in the work and seventy percent of the work been finished A has has B had hadC has have D have has 15 He was honored an outstanding scientist his contribution to the economic reform A as because B after for C as forD for for 16 People can make silly mistakes about a person if they judge him the clothes he wears A by B withC accordingly to D through 17 Remember never to ask a European and an American personal questions It is almost certain that they for it A are not prepared B don t prepare C haven t prepared D are not preparing 18 It will at least take five months to repair the ship that was seriously by the hurricane A destructed B ruined C damaged D broken 19 Thousands and thousands of people lost their homes in the earthquake and it was impossible to provide them enough food clothing and at that time A with shelter B for housesC by housing D with shelter 20 It is reported that a large number of people been killed and the number added up to nearly 70 000 A has hasB have have C has have D have has 21 The president was a speech to senators a group of armed young people burst into the hall A giving asB making when C delivering while D speaking when 22 A party was held the heroes who had helped saved thousands and thousands of lives in the big earthquake in Sichuan A in time of B in honor of C in name of D in place of 23 The soldiers have been trying hard to search for anyone alive buried in the ruins and them out if found A find B make C dig D let 24 Many people thought it useless again but the captain insisted on trying second time which turned out to be a success A to try the B trying a C trying the D to try a 25 We don t need to do extra work this evening The day s work was almost now A at the end B at an end C at one end D at our end II 完形填空 Mobile phones are everywhere in big cities It seems that 26 can survive without one Mobile phones are a great 27 to stay connected with friends and family 28 it is important to remember that there are certain times 29 you should not be using your phone especially as a student during school 30 you are in class you should not be sending your friends text messages 31 taking phone calls Your classmates and teacher should not have to deal with this rude 32 Aren t you at school to learn In the United States students would never be allowed to 33 their mobile phones during class If you were to send or 34 a text message you would probably be kicked 35 class It is very disturbing to hear a lot of tones a