2012现在完成时

1 短暂性动词用法 等动词其动作的开始与结束都在很短的时间内完成 即它们所表示的动作刚一发生便停 止了 因此 这些动词都称为短暂性动词 或终止性动词 该类动词可以用于现在完成 时 但在用法上有三点值得我们注意 一 在现在完成时的肯定句中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用 如 他的祖父已去逝五年了 误 H 析 上句中的 为短暂性动词 在现在完成时中不能和表示一段时间的状语 如 等连用 正确的翻译有以下四种 用表示持续状态的相应延续性动词来替换句中的短暂性动词 如 正 改用 一段时间 句型来表示 如 正 注意 在该句型中 主句须用现在时态 引导的时间状语从句用一般过 去时 上句还可译为 正 把误句中表示一段时间的状语改成表示过去时间的状语 同时把现在完成时改为 过去时 如 正 改用 一段时间 句型来表示 如 正 二 短暂性动词现在完成时的否定式已成为一种可以延续的状态 因此可以和表示 一段时间的状语连用 如 杰姆已有四个月没收到父母的来信了 自从 年以来 那个老人一直没有离开过这儿 三 短暂性动词现在完成时的肯定式不能和 连用 但否定式可以 如 你买这本英语书有多久了 2 误 这时可改用延续性动词或与 连用的一般过去时 正 正 在初中阶段短暂性动词还有两个重要的用法 在 表示 一段时间 引导的从句里 不能用短暂性动词 但 可以 因为 既可以表示 一段时间 也可表示 时间的点 如 当李华到达伦敦时 他发现自己的英语太有限 误 正 短暂性动词的否定式 只能是否定式 和 一起连用 构成 短暂性动词 句型 意为 直到 才 如 学生们等老师一到就开始开会 即学生不开始开会这一状态要持续到老师来时为止 open be open close be closed die be dead leave be away from go come arrive get to reach be in join be in start begin be on borrow keep buy have get to know know arrive be here begin start be on die be dead come back be back leave be away from fall ill sick asleep be ill sick asleep get up be up go out be out finish be over put on wear 或 be on open be open join be in 或 be a member of close be closed go to school be a student borrow keep buy get have catch a cold have a cold get to know know begin to study study come to work work move to live in finish end be over come to be in sit down be seated marry be married dress be dressed 等 3 一 选择填空 1 Mr Dong actually in Sunshine Town since he was very young A have lived B has lived C have live D has living 2 Do you know Yao Ming very well Of course I a lot of news about him on TV so far A read B am reading C have read D reads 3 Now Nanjing is so beautiful that I can t recognize it when I came back Yes Great changes in the past ten years A has taken place B have taken place C took place D take place 4 Where is my English book I it here but I can t find it now A putted B have just put C was putting D am putting 5 It s 7 30 I can t believe you cooking dinner yet Sandy A didn t start B haven t started C don t start D won t start 6 Mother me a new coat yesterday I it on It fits me well A had made have tried B made have tried C has made tried D made tried 7 He to draw horses already When he learn Last year A learned has B learned did C has learned has D has learned did 8 Tom up into the tree Look he high up there A has get is B has climbed was C got was D climbed is 9 you the text Yes we it two hours ago A Did copy yet did B Have copied already have C Have copied yet did D Did copy ever had 10 Have you got the plan ready No A already not yet B yet not yet C already I haven t D ever not yet 二 用动词的正确形式填空 1 We study in Little Star English since two years ago 4 My father read the novel twice 5 The door is open Who open it Do you know Sorry I don t know 6 She buy a Hello Kitty for you hasn t she Yes she She buy it in Sanrio Puroland last summer 7 This is the nicest park I see 8 Are you sure you lose your dictionary Yes I look for it everywhere but I still can t find it 9 The children enjoy themselves in the party last Sunday morning 10 They study English for a long time 4 三 句型转换 1 The dress is very beautiful I want to buy it very much 同义句 The dress is beautiful I want to buy it very much 2 He can help us because he has organized a charity show before 对划线部分提问 he us 3 I wonder who can join in this party 同义句 I wonder who can this party 4 To join the Riding Club is fun 用 it 改写 is the Riding Club 5 We learnt Japanese last year 同义句 Japanese 6 I have known Sandy since three years ago 对划线部分提问 you Sandy 7 They borrowed the book three days ago 同义句 They the book three days 8 He is watching TV now 用 at that time 改写 He TV at that time 9 I ll show my friend these photos when I come back 同义句 I ll show these photos my friend I come back 10 Millie spent at least 50 yuan on the dictionary 同义句 Millie at least 50 yuan the dictionary Millie at least 50 yuan the dictionary The dictionary Millie at least 50 yuan 11 It is three days since he died 同义句 Three days since he died It three days since he died 四 根据汉语提示完成句子 1 你最近收到你爸爸的来信了吗 you your father 2 我已经很长时间没有拜访过我姑姑了 I my aunt 3 Simon 曾经去过几次中国 Simon China for 4 他们已经去电影院了 They the cinema 5 Smith 夫妇还没有回来 The Smiths 一 单项选择 1 Both his parents look sad Maybe they what s happened to him knew have known must know will know 2 He has been to Shanghai has he already never ever still 3 Have you met Mr Li just ago before a moment ago 4 The famous writer one new book in the past two year 5 is writing was writing wrote has written 5 Our country a lot so far Yes I hope it will be even has changed well changed good has changed better changed better 6 Zhao Lan already in this school for two years was studying will study has studied are studying 7 We Xiao Li since she was a little girl know had known have known Knew 8 Harry Potter is a very nice film I it twice will see have seen saw see 9 These farmers have been to the United States Really When there will they go did they go do they go have they gone 10 you your homework yet Yes I it a moment ago Did do finished Have done finished Have done have finished will do finish 11 His father the Party since 1978 joined has joined was in has been in 12 Do you know him well Sure We friends since ten years ago were have been have become have made 13 How long have you here About two months been gone come arrived 14 Hurry up The play for ten minutes has begun had begun has been on began 15 It ten years since he left the army is has will was 16 Miss Green isn t in the office she to the library has gone went will go has been 17 My parents Shandong for ten years have been in have been to have gone to have been 18 The students have cleaned the classroom A