考研备考辅导考研英语阅读理解冲刺重点预测25篇 第15篇

考研英语阅读理解冲刺重点预测25篇 (第篇)第篇 （版权所有，违者必究！鉴于有部分辅导机构不经过同意就把具有独立知识产权的作品公然转载并声称是他们自己作品的案例，再次特别声明：本博客所有文字材料仅供考生下载作自身的学习用途，任何形式的转载必须征得的授权，保留对所有文字作品的法律权利！） Usually alternating current (AC) transmission suffers lower losses than direct current (DC), and thus, AC became the industry standard. Some people, however, question that standard because over long distances high-voltage DC lines suffer lower losses than AC. Not only does that make them better in their own right, but employing them would allow electricity grids to be restructured in ways that would make wind power more attractive. That would reduce the need for new conventional (and polluting) power stations.Wind power has some problems. You dont always get it where you want it and you dont always get it when you want it. The question of where the wind is blowing would no longer matter because it is almost always blowing somewhere. If it were windy in Spain but not in Ireland, current would flow in one direction. Dealing with when the wind blows is a subtler issue. For instance, an important part of Dr Schmids continental grid is the branch to Norway. It is not that Norway is a huge consumer. Rather, the country is well supplied with hydroelectric plants. These are one of the few ways that energy from transient sources like the wind can be stored in grid-filling quantities. The power is used to pump water up into the reservoirs that feed the hydroelectric turbines. That way it is on tap when needed. The capacity of Norways reservoirs is so large, according to Dr Schmid, that should the wind drop all over Europewhich does happen on rare occasionsthe hydro plants could spring into action and fill in the gap for up to four weeks.Put like this, a Europe-wide grid seems an obvious idea. That it has not yet been built is because AC power lines would lose too much power over such large distances. Hence the renewed interest in DC. Dr Schmid calculates that a DC grid of the sort he envisages would allow wind to supply at least 30% of the power needed in Europe. Moreover, it could do so reliablyand that means wind power could be used for what is known in the jargon as base-load power supply.Though wind power has its opponents, too, its environmental virtues might be enough to swing things in its favour if it were also reliable. Indeed, a group of Norwegian companies have already started building high-voltage DC lines between Scandinavia, the Netherlands and Germany, though these are intended as much to sell the countrys power as to accumulate other peoples. And Airtricityan Irish wind-power companyplans even more of them. It proposes what it calls a Supergrid. This would link offshore wind farms in the Atlantic Ocean and the Irish, North and Baltic seas with customers throughout northern Europe.注（1）：本文选自Economist, /28/注（2）：本文习题命题模仿对象为真题Text 3。1 By saying “make them better in their own right” (Line 3-4, Paragraph 1), the author means _.A realize the right of DCB make DC suffer lower lossesC make DC more useful than ACD make better use of DC to transfer power2 By “current would flow in one direction” (Line 4, Paragraph 1), the author is actually referring to _.A current flows from Spain to IrelandB current flows from Ireland to SpainC current flows from Ireland to other placesD current flows from Spain to other places3 How will consumers think of a DC electricity grid?A UselessB FeasibleC TroublesomeD Comfortable4 Why does Dr Schmids continental grid locate in Norway?A To make use of the countrys capacity of reservoirsB To make use of the countrys rich wind power.C It is simply Dr Schmids personal preference.D Because traditional power plants in Norway cannot meet cosumers demand.5 Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A Wind power has won universal support.B Companies hesitate to invest in wind power.C The prospect of wind power so far seems very positive.D Wind farms on oceans can supply power demand of the whole Europe in the future.篇章剖析本文是一篇科技说明文，主要说明了风能发电的优势和可行性。第一段通过比较说明直流电和交流点来引出风能发电的话题；第二段分析了风能发电存在的一些限制及其解决办法；第三段和第四段则说明了在欧洲建设新型电网的前景。词汇注释alternating current 交流电 turbine tE:bin n. 涡轮direct current 直流电 envisage invizidV v. 正视voltage vEJltidV n. 电压, 伏特数 jargon dVB:gEn n. 行话electricity grid 电网 Scandinavia9skAndineivjE斯堪的纳维亚(半岛)subtle sQtl adj. 微妙的, 精细 offshore CfFC: adj. 向海面吹的, 离岸的难句突破Not only does that make them better in their own right, but employing them would allow electricity grids to be restructured in ways that would make wind power more attractive.主体句式 Not only does that make them better, but employing them would allow electricity grids to结构分析 这个句子是一个相对比较复杂的not only, but also 结构。前半句中的not only 后面跟的句子按照语法规律需要倒装，后半句but also 结构中省略了also这个词，这也语法上也是允许的，且后半句的主句是一个现在分词结构，后面的in ways之后跟的是一个定语从句。句子译文 这不仅能有利于电流的传送，而且通过使用高压直流电缆，人们可以对电网进行改造，从而更加有利于风能发电。题目分析1D. 语义题。根据文章第一段，由于高压直流电缆损失的电量比交流电缆少，因此通过这个方法能够更加充分地利用直流电来传输电能，因此答案为D。2A. 语义题。文章第二段指出风在什么地方吹不是一个大的问题，因此如果西班牙有风而爱尔兰没有风，那么只要把电流从西班牙往爱尔兰方向传送就可以了。3B. 推理题。文章第三段指出，建设直流电电网可以节约在传输过程中浪费的电能，因此对于消费者来说这一方案是切实可行的。4A. 推理题。文章第二段后半部分描述了史密德博士设计的大陆电网，其中指出选择挪威的原因不是因为这个国家缺乏足够的电能，而是这里有足够多的水库可以用来储存电能。5C. 细节题。各个题支的细节均可以在文章最后一段中找到对应信息。其中提到了欧洲多家能源公司已经在计划建设传输风能的直流电缆，充分说明了风能利用的前景非常好。参考译文一般来说，交流电传输比直流电传输损失的电量要少，因此，交流电成为了工业上的标准。但是一些人却在质疑这个标准，因为从远距离传输来看，高压直流电缆损失的电量比交流电缆少。这不仅能有利于电流的传送，而且通过使用高压直流电缆，人们可以对电网进行改造，从而更加有利于风能发电。如此一来，对于新建更多传统（也是污染的）发电站的需求就会减少。风能发电存在一些问题。风能不是随处都在、也非随时可得。但是现在风向问题现在已经得到解决，因为风总是在向着某个方向吹。如果现在西班牙多风而爱尔兰却无风，那么电流就会朝一个方向传送。但是，风在什么时候吹则是一个更加微