2018届中考英语基础知识复习检测20

九年级(全)Units 1314,中考基础知识梳理类别课标考点要求词汇攻关1.wood(形容词)_2harm(形容词)_3transport(名词)_4inspire(名词)_5graduate(名词)_6care(形容词)_7last(副词)_8manage(名词)经理_9.congratulate(名词)_10our(名词性物主代词)_11thank(形容词)_12cost(过去式)_(过去分词)_13create(形容词)_(名词)_14overcome(过去式)_(过去分词)_短语归纳1.起作用；有影响_2参加_3关掉_4付费；付出代价_5扔掉；抛弃_6好好利用某物_7拆下；摧毁_8上下颠倒；倒转_9恢复；使想起；归还_10在方面起作用_11砍倒_12代替；而不是_13.对有害_14建立_15连续几次地_16弄得一团糟(一塌糊涂)_17沉住气；保持冷静_18信任_19首先_20渴望；渴求_21在前面_22对有责任心；负责任_23出发；启程_24分离；隔开_句型再现1.因此，我们齐心协力就能带来变化，创造更加美好的未来！So together，our actions can _ and _ a better future!2如果它们的数目降至过低，它会给所有海洋生物带来危险。If their numbers _ too low，it _ danger to all ocean life.3到目前为止，没有科学研究显示鲨鱼鳍对健康有好处，所以为什么吃它们呢？_，no scientific studies _ that shark fins _ health，so why eat them?4对于带小孩子的父母来说，使用公共交通工具很难Its difficult _ parents _young children _ public transportation5来自香港的杰西卡王使用人们不再穿的旧衣服来制作袋子。Jessica Wong from Hong Kong _old clothes that people dont wear anymore _ bags.6.艺术不但能够给他人带来快乐，而且也说明只需要一点创造力，即便是冰冷、坚硬的铁也可以产生活力。_ bring happiness to others，_ that even cold，hard iron can _ life with a little creativity.7现在到了毕业的时间了。And now its time _8感谢你们今天来参加第三中学的毕业典礼。_ today to attend the graduation ceremony at No.3 Junior High School.9但伴随着困难，也有很多令人兴奋的事情等着你们。But _ difficulties，there will also be many exciting things _ you.10虽然现在你们不得不走向各自的方向，我希望在几年后，你们能够回我们学校参观。_ you have to go your separate ways now，I hope that _，you _ back to visit our school.语法结构1.复习used to、现在进行时态、被动语态、现在完成时、情态动词和非谓语动词的用法。2状语从句。,贵阳五年中考真题演练词汇类1(2011贵阳94题)Spending time with our family and friends _ very important to us Chinese.(be)()2.(2012贵阳38题)When you leave the reading room，you should remember to _ the lights.Aturn onBturn downCturn off()3.(2015贵阳适应性考试32题)Bobs mom is happy to see that he is full of energy and _ knowledge.Ais famous for Bis thirsty forCis familiar with,贵阳中考重难点突破afford的用法【考点抢测】1Her mother cannot_(买得起) her a new dress.2They walked because they _(花费不起) a taxi.3We arent poor but we cant afford _(buy)a house like that.【满分点拨】afford为动词，意为“花费得起；能够做；承担得起(后果)；提供；给予”。如：I thought he afforded a big house.我认为他买得起大房子。afford指“给予”时，可接双宾语。如：My parents afford me nearly all the things.我的父母几乎给予我一切。afford to do sth.是负担得起做某事，通常和can(could)、cant(couldnt)、be able to连用。如：She can hardly afford to wait for another hour.她几乎做不到再多等一小时了。She has been doing this for a few years now.现在她一直在做这件事好几年了。【考点抢测】()4.(2013玉林中考)Dave，we will leave in 10 minutes.Are you ready?No，I _ our guide book and towels yet.Adont pack Bdidnt packChavent packed【满分点拨】(1)“have been现在分词”，是现在完成进行时。表示现在以前这一段时间里一直在进行的动作，这动作可能仍在进行，也可能已停止。It has been raining since last Sunday.自上周日以来就一直在下雨。(2)现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别：现在完成时可以表示一个已经完成的动作，而现在完成进行时则表示一个正在进行的动作。I have read the book.我读过这本书。I have been reading the book.我一直在读这本书。【温馨提示】有少数动词(如work，study，live，teach，stay等)在表示持续一段时间时用这两种时态含义差不多(只是用现在完成进行时更强调动作的持续性)。例如：How long have you worked/been working here？你在这儿工作多久了？She helped you to work out the answers yourself no matter how difficult they were.无论题目多么难，她都帮忙使你自己算出答案。【考点抢测】()5.(2012东营中考)No matter what happens，the fact that Huangyan Island belongs to China will _ change.AeverBneverCstill【满分点拨】no matter how意为“无论怎样”，引导让步状语从句，相当于however。此外no matter what/when/where/who意为“无论什么/何时/何地/谁”，相当于whatever/whenever/wherever/whoever。例如：Its good to meet other people who want to learn English，no matter how good their English is.去接触一下别的想学英语的人是很有好处的，不管他们的英语怎么样。,高频话题写作指导保护环境写作导图从全国近五年环境保护相关话题书面表达的命题来看，通常有三个角度的内容：1记叙你参加过的一次环保活动。2地球是人类唯一的家园。为遏制和改善环境日益恶化的状况，在日常生活中人们应该做到减少废气排放、种植绿色植被等来保护自然环境。3我们能为环境保护做些什么呢？以“环保从我做起”为话题谈论节约资源、垃圾分类、循环利用等。结合贵阳考情，可以预测第三种命题角度出题机率更大。亮点句型速成常用句型：Everyone should protect the environment. And the world will become much more beautiful.推荐句型：If everyone makes contribution to protecting the environment，the world will become much more beautiful.常用句型：We should plant many trees，and we can live better.推荐句型：We are supposed to plant more trees in order to live better in the future.If we plant more and more trees，we will live better in the future.(一)开头句1It is very important to take care of our environment.(二)中间句2Its our duty to protect our environment.3We should not throw litter onto the ground.4We should not spit in a public place/cut down the trees.5We are supposed to plant more flowers and trees.6We must pick up some rubbish and throw it into a dustbin.7Trees are very helpful and important for us.(三)结尾句8Recycling trash is also important.9Many rivers and lakes are seriously polluted.Something must be done to stop the pollution.10Its necessary to save water.11Its everyones duty to love and protect the environment.写作模板On具体的时间morning，人物and I decided to do something to 目的First，we具体的行为and then we具体的活动and advised others not to建议别人不要做一些破坏环境的事情We feel a little作者的感受but happy because作者为自己所做的事情感到自豪Everyone should作贡献to protecting our environment.典例剖析假设你叫王磊，目前，我市正在开展创建“文明卫生城市”，学校也提出了“垃圾不落地，校园更美丽”的口号，为了积极响应学校号召，上周你和几位同学到火车站进行志愿者活动，贡献自己的一份力量。请把你所做的事写一封电子邮件告诉你的好朋友Bob。PlaceTrain stationTimeFrom 8：00 to 12：00 on Saturday morningActivitiesClean the benches，pick up the rubbish，sweep the groundFeelingA little tired but happy【审题指导】细读所给的文字提示，可以提取以下信息：1文章为电子邮件，要求向朋友讲述在响应“文明卫生城市”“垃圾不落地，校园更美丽”的活动中，我和同学们一起到火车站进行志愿者活动(包括时间、地点、人物、活动、感受)。2本文描述自己的经历，写作时用第一人称，其他人用第三人称。3回忆事件通常用一般过去时，抒发个人情感及感悟用一般现在时。语句通顺，书写规范，卷面整洁，语法正确。4词数应不少于80词，不得出现真实姓名、校名。【范文点评】Bob，Im_writing_to_tell_you_about_a_voluntary_activity_last_week.We got to the train station at 8 oclock on Saturday morning.My_classmates_and_I_decided_to_do_something_to_make_it_cleaner_and_tidier.First，we_cleaned_the_benches，and_then_we_picked_up_the_rubbish_and_advised_others_not_to_throw_rubbish_here_and_there.At noon，we swept the ground together and then we left.We_were_a_little_tired_after_long_hours_of_hard_work，but_we_were_still_very_happy. I hope everyone will make_a_contribution_to improving the environment of our city.Hope to write soon.Best wishes!Yours，Wang Lei开门见山地引出事件；动词的复合宾语结构，make sth. adj.，make it cleaner and tidier“使更清洁、更整洁”，增加 了文章的可读性；固定词组cleaned the benches，picked up the rubbish等的运用彰显小作者词汇之丰富，也是增分的亮点；点明主题并升华，a little tired but happy“有点累但是很高兴”；make a contribution“为作出贡献”。彰显了小作者词语运用的娴熟，也给文章增色不少。八年级(上)Units 46,中考基础知识梳理类别课标考点要求词汇攻关1.choose(名词)_(过去式)_2comfortable(副词)_(反义词)_3creative(名词)_4perform(名词)表演者_(名词)表演_5magic(名词)魔术师_6beautiful(反义词)_(副词)_7poor(反义词)_8educate(名词)教育_(形容词)_9discuss(名词)_10.success(形容词)_(副词)_(动词)_11simple(副词)_12able(名词)_(形容词)丧失能力的_13agree(反义词)_(名词)_14begin(同义词)_(反义词)_(名词)_(名词的反义词)_15appear(反义词)_短语归纳1.到目前为止，迄今为止_2有相同特征_3是的职责，由决定_4发挥作用，有影响_5例如_6认真对待_7查明，弄清_8装扮，乔装打扮_9代替，替换_10.干得好_11长大，成长_12确信，对有把握_13在开始时_14关于，与有关_15(尤指为消遣)学着做，开始做_16同意，赞成_17编造(故事，谎言等)_18确保，查明_句型再现1.哪家电影院最好？_ movie theater?2才艺表演变得越来越受欢迎。Talent shows are _3那由你自己来决定。Thats _4人们看这样的节目时，通常承担着评判优胜者的角色。When people watch the show，they usually _ the winner.5然而，并不是每个人都喜欢看这些表演。However，_enjoys watching these shows.6“你认为访谈节目怎么样？”“很好，我不介意。”_ talk shows?Theyre OK._ them.7.因为我希望能弄清楚世界各地正在发生什么事情。Because I _ whats going on around the world.8在20世纪30年代，他用米老鼠制作了87部卡通片。_，he made 87 cartoons with Mickey.9然而，他总是准备好尽其所能。However，he was _10我打算学习计算机科学。Im _ computer science.11长大后你打算成为什么？_ when you grow up?12有时这些决定可能会太难而无法实现。Sometimes the resolutions may be _keep.语法结构1.be going to动词原形。2形容词、副词最高级的构成和基本用法。话题1.Personal traits(外貌特征)2Your town(你的城镇),贵阳五年中考真题演练词汇类()1.(2013贵阳37题)Jimmy is a good boy.He _ his father.They are both kind and clever.Atakes after Btakes out Ctakes away2(2014贵阳90题)Lots of people surf the Internet to look for some _ about the missing plane.(information)3(2014贵阳93题)“Please _，boys and girls，class begins.”Our teacher Miss Green said in a soft voice.(quiet)形容词比较等级4(2013贵阳94题)Which do you like _，football，basketball or volleyball?Basketball.(good)()5.(2011贵阳42题)Nancy and Lucy are twins.In some way they look the same，but Nancy is _ than Lucy.AtallBtallerCtallest()6.(2011贵阳35题)Some Chinese singers sing English songs just as _ as native speakers do.Agood Bbetter Cwell()7.(2013贵阳41题)The Tshirt is too big for me.Would you mind giving me a _ one?OK，here you are.Alarger Bsmaller Cfatter()8.(2014贵阳34题)Sam and Sandy are twin brothers.But Sam is _ than Sandy.Amore outgoingBvery outgoingCthe more outgoing,贵阳中考重难点突破辨析loudly，loud与aloud【考点抢测】loudly，loud，aloud1That music is too _Please turn it down.2Please speak _，or I cant hear you clearly.3He was reading his sisters letter _at that time.4When you are in trouble，you should call _for help.5She screamed as _as she could.【满分点拨】loudly，loud，aloud作为副词都有“大声地，响亮地”的意思。但又有以下区别：词条意义用法aloud大声地；出声地指为使人听见而出声，常与read连用。loud大声地通常指说话声或笑声响亮，一般用来修饰speak，talk，sing，laugh等词。loudly大声地通常带有“喧闹”的意味，常修饰shout，call，cry，knock等词。She is reading aloud.她正在朗读。Why are they laughing so loud?他们为什么笑得那么大声？They all shouted loudly.他们都大声地喊叫。辨析win与beat【考点抢测】win，beat6Mary _the first place in the oral English competition.7She had a nature that quickly _her the friendship of her classmates.8I _John at chess yesterday.9We _their team by 54.10He _badly _in the election.【满分点拨】win“赢得；获胜”，作及物动词，后接比赛(game)、奖品(prize)或战争(war)等作宾语，win还可作vi.表获胜beat“打赢，战胜”，用于比赛时，其宾语为所战胜的对手win和beat的反义词为lose，其常用搭配为lose to sb.【图解助记】【一言辨异】Im sure you can beat others and win the game.我相信你能战胜其他选手，赢得比赛。辨析both与all【考点抢测】both，all11There are three foreigners in our class._of them are American.12Lucy and Lily _agree with us.13Why not eat _of the fish?14How are your parents?Theyre _fine.15There are tall trees on _sides of the street.()16.(2014黄冈中考)Which of the two magazines will you take?Ill take _ though I find _ of them are very useful to me.Aall；bothBeither；eitherCeither；both【满分点拨】both与all的区别“都”不同both表示“两者都”，其反义词为neitherMy parents both like Beijing Opera.我的父母都喜欢京剧。all表示“三者或三者以上都”，其反义词为noneBill is the tallest of all the boys.比尔是所有男孩中最高的。bothand意为“和都；既又”，通常用来连接两个并列的句子成分；连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。Both John and David are from America.约翰和大卫都来自美国。eitheror表示“两者中的任何一个”，当连接两个并列的成分作句子主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则。Either you or I am right.要么是你对了，要么是我对了。neithernor表示“两者都不”，当连接两个并列的成分作句子主语时，谓语动词也遵循就近原则。Neither Ann nor Jenny likes the movie.安和珍妮都不喜欢这部电影。辨析be similar to，take after，look like与be like【考点抢测】be similar to，take after，look like，be like17My bag _hers.18Jane really _her friend.19Li Ming _his father.20That car _my brothers.21It _its going to rain soon.22What _he _？【满分点拨】be similar to用法广泛，用法一般都是在相近似的物品和情境的对比上。意思是“某物为某人所熟知；与相似”，含有被动的意思。如：My pen is similar to yours.我的钢笔和你的相似take after意为“长得像，行为、性格等像”，最常见的是用在有血缘关系的亲子之间，外貌用的最多，尤其是像自己的长辈，可解释为be similar to。另外，也能够用在性格脾气这些内在特质上。如：Mary really takes after her mother.玛丽的确长得像她的妈妈。look like能够用来表达take after的意思，但look like多指视觉上的相似，应用范围广，可以用于所有场合，既可指人也可指物，只指外表看上去像，另外，也能抽象表达事件或现象。如：The man looks like our headmaster.那个人看起来像我们的校长。be like比look like的应用范围更大，可指“品德、性格、相貌”等，而look like则常指相貌“看起来像”。如：What is he like？他是个什么样的人？find out查明；弄清【考点抢测】find，discover，find out，look for23Im _ my pen.But I cant _ it.24Do you _ why Tom was late?25Do you know when Columbus _ America?26(2013泉州中考)Please _(查找) new words in the dictionary.OK.()27.(2014遵义中考)The policeman discovered who had stolen the car.Afound outBknew aboutClooked for【满分点拨】find，discover，look for与find out的区别find“找到；发现；感到”，强调找的结果，是非延续性动词discover“发现；发觉”，指发现某种情况或发现早已存在而未为人知的东西look for“寻找”，强调找的动作，是延续性动词find out“查明；弄清”，指经过认真观察、调查或研究把某事或某物查出来、搞清楚，多用于复杂而不容易直接查出的情况happen v发生；出现【考点抢测】28那位可怜的老人昨天发生了车祸。A car accident _ _