6专题六 动词与动词词组.doc

专题六 动词与动词词组高考真题回顾1. Just as Professor Scotti often it, success is ninety-nine percent mental attitude.（2009年安徽卷）A. gets B. makes C. puts D. means【考点】考查动词短语的辨析【解析】A项的get 得到，get it意为“懂得，了解,受罚”；B项的make做，制造，make it意为“成功，及时到达”；C项的put放，put it意为 put it“表达”；D项的mean意味着，mean it意为“当真”。分析语境可知这是在引用Scotti教授说的话，应该用动词puts, as sb puts it意为“正如某人所说的”，符合题意。故答案选C。【翻译】正如Scotti教授经常表述的一样，成功是99%的精神态度。【扩展】连词as在这里引导的是方式状语从句，意为“依照，正如”，又如：As I said earlier, this company has just started.正如我之前说过的，这个公司才刚刚成立。【脱口而出】put it表达How can I put it? Your new hair style looks very strange.我该怎么说呢？你的新发型看起来很怪。make it成功，及时到达I will make it, if I stick to it.如果我坚持，我就会成功.get it懂得，了解，受罚If it is put across well, the students will gets it.如果你讲清楚了，学生们会理解的。mean it当真，说道做到I dont mean it. Im just kidding.我不是当真的，我是闹着玩儿的。2. The Somali robbers frequent attacks on the sea urged the United Nations to _all nations to take immediate action.（2009年福建卷）A. fight for B. apply for C. call on D. wait on【考点】考查动词短语的辨析【解析】fight for意为“与做斗争；为而战”；apply for意为“申请”；call on意为“拜访（人）；号召”；wait for意为“等待，伺候，服伺”。经分析可知，只有选项C符合句意。【翻译】索马里海盗在海上频繁的抢劫促使联合国号召所有国家立即采取行动。【扩展】动词urge意为“顿促，力劝”，题中考查了句型urge sb. to do sth.，意为“敦促某人做某事”，如：Emma family urge her to get married this year.凯蒂的家人催她今年结婚。【脱口而出】call on拜访（人）；号召I often call on him at night.我经常晚上拜访他。an attack on对的攻击Japanese army delivered an attack on Peal Harbor in 1945. 日军在1945年对珍珠港发起了攻击。3. Would you please the paper for me and see if there are any obvious mistakes?（2009年湖北卷）A. look around B. look into C. look up D. look through【考点】考查动词短语辨析【解析】look around意为“环顾四周”；look into意为“调查”；look up意为“查阅，抬头看”；look through意为“查看，快速浏览”。从后半句可知，查找那些明显的错误只需要快速浏览便可，用look through。故答案选D。【翻译】请你帮我浏览这篇论文，看是否有明显的错误好吗？【扩展】本题是一个提出请求问句“Would you please?”意为“请你好吗？”如：Would you please turn down your TV? 请你把电视机声音关小好吗？；see if后接从句，意为“看看是否”，又如：I checked my handbag and see if anything is missing.我检查了我的手提包，看看是否有东西丢失。【脱口而出】Would you pleaseWould you please open the door for me？请您开下门好吗？look throughHere are some books for you to look through.你要审查的书在这里。look upWhy dont you look up the word in the dictionary?你为什么不用字典查这个单词呢？4. -Im surprised to hear that “Sue and Paul have .（2009年江苏卷24题）-So am I. They seemed very happy together when I last saw them. A. broken up B. finished up C. divided up D closed up【考点】考查动词短语辨析【解析】各选项短语分别是：break up意为“ （婚姻或恋爱关系）破裂；解散”； finish up 意为“结果成为；最终到来”； divide up 意为“分担，分配，分享”；close up 意为“关闭；（伤口）愈合”。从下文语境可知，Sue 和Paul的关系是由好转到了不好，只有break up符合题意。故答案选A。【翻译】-听到Sue 和Paul分手了，我很惊讶。 -我也是。上次我看到他们时，他们还相处得很愉快呢。【扩展】倒装结构“so +be/助动词/情态动词+主语”, 表示“也如此”, 又如：He loves having a lot of friends, so do I. 他喜欢交很多朋友，我也是如此。如果是对前面内容的肯定或强调，可用“so+主语+be/助动词/情态动词”的结构，如：It is cold today. So it is. 今天很冷。的确如此。【脱口而出】break upHe and his girlfriend broke up last year.他和他的女朋友去年分手了finish upHe finished up his speech with a famous poem.他以一首著名的诗结束了演讲。divide upThe cake was divided up equally among the children.蛋糕被平均分给了孩子们。close upThe supermarket closes up at 10 p.m.这个超市晚上十点关闭。5. Amy joined a painting group but didnt seem to _, so she left. （2009年山东卷31题）A. show off B. go up C. fit in D. come over 【考点】考查动词短语辨析【解析】各选项短语分别是：show off意为“炫耀，卖弄”；go up意为“上升，上涨”；fit in意为“相处融洽，融入（群体）”；come over意为“来到；顺便来访”。分析句意可知，只有选项C正确。【翻译】艾米参加了绘画小组，但好像不适应，所以离开了。【扩展】join意为“加入；参加；成为中的一员”，其宾语往往是某组织或团体等，如：to join army/the Party/the strike参军/入党/参加罢工。【脱口而出】joinMy brother joined the army in 2008.我的哥哥2008年参的军。go upThe price of oil has gone up greatly since last September.自去年九月份以来，油价大幅度上涨了。fit inMany new students have some difficulties fitting in.许多新生在融入进来了的时候会遇到困难。come overThousands of visitors come over every summer.每年夏天都有成千上万的游客来到这里。6. - Sorry, I have to _ now. Its time for class.- OK, Ill call back later.（2009年天津卷6题）A. hang up B. break up C. give up D. hold up【考点】考查动词短语的辨析【解析】各选项动词短语分别是：hang up表示“挂断电话；挂上”；break up 表示“（婚姻或恋爱关系）破裂；解散；分解”；give up表示“放弃”；hold up 表示“举起，抬起”。从后文的call back later可知要挂电话了，只有 hang up符合题意。故答案选A。【翻译】对不起我的挂电话了，上课的时间到了。好的,我会再打电话来。【扩展】Its time for sth./ Its time for sb. to do sth. 是做某事的时候了，如：Its time for us to have lunch.是我们吃中饭的时候了。但在Its time that句型中，从句的谓语动词要使用过去式，或者should+动词原形，如：It is time that we had/should have lunch.是我们吃中饭的时候了。【脱口而出】hang up挂断电话I have to hang up now. Time is up.我必须挂电话了，时间到了。call back 回电话Ill call back after supper.晚饭后我给你回电话。7. -How about your journey to Mount Emei ? （2009年四川卷）-Everything was wonderful except that our car _ twice on the way . A. slowed down B. broke down C. got down D. put down【考点】考查动词短语的辨析【解析】各选项的动词分别是：slow down 意为“慢下来，减速”；break down意为“损坏，发生故障，拆散”；get down 意为“使沮丧；下车”；put down意为“放下，平定，镇压”。经分析语境可知，旅行的美中不足是路上汽车出故障了。表示“出故障，有毛病”，应用break down。故答案选B。【翻译】你的峨眉之行怎么样？ 一切都非常好，除了路上我们的汽车坏了两次。【扩展】How about ？意为“怎么样呢？”，用于征求意见，或提及新的事实等，如：How about your exam yesterday? 你昨天的考试怎么样呢？【脱口而出】How about How about the football match last night?昨晚的足球比赛怎么样了？on the wayYou can also visit the Summer Palace on the way.路上你还可以游览颐和园。8. Practicing Chinese kung fu can not only ones strength, but also develop ones character. （2009年浙江卷）A bring up B .take up C build up D. pull up 【考点】考查动词的固定搭配【解析】各选项的动词词组分别是：bring up 意为“养育（孩子）；提及”；take up 意为“占用，占去”；build up 意为“增强，增进；逐步建立”；pull up 意为“（使车）停下”。在这里build up ones strength意为“增强某人的力量“，是固定搭配。故答案选C。【翻译】练习中国功夫不仅能增强人体的力量，还能锻炼人的性格。【扩展】句型“not onlybut also”意为“不但而且”，如：That boy is not only clever but also very diligent. 那个男孩不但聪明而且非常勤奋。【脱口而出】develop 发展，开发，冲洗Could you please develop the film for me?你能帮我冲洗这个胶卷吗?bring up养育，教育，提及My mother alone bring up three children.我的母亲独自抚养了三个孩子。build up ones strength增强某人的力量He does a lot of exercises to build up his strength every morning. 每天早晨他进行大量的锻炼以增强力量。9. Dont be so discouraged. If you _such feelings, you will do better next time.（2008年安徽卷）A. carry on B. get back C. break down D. put away【考点】考查动词短语的辨析【解析】carry on 表示“继续进行从事”；get back 表示“回来”；break down 表示“出故障，损坏，分解”；put away 表示“抛弃，放弃，处理掉”。分析语境可知，抛开泄气的情绪，要用put away 。故答案选D。【翻译】不要这么泄气，如果你抛开这种情绪，下次会做得更好。【扩展】discouraged是形容词，意为“气馁的，泄气的”，动词是discourage意为“使气馁，使沮丧”，又如：I felt rather discouraged today.我今天感到很气馁。【脱口而出】discouragedHe will never be discouraged no matter what happens.不管发生什么，他都不会泄气。carry on We have to carry on as if nothing had happened.我们必须继续下去，就好像什么都没发生过。10. The teacher stressed again that the students should not _ any important details while retelling the story.（2008年湖北卷）A. bring out B. let out C. leave out D. make out【考点】考查动词词组辨析【解析】bring out 意为“阐明，显示出，出版”；let out 意为“放掉（水、气等），泄露”；leave out 意为“遗漏”；make out意为“理解，辨别出”。分析句意可知，只有选项C正确。【翻译】老师再次强调：学生们在复述故事时，不应该漏掉任何重要的细节。【扩展】stress作动词意为“强调，重读”，如：He stressed the same problem at the meeting.他在会上强调了同一个问题。stress作名词意为“压力，紧张，重要性”，如：My parents put great stress on responsibility.我的父母十分注重责任。【脱口而出】retell 复述My teacher asked me to retell the story in English.我的老师要我用英语复述这个故事。bring out 显示出，阐明，出版A little salt can bring out the flavor.加一点盐就有味了。11. -Im still working on my project.- Oh, youll miss the deadline. Time is _.（2008年江苏卷）A. running out B. going out C. giving out D. losing out【考点】考查动词词组的辨析【解析】run out 指“用完，耗尽”；go out指“走出，出去，熄灭，停止运转” ；give out指“分发，精疲力竭”；lose out 指“损失，失败” 。表示时间用完、耗尽时多用run out。故答案选A。【翻译】-我仍然在做这个项目。 -啊！你肯定不能如期完成了，因为快没时间了。【扩展】deadline是名词，意为“最后期限”，miss the deadline指“错过截止时间”，又如：If you dont improve your efficiency, youll miss the deadline. 如果你不提高效率，你就要错过最后期限了。【脱口而出】run outOur petrol will run out soon.我们的汽油马上要用完了。lose outHe doesnt want to lose out to those big company,他不想输给那些大公司。12. Einstein like Boses paper so much that he _ his own work and translated it into German. （2008年山东卷29题）A. gave off B. turned down C. took over D. set aside【考点】考查具体语境中动词短语的辨析【解析】选项A的give off意为“发出（气味、光、热、声音等）”，不符合题意；选项B的turn down意为“调低（机器的音量，热度等）；拒绝（提议、请求、邀请）”，也不符合题意；选项C的take over意为“接管、接手；接住”，从句意分析,亦不合适；选项D的set aside意为“放下、把置于一旁 ”，符合题意。故答案选D。【翻译】爱因斯坦是如此喜欢波斯的论文，以至于他放下自己的工作来把波斯的论文翻译成德文。【扩展】本题中出现了连词“so+形容词或副词+that”，表示“如此以至”，如：He was so hungry that he could hardly stand.他饿得几乎站不起来了。【脱口而出】give offThe factory often gives off terrible smell.这个工厂经常散发出难闻的气味。set asideHe sets aside some money every month.他每个月都会存一些钱。13. After studying in a medical college for five years, Jane her job as a doctor in the countryside.（2008年宁夏卷）A. set out B. took over C. took up D. set up【考点】考查动词短语的辨析【解析】set out意为“出发、动身、着手做”，后接不定式，即set out to do意为“着手做”；take over意为“接管、接手；接住”；take up相当于to start or begin sth.，意为“开始从事”；set up意为“设立、建立、创办”。根据句意，表示开始医生的工作，应该用take up。故答案选C。【翻译】在一所医科大学上了五年学以后，简开始了在乡下作一名医生的工作。【扩展】本题考查了对“连词+分词短语”作状语的理解，又如：When crossing the street, you should be careful.当你过马路的时候要小心。需要注意的是：分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语就是主句的主语。【脱口而出】take overI wanted her to take over my work.我原想让她接手我的工作。take upHe moved to Beijing with his wife to take up that position.为得到那个职位，他和他的妻子搬到了北京居住。14. -What are you reading, Tom?-Im not really reading, just _ the pages.（2008年全国卷9题）A. turning off B. turning around C. turning over D. turning up【考点】考查动词短语的辨析【解析】A项的turn off意为“关（水源、煤气、电灯等），避开（问题）”；B项的turn around意为“转身，翻身”；C项的turn over意为“翻转，翻动,移交”；D项的 turn up意为“开大，调高（音量、热量等），露面，被发现，被找到”。根据句意，表示“翻书页”，应该用turn over。故答案选 C。【翻译】汤姆，你正在读什么啊？我不是真的在读书，只是随意翻翻。【扩展】really作副词，意为“事实上，真地”，not really可以单独使用，意为“不是，不全是”，如：Are you tired yet? -Not really.你累了吗？-不太累。【脱口而出】turn aroundThe car had to stop and turn around.那辆车必须停下来，然后调头。turn overIf you turn over, you might be easier to fall asleep.如果你翻翻身，你会更容易入睡。15. If a person has not had enough sleep, his actions will give him _ during the day.（2008年江西卷）A. away B. up C. in D. back【考点】考查动词的固定搭配【解析】give away意为“（不经意）泄露”，这里表示行为举止会不经意显露出来，符合题意；give up意为“放弃”，give in意为“屈服”，give back意为“归还”均不合题意。答案选A。【翻译】如果一个人的睡眠不足，那么一天中，他的行为举止就会显露出来。【扩展】enough意为“充足的（地），足够的（地）”，作形容词时,放在名词前后皆可，如：I have enough time/time enough to do my homework.我有足够的时间完成家庭作业。【脱口而出】give awayHe said he didnt know her, but his face gave him away.他说他不认识她， 但他的表情说明他在说谎。give backWill you give the book back to Mary?帮我把书还给玛丽好吗？16. -Didnt you have a good time at the party?-Of course I did. As a matter of fact, I had such fun that time seemed to so quickly.（2007年安徽卷27题）A. go by B. go away C. go out D. go over【考点】考查动词短语的辨析【解析】go by 意为“（时间）过去”；go away意为“离开”；go out意为“出去”；go over意为“复习”。这里表示时间过得很快，应用go by，故答案选A。【翻译】-聚会上你玩得不开心吗？ -当然开心了。事实上，我如此开心以至于感觉时间过得非常快。【扩展】have a good time意为“过得愉快，玩得开心”，如：We had a very good time on our trip.我们旅途上过得非常愉快。have a bad/hard time意为“过得困难”，如：I had a very bad time in my childhood.我童年过得很困难。【脱口而出】go byTime went by quickly.时光飞逝。go awayI would be glad if you would go away.如果你能走开，我将感激不尽。17. Her shoes _her dress; they look very well together.（2008年天津卷13题）A. suit B. fit C. compare D. match【考点】考查动词词义辨析【解析】A项的suit指“颜色、花样、或款式等相配”；B项的fit指“大小、尺寸等的合体”；C项的compare指“比较”；D项的match指“两个东西的相配、相称”。在这里指鞋和裙子很相配，应该用match，故答案选D。【翻译】她的鞋和裙子很相配，搭配得非常好。【扩展】compare 指两种事物进行的“比较，对照”，表示“把和相比”，用comparewith,如：Compare this with that, and you will find which one is better.把这个和那个相比，你就会发现哪个更好。【脱口而出】suit Yellow and blue are colors that suit me very well.黄色和蓝色是很适合我的两种颜色fitThe coat fits you well.这件大衣很适合你。matchYour shoes dont match your trousers.你的鞋和裤子不相配。18. We firmly believe that war never settles anything. It only _ violence.（2007年浙江卷11题）A. runs into B. comes from C. leads to D. begins with【考点】考查动词词组的辨析【解析】run into意为“撞上，偶然碰见”；come from意为“来自”；lead to意为“导致”；begin with意为“以开始”。分析句意可知，战争只会导致暴力，所以要用lead to。答案选C。【翻译】我们坚信战争永远不能解决任何问题，他只能导致暴力。【扩展】begin with相当于start with，意为“以开始”，end up with “以结束”，如：The evening party began with/ended up with a popular song. 晚会是以唱一首流行歌开始/结束的。 【脱口而出】firmly坚定地，坚固地The boy was firmly determined to be a lawyer.这个男孩下定决心要成为一名律师。run into撞上，偶然碰见He was so sleepy that he ran into a wall.他是如此困倦，以至于撞上了一堵墙。19. -Have you _ some new ideas?-Yeah. Ill tell you later.（2007年江苏卷24题）A. come about B. come into C. come up with D. come out with【考点】考查动词短语的辨析【解析】come about表示“发生”；come into表示“进入，加入”；come up with表示“提出（想法）”；come out with表示“发表，公布”。根据句意，表示提出新想法，要用come up with。故答案选C。【翻译】-你提出什么新的想法了吗/-是的，待会告诉你。【扩展】Yeah是口语词，相当于yes，意为“是，是的”，如：Oh, Yeah! Its very interesting! 哦，是的。非常有趣。【脱口而出】come aboutHow did this accident come about?这起事故时如何发生的？come up withHe came up with some creative ideas at the meeting.在会议上他提出了一些创造性的想法。come out withMy company has come out with a new type of product.我的公司推出了一款新产品。20. -Do you think that housing price will keep _ in the years to come?-Sorry, I have no idea.（2007年江苏卷34题）A. lifting up B. going up C. bringing up D. growing up【考点】考查动词词组的辨析【解析】lift up意为“举起，提起”；go up 意为“上升，上涨”；bring up意为“养育，教育，提及”；grow up意为“长大，成熟”。表示房价是否会持续上涨，应用go up，故答案选B。【翻译】-你认为房价在未来几年会持续上涨吗？ -抱歉，我不知道。【扩展】housing price指“房价，住房价格”。本题中还考查了动词短语keep doing sth.意为“继续做某事/持续不断做某事”，如：She kept complaining the terrible noise which came from the factory. 她不断地抱怨从工厂传出的可怕噪音。【脱口而出】lift up举起，提起Can you lift the suitcase up?你能举起这个箱子吗？基本要点梳理一、 动词的分类按照句法功能分类：动词主动词实义动词及物动词 like, enjoy, encourage， 等不及物动词go, walk, stand，等助动词连系动词be, keep, stay等基本助动词be do, have, will等情态助动词Can, could, may 等按照词汇性质分类动词延续性动词live生活, lie躺, sit坐非延续性动词arrive到达, join加入, die死亡, finish完成二、 连系动词表示主语身份、性质、状态的动词，叫作连系动词。连系动词后一般可跟名词、形容词、代词等作表语。连系动词通常没有被动形式。1 表示某种状态或特征的连系动词be是keep保持 stay保持remain 保持lie位于sit坐seem看上去continue继续appear看上去显得stand处于某种状态2 表示状态转变的连系动词become变得get变得turn变成prove证明grow变成come成为go变得fall变为run变成构成的短语有：go bad(食物)变坏go hungry挨饿turn out 结果是go mad发疯fall ill (sick)生病fall asleep入睡run dry干涸3 表示感官类的连系动词look看起来sound听起来taste尝气来smell闻起来feel感觉、摸起来三、 实义动词实义动词是具有完整意义，可以单独作谓语的动词，主要表示主语的动作、性质和状态，也可与助动词连用表示更加复杂的动词含义。实义动词分为及物动词和不及物动词。及物动词能接宾语，用vt表示；不及物动词不能接宾语，用vi表示。大部分及物动词可跟单宾语，少数可跟双宾语与复合宾语。1 双宾语动词1.1 用to形式的动词， bring带来give 给pass传递teach教wish祝愿return归还sell出售show表现tell告诉结构：vt+间接宾语+直接宾语=vt+直接宾语+ to+ 间接宾语My father gave me a story book as a gift.=My father gave a story book to me as a gift.我的父亲给我一本故事书作为礼物。1.2 用for形式的动词buy买choose选择find发现keep保持make制作save救护draw画paint油漆结构：vt+间接宾语+直接宾语=vt+直接宾语+ for+ 间接宾语My father bought me a story book as a gift.=My father bought a story book for me as a gift.我的父亲给我买了一本故事书作为礼物。1.3 即可用to形式又可以用for形式的动词do做play表演sing唱歌get拿到read读Can you read this story for/to me?你能给我读这个故事吗？He sang several English songs for/to us at the party yesterday.在昨晚的聚会上为我们唱了几首英文歌。2 复合结构动词 2.1 Vt+宾语+形容词Keep the door open. 把门开着。The terrible noise almost drove me mad.这可怕的噪音几乎让我疯了。此类常见动词：believe相信，drive驱使, find发现, get使, keep使保持, leave留下, make使, push推, set使, consider认为,cut切,declare宣布, imagine想象,dye染。2.2 Vt+宾语+名词We consider her a strange person.我们认为她是个怪人。We made him our monitor.我们选他担任我们的班长。此类常见动词：name命名， call叫，make使变为，consider认为， find发现，wish 祝愿， choose选择，keep使，elect选举。2.3 Vt+宾语+to+do Mother asks me to take care of myself. 母亲叫我照顾好自己。I persuaded him to accept my plan.我说服他接受这个计划。此类常见动词：advise建议, allow允许, ask要求, persuade说服,expect期望, invite邀请, get使, order命令, teach教, wish希望, want想要, encourage鼓励,force强迫,forbid禁止，tell告诉2.4 Vt+宾语+doMother made me clean my own room.母亲让我打扫自己的房间。此类常见动词：have使, make使, let让, see看见, observe观察, notice注意,feel感觉, watch注意看, look at看, hear听见2.5 Vt+宾语+to beWe consider him to be humorous.我们认为他很幽默。此类常见动词：believe认为, consider认为, feel感受, find发现, imagine想象, know知道,understand理解。在这类结构中be可以省去，相当于“vt+宾语+形容词/名词”结构，如：We consider him to be humorous.= We consider him humorous.2.6 Vt+宾语+doingI saw him playing basketball with his classmates.我看见他正在和他的同学打篮球。I heard her singing in the next room.我听见她在隔壁间房里唱歌。此类常见动词：get使, have让，keep使, catch抓住, find发现,和感官动词see看见, hear听见, look at看, smell闻到2.7 Vt+宾语+doneI couldnt make myself heard by all the audiences.我无法让所有听众都能听到我。She found herself surrounded by a group of reporters.她发现自己被一群记者包围了。此类常见动词：使役动词have, get, make和感官动词see, hear, watch等；make oneself done 意为“使某人自己被”。2.8 Vt+宾语+副词Can I ask Tom in?我能叫汤姆进来吗？Show the guests around, please.请带客人到处走走。此类常见动词：ask叫、让,get使,let让, find发现,drive开车送,shut关闭,invite邀请,see看见,order命令,show领2.9 Vt+宾语+介词短语Dont have children at home all day. You should ask them to play outdoors.不要让孩子老待在家里，你应该叫他们外出玩耍。Keep the books on the shelf and take them when necessary.把书放在书架子，用时随时拿。此类常见动词：have使， get使， make使， keep保持， find发现， feel 感觉，see看见， hear听见，notice注意到， discover发现3 延续性动词3.1 延续性动词可与一段时间的状语连用，如：I have been working here for a couple of years.我在这里工作已经两年了。We have known each other since childhood.自孩提时我们就认识了。3.2 延续性动词表示一时的动作时，可以在该动词前面加get/begin/come，即“get/ begin/come +to+延续性动词”结构，如：We began to see that we had made a serious mistake.我们开始认识到我们犯了一个大错。They came to know each other ten years ago.他们二十年前就认识了。4 非延续性动词4.1 非延续性动词不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，但是在表示一段时间内的某个时间“点”时或在否定句中，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用，如：We havent met each other for ages. 我们多年没有见面了。The plane will take off in half an hour. 飞机将在半个小时后起飞。The fire broke out during the night.火是夜间发生的。4.2 非延续性动词一般不用于while 引起的时间状语从句中，如：While the family came here from Vietnam, they were penniless. （误）When the family came here from Vietnam, they were penniless. （正）这一家人从越南刚来时，他们身无分文。4.3 延续性动词与非延续性动词的转换非延续性动词延续性动词非延续性动词延续性动词arrivestay buyhaveb