初一英语家教资料.doc

【Text】IamanartstudentandIpaintalotofpictures.Manypeoplepretendthatthey、understandmodernart.Theyalwaystellyouwhatapictureisabout.Ofcourse,manypicturesarenotaboutanything.Theyarejustprettypatterns.Weliketheminthesamewaythatwelikeprettycurtainmaterial.Ithinkthatyoungchildrenoftenappreciatemodernpicturesbetterthananyoneelse.Theynoticemore.Mysisterisonlyseven,butshealwaystellsmewhethermypicturesaregoodornot.Shecameintomyroomyesterday.Whatareyoudoing?sheasked.Imhangingthispictureonthewall,Ianswered.Itsanewone.Doyoulikeit?Shelookedatitcriticallyforamoment.Itsallright,shesaid,butisntitupsidedown?Ilookedatitagain.Shewasright!Itwas!【Newwordsandexpressions】（13）artn.艺术criticn.评论家 paintv.画 pretendv.假装 patternn.图案curtainn.窗帘，幕布materialn.材料appreciatev.鉴赏noticev.注意到whetherconj.是否 hangv.悬挂，吊 criticallyadv.批评地upsidedown上下颠倒地（两个同样的音连在一起时,前面的音声去不读）【Multiplechoicequestions】4Whatisitabout? = Tellme_.a.whatisitaboutb.whatitisaboutc.whataboutitisd.whataboutisit疑问句的直接引语变间接引语要注意：特殊疑问句由特殊疑问词引导时态：主句的谓语动词是过去时时,其从句的谓语动词应为相对应的时态疑问句变成间接引语时,要变成陈述句语序人称的变化5Shetellsme_mypicturesaregoodornot.a.weatherb.thatc.ifd.unless unless6Doyoulikemypicture?Its_ _.a.anewb.onenewc.newoned.anewone10Youngchildrenoftenappreciatemodernpictures.=They_them.a.estimateb.esteemc.valued.understandandenjoy9Thiscurtainmaterialisverygood_ _.a.clothesb.clothc.substanced.matterclothes11Theynoticemore.=They_more.a.remarkb.observec.sayd.takecare12Itsupsidedown.Itisnt_ _.a.upb.downc.therightwaydownd.therightwayup（nottherightwaydown=therightwayup upsidedown与therightwayup意思相反）Grammar:初一英语语法可数名词与不可数名词一、可数名词与不可数名词的区别普通名词所表示的人或事物是可以按个数计算的，这类名词叫可数名词。可数名词分为个体名词(表示某类人或事物中的个体，如worker,farmer,desk,factory等)和集体名词(表示作为一个整体来看的一群人或一些事物，如people,family等)。如果普通名词所表示的事物是不能按个数来计算的，这类名词就叫不可数名词。不可数名词分为物质名词(表示无法分为个体的物质，如meat,rice,water,milk,orange等)和抽象名词(表示动作、状态、情况、品质等抽象概念，如work,homework,time,health,friendship等)。二、关于可数名词名词由单数形式变成复数形式的规则如下：1.一般的名词词尾直接 。如：bookbooks roomroomshousehousesdaydays2.以s,ss,ch,sh,x结尾的名词，在词尾加 。如：busbusesglassglasseswatchwatchesdishdishes boxboxes3.以辅音字母+y结尾的名词，要 。如：citycitiesbodybodiesfactoryfactories等等。4.以f或fe结尾的名词，要 .如：halfhalvesleafleaves5.特例childchildrenmanmenwomanwomenpolicemanpolicemen(规律：manmen)tomatotomatoespotatopotatoes初中英语以o结尾的名词变复数时只有这两个词加-es photophoto .footfeettoothteethoo变成ee。sheep,Chinese,Japanese单、复数同形people单数形式表示复数意义，要求谓语动词用复数；people的复数形式peoples通常指“多个民族”。三、关于不可数名词1.不可数名词没有复数，当它作句子的主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。如：Thefoodisveryfresh.食品很新鲜。2.有的不可数名词也可以作可数名词，有复数形式，但他们的意义往往发生变化。如：water(水)waters(水域)orange(橘汁)oranges(橘子)3.很多的不可数名词表示泛指时为不可数，表示种类时就可数，但意义大多不发生变化。如：fruitfruits foodfoods fishfishes hairhairs4、可数名词前可用具体的数词来表示具体的数量。如：twoapples,fourbooks等。不可数名词前通常用单位词+of来表示数量。如：apieceofpaper,threepiecesofpaper等。不可数名词前有复数单位词时，谓语动词要用 形式。Therearetwocupsofteaonthetable.桌上有两杯茶。注意：1.对可数名词前的修饰语提问用 ;对不可数名词前的修饰语提问用 。如： applesarethereinthebox? teaisthereinthecup piecesofbreadarethereontheplate?2. some,any,alotof,lotsof等用来修饰可数名词还是不可数名词？Therearesomeorangesonthedesk. Thereisalotofwaterinthebottle.二There be 句型1、定义：Therebe结构主要用以表达“某地有某人(某物)”2.基本结构：(1)Thereis+单数可数名词/不可数名词+地点状语. (2)Thereare+复数名词+地点状语.3.句型变化：(1)、否定句：therebe的否定式通常在be后加not。 (2)、一般疑问句及其答语： 1、一般疑问句：把be动词提前,首字母大写,句末用问号即可。 2、回答时，“用什么问，就用什么答”，用Is/Arethere来提问，就用thereis/are来回答。4注意要点：1、some和any在“therebe”句型中的用法：some一些（some用于肯定句） any一些（any用于否定句和一般疑问句） 所以Therebe句型在变成否定句或一般疑问句时，要注意把句中的some变成any。 2. 就近原则：there是个近视眼。若句子中有几个并列的主语时,be的形式要与离其最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致。 3、“therebe”和“have”的区别 Therebe表示“存在有”；have（has）表示“所属有”。他们翻译为“有”，但具体用法不相同，且两种结构不能同时合用。 E.g.1、Ihaveabook.我有一本书。 （注：书归我所有，我是书的主人。所属有） 2、Thereisabookonthedesk.在桌子上有一本书。 （注：书只是存在于桌子上，但书不属于桌子所有。存在有） 4. 8、常见的的介词和介词短语： 介词：at在.in在.里面on在.上面 under在.下面behind在.后面near在.附近 介词短语举例： home在家 （ ）thebox在盒子 （）thefloor在地板上（）thetree在树下( )thedoor在门后面（ ）thezoo在动物园附近in（ ）of在前面Exercises:1.Thedeerhasfour_.(foot)2.Hertwobrothersareboth_(policeman).3.Therearefour_(Japanese)andtwo_(German)inthegroup.4.Canyouseenine_(horse)inthepicture?5.Theboyhastwo_(watch).6.Therearelotsof_(potato)inthebasket.7.Thecatcaught(抓住了)two_(mouse)lastnight.8.There_(is)some_(milk)inthebottle.9.Iwanttohavesome_(food).10.Hegivesmesome_(money)asareward(奖赏)。4.Thereisalotof_(water)inthebottle.5.Therearefive_(people)inhisfamily.6.Letstake_(photo),OK?7.Ihavelotsof_(tomato)here.8.The_(leaf)onthetreeturn-yellow.9.The_(child)areplayinggamesontheplaygroundnow.10.Their_(dictionary)looknew.11.Iseeyouhaveafewwhite_(hair).12.Theyare_(woman)doctors.13.Canyougivemesomebottlesof_(orange),please?14.Therearemany_(fox)inthepicture.15.Iwouldlikesomeapple_(juice).Iamverythirsty.8TheJapanese_willnotleaveChinauntilshefinishesherstudy.A.womanB.womenC.manD.menII.找出不可数名词，在横线上打勾，并将可数名词变成复数形式：homework_half_advice_money_knowledge_boot_blood_music_chicken_heat_mouth_bread_information_milk_cow_tear_1.Thereisanewbedandanolddeskintheroom.否定句一般疑问句回答2、Thereissomewaterinthebottle.在瓶子里有一些水。.（否定句）一般疑问句）3、Therearesomechildreninthepicture.图片里有一些小孩。（否定句）（一般疑问句）4.-Arethere_shopsnearhere?-No,thereare_shopsnearhere.A.some,notB.some,anyC.any,notD.any,no5. Theresomebooks，twopencilsandapenonthedesk.6.Theremilkandeggsonthetable.7.Thereeggsandmilkonthetable.8.There_abigdogandasmallcatnearthetable.9.There_apen,twopencilsandaneraserinthepencil-box.10._therearadioonyourdesk?A.AreB.IsC.Am11._thereamaponthewall?Yes,there_.A.Are/isB.Is/areC.Is/isD.Are12.Howmanypeople_inyourfamily?A.doyouhaveB.arethereC.youhadD.thereare二、按要求完成句子1.Thereisacomputerinmyhouse.(一般疑问句)_acomputerin_house?2.Therearesomeflowersontheteachersdesk.(一般疑问句)_flowersontheteachersdesk?3.Therearentanyapplesonthetree.(变回肯定句）There_applesonthetree.4.Thereisapearinthebox.(变否定句)There_apearinthebox.5.Therearefiftystudentsinmyclass.(对划线部分提问)_studentsarethereinyourclass?Speaking and Writing:Conversation3：Family7广州是中国南方一个重要的大都市，请你根据以下信息，简单介绍一下广州的气候：广州是一个温暖的城市。夏季长，冬季短。夏天很热，晴朗的时候很多，有时也会有雷雨（thunderstorm）大风。这里的冬天不会很冷，也不会下雪。要求不少于50词，开头已给出，不计入总词数。IamgladtotellyousomethingabouttheweatherinGuangzhou.Reading:1. Peterwasasmallboy.Helivedwithhisparentsinasmallhousenearsomehills.Thepeopletherewereallpoor.Onenightitwasverydryandwindy.Wheneverybodywasasleep,Petersuddenlyheardsomenoise.Itcameoutfromthekitchen(厨房).Hegotupandwalkedtothekitchen.Hefoundthatthewoodbesidethestove(火炉)wasburning.Therewasnowatertap(水龙头)inthehouse,sohecouldnotputout(扑灭)thefire.Heshoutedloudlytowakeupeveryoneinthehouse.Thenheranoutofhishouseandknockedonthedoorsofmanyhousestowakethepeopleup.Theyalllefttheirhousesquickly.Atlastthefirewasputoutbythefiremen.Manyhouseswereburnt.Butnobodywasburntinthefire.1 Peterlivedwithhis_.AsistersBbrothersCunclesDparents2Onenighthefoundthat_besidethestovewasburning.AthetableBthewoodCthedoorDthewindow3_,sohecouldnotputoutthefire.AEverybodywasasleepBHecouldntshoutloudlyCThekitchenwasverybigDtherewasnowatertapinthehouse4Peterknockedonthedoorsofmanyhouses_.AtowakethepeopleupBtogetsomewaterCtofindhisclassmatesDtovisitthem5_hurtinthefire.APeopleinotherhouseswereBPetersparentswereCNobodywasDPeterwas2. MrSmithlivesinthesmallvillage,butheworksinanofficeinabigcity.Hegoestoworkbytraineverymorningandcomes_1_thesameway.Onemorningwhilehewas_2_hisnewspaperonthetrain,aman_3_himcameuptohim.MrSmithhadnotmethimbefore.Themansaid,“_4_”tohimandthen_5_totalktohim.Themansaid,“Your_6_isntinteresting,isit?Yougotonthesametrainatthesamestationatthesametime_7_morningandyoualwayssitinthesameseatandreadthesamenewspaper.”WhenMrSmith_8_this,heputhisnewspaperdown,turnedaroundand_9_tothemanangrily,“Howdoyouknowallthataboutme?”“BecauseIm_10_sittinginthesameseatbehindyou,”themananswered.1.A.familyB.houseC.villageD.home2.A.seeingB.lookC.readingD.finding3.A.beforeB.behindC.besideD.nextto4.A.SorryB.ThanksC.HelloD.Goodbye5.A.refusedB.stoppedC.orderedD.began6.A.lifeB.workC.officeD.child7.A.oneB.everyC.thisD.yesterday8.A.heardB.listenedC.foundD.felt9.A.askedB.saidC.toldD.talked10.A.neverB.hardlyC.alwaysD.sometimes3. Averynew,youngofficerwasatastation.Hewasonhiswaytovisithismotherinanothertown,andhewantedtotelephonehertotellherthetimeofthistrain,sothatshecouldmeethimatthestationinhercarHelookinallhispockets,butroundthathedidnothavetherightmoneyforthetelephone,sohewentoutsideandlookedaroundforsomeonetohelphim.Atlastanoldsoldiercameby,andtheyoungofficerstoppedhimandsaid,“Haveyougotchange（零钱）fortenpence（便士）?”“Waitamoment,”theoldsoldieranswered.Hebegantoputhishandinhispock-et,“IllseewhetherIcanhelpyou.”“