SATOG4阅读真题解析-最新版.docx

SAT OG Test 4,Section21. To avoid being -, composer Stephen Sondheimstrives for an element of surprise in his songs.(A) erratic 古怪的漂泊不定的人(B)informal(C) elaborate(D) predictable(E) idiosyncratic特质的解析：D，作曲家史蒂芬为了避免作品过于通俗可见力求在他的作品中加入令人惊喜的元素。我们从后面的surprise可以看出前面是为了避免古语通俗。2. Because the pandas had already been weakened by disease and drought. a harsh winter would have had- consequences for them.(A) preventive (B) regressive 退化的(C) catastrophic灾难性的(D) unforeseen 未预见的(E) moderate解析：C，由于大熊猫已经受到疾病和干旱的袭击，如果要再经历一个严冬会给他们带来一长灾难性的结果。3.For many of the villagers, marriage was a practical. one not necessarily - of love but nevertheless grounded largely in economic advantage.A) arrangement . devoid安排， 缺乏(B) entertainment . disparaging娱乐，蔑视(C) attitude . consisting(D) bargain . worhy(E) misfortune . trusting解析：A，对于一些村民来说，婚姻是一个更为实际的计划，一个婚姻并不是缺乏爱然而一定要有一定的经济优势。4.Maggie is a procrastinator, naturally inclined to -and to . discussions.(A) meddle . scoff at管闲事，藐视(B) temporize . prolong拖延，延长(C) misbehave . . disrupt行为不礼貌，打扰(D) sneer . terminate嘲笑，终止(E) withdraw . intrude in撤退，闯入解析：B，马吉是一个有拖延症的人，经常会延长我们讨论的时间。5. Just as glass windows offer buildings both light and insulation. certain atmospheric gases . incoming sunlight and . heat radiated from the ground. preventing warmth from escaping.(A) conduct . release管理，释放(B) deflect . transmit专项，传播(C) admit . contain容许，含有(D) absorb . dispense吸收，分发(E) resist . trap解析：C就像建筑物上的玻璃既透明又绝缘，可以容许一些来自太阳的大气气体进入并保持来自地面的热量，不必流失热量。6. The speaker.praised for her style yet ridiculed for her vacuity. often moved naive listeners with -alone and led them to believe that her speech had -.A) reason . dalliance原因，嬉戏(B) infelicity . conviction不幸，定罪(C) rhetoric . substance华丽的辞藻，主旨(D) pragmatism . futility实用主义，无用(E) boorishness . integrity粗鲁的，正直的解析：C，这个演讲者，他的风格值得表扬但是他的内容空白，经常用一些华丽的辞藻打动听众，只能让他们相信他的演讲有内容。后面半句可以看出只能打动那些天真的听众，vacuity就与后面的是相反的意思。7. The actor was noted for his -behavior: he quickly became irritated if his every whim was not immediately satisfied.(A) fastidious挑剔的(B) sedulous勤勉的(C) vindictive怀恨的(D) petulant暴躁的(E) mercenary唯利是图者解析：演员指出了他的举止很随意：如果他的每一个想法没有得到满足他很快就会发怒。我们从后半句可以看他的脾气很暴躁，所以前面对应的是D暴躁的。8. Hayley Millss films have been called -. Although most of them are not so sentimental as to deserve that description.(A) treacly甜蜜的 (B) cursory粗略的 (C) prosaic平凡的，乏味的(D) meticulous一丝不苟的小心翼翼的 (E) consecrated神圣的解析：A，海利的电影通常是-，尽管大部分并不伤感配不上这样的描述。后面的sentimental可以看出是细腻的感情电影，although表示转折。Questions 9-10 are based on the following passage.That nineteenth-century French novelist Honorede Ballae could be financially wise in his fiction whilelosing all his money in life was an irony duplicated inother matters. For instance, the vcry women who had5 been drawn to him by the penetrating intuition ofthe female heart that he showed in his. novels wereappalled to discover how insensitive and awkward thereal man could be. It seems the true source of creationfor Balzac was not sensitivity but imugillaliOlI. Balzacs10 fiction originally sprang from an intui tion be first discoveredas a wretched little school boy locked in a darkcloset of his boarding school: life is a prison. and onlyimagination can open its doors.文章大意：19世纪法国小说家巴尔扎克在他的小说方面很有经济头脑而具有讽刺性的是在现实生活中却非常麻木，他的创作铃铎多来自与想象，而不是敏感。长难词：duplicate复制品 appall 震惊intuition直觉 wretch可怜的人9. The example in lines 4-8 primarily suggest that(A) Balzacs work wa not especially popularamong female readers(B) Bulzac could not write convincingly abouifinancial matters(C) Balzacs insights into character were notevident in his everyday life(D) people who knew Balzac personally couldnot respect him as an anist(E) readers had unreasonable expectationsof Balzac lhe man解析：C，我们看4-8行那些曾经被他作品里细腻的描述所吸引的女性非常震惊的发现他在现实生活中非常麻木和迟钝的。所以巴尔扎克对于人物的描写不是来自平时的生活中。10. 10. The author mentions Balzacs experience asa schoolboy in order to(A) explain why Balzac was unable to conducthis financial affairs properly(B) point out a possible source of Balzucspowerful imagination(C) exonerate the boarding school for Balzacslackluster performance(D) foster the impression that Balzac was anunru ly student(E) depict the conditions of boarding schoollife during Balzacs youth解析：B，我们找到这一句“Balzacs10 fiction originally sprang from an intui tion be first discovered as a wretched little school boy locked in a darkcloset”，我们可以看出巴尔扎克最初的灵感来源是那个被锁在壁橱的可怜的小男孩，这里就是强调他的灵感来源。Dr. Jane Wright insisted in Imer years thm herfather. surgeon Louis Wright, never pressured herto study medicine: indeed he warned her how hardbecoming a doctor would be. His very fame, within5 and beyond the African American community, madeher training harder in some ways. His being so goodreally makes it very difficult: Wright tuld an interviewersoon after she graduated from medical schoolin 1945. Everyone knows who Papa is.文章大意：主要描述莱特.简医生在学医生涯中父亲所充当的角色，没有严格的要求他去从医，而是告诉他这条路会非常艰难，而事实证明在父亲的影响下他的确付出了很大的努力。11. The passage suggests that Jane Wrights medicaltraining was made more difficult because(A) her father warned her not to study medicine(B) her falher flaunted his success(C) she did not spend adequate time studying(D) she shared her fathers desire for fame(E)she was inevitably compared to her father解析：E，整篇文章考察的是父亲在她从医的过程中所带来的影响，因为父亲是美国黑人区非常著名的医生，所以必定会与他作对比，学医的路就会变的更艰难。12. The passage is primarily concerned with Jane Wrights(A) views of the medical profession(B) childhood recollections(C) perception of her father as a role model(D) reluctance 10 collaborate with her father(E) gratitude for her fathers encouragement解析：C，这篇文章主要讲的是莱特.简的父亲在他学医过程中所充当的角色，所给与他的指引。可以采用排除法其他四项在文中都没有提到。Passage IIn nineteenthcentury England. middle-class womenwere usually assigned domestic roles and faced severelylimited professional career options. or course, one canpoint to Englands monarch. Queen Victoria, as a famous5 example of a woman at work. and millions of working classwomen worked for wages in factories and privatehomes. on farms, and in stores and markets. But aristocratswere often exempt from societal strictures that bound themiddle class. and working-class women were usually10 looked down on as not being respectable for their effortsas workers. As the nineteenth century progressed. it wasassumed that a woman engaged in business was a womanwithout either her own inheritance or a man to support her.Middle-class women already shared with upper-middle-15 class men the societal stumbling blocks to active pursuitof business. which included the feeling that labor wasdemeaning and not suitable for those with aspirations togentility. But unlike a man, whose self-worth rose throughhis economic exertions. a woman who did likewise risked10 opprobrium for herself and possibly shame for those aroundher. Inequality in the working world made it exceedinglydifficult for a middle-class women to support herself on herown. let alone support dependents. Thus. at a time whenoccupation was becoming a core element in masculine25 identity. any position for middle-class women other than inrelation to men was considered anomalous. In the 1851census. the Registrar General introduced a new fifth classof workers. exclusively made up of women:The fifth class comprises large numbers of the population30 that have no occupation: but it requires no argument toprove that the wife. die mother, the mistress of anEnglish family-fills offices and discharges duties ofno ordinary importance: or that children are or shouldbe occupied in filial or household duties. and in the task35 of education, either at home or at school.This conception of women had been developing over a longperiod. For example. in the late seventeenth century, tradetokens used by local shopkeepers and small masters infamily businesses carried the initials of the mans and the40 womans first names and the couples surname. but by thelate eighteenth century. only the initials of the maleproprietor were retained. This serves to confirm the view ofone Victorian man. born in 1790. that whereas his motherhad confidently joined in the family auctioneering business,45 the increased division of the sexes had seen the withdrawalof women from business life.Marriage became. more than ever. the only career optionoffering economic prosperity for women: in business.women appear only as faint shadows behind the scenes.50 The absence of women in business and financial recordsmakes our knowledge of what middle-class women actuallydid and how they survived economically quite fragmentary.What we do know is that womens ability to surviveeconomically on their own became increasingly difficult in55 the course of the nineteenth century.Passage 2In the second half of the nineteenth century in England.under the rule of Queen Victoria, because of the long peaceand the increasing prosperity, more and more women foundthemselves able to travel to Europe unescorted. With the60 increase in travel came an increase in the number ofguidebooks, collections of travel hints, and diaries bytravelers-many of which were written by or directed towomen.Although nineteenth-century women traveled for a variety65 of reasons. ranging from a desire to do scientific researchto involvement in missionary work, undoubtedly a majorincentive was the desire to escape from domestic confinementand the social restrictions imposed on the Victorianfemale in Britain. As Dorothy Middleton observes, Travel70 was an individual gesture of the housebound, man-dominatedVictorian woman. The caged birds of theVictorian parlor found their wings and often took flight inother lands. In a less constrained environment they achievedphysical and psychological freedom and some measure of75 autonomy. In Celebrated Women Travelersofthe NineteenthCentury ( 1883), Davenport Adams comments: Fettered aswomen are in European countries by restraints, obligations,and responsibilities. which are too often arbitrary andartificial . it is natural enough that when the opportunity80 offers, they should hail even a temporary emancipationthrough trave1.By the latter part of the nineteenth century, womentravelers began to be singled out as exemplars of the newsocial and political freedom and prowess of women.85 Ironically, Mary Kingsley and other women travelers wereopposed to or simply uninterested in the late Victoriancampaigns 10 extend womens political rights. Thus, whenMary Kingsley returned from West Africa in 1895, she waschagrined to discover that she was being hailed as a new90 woman because of her travels. Despite her often outspokendistaste for the new women agitating for greaterfreedom. the travel books that she and others had writtenstill suggested. as Paul Fussell has argued. an implicitcelebration of freedom.文章大意：长难词：stricture 狭窄stumbling 障碍demean贬低 gentility有教养的 exertion 发挥努力masculine男性 anomalous异常的 census人口的 mistress女主人 filial 孝顺的proprietor业主 retain保持记住 auctioneer拍卖商 fragmentary 碎片的unescorted 没人陪同hint 暗示confinement限制 parlor客厅 constrain 驱使hail招呼 emancipation 释放chagrine悲伤的 agitate 摇动13. Lines 18-21 suggest that for Victorian middle-classwomen. self-worth and economic exertions were thought to be(Al mutually exclusive(B) constantly evolving(C) the two keys to success(D) essential to finding a husband(E) easy to achieve解析：A，文章提到“But unlike a man, whose self-worth rose throughhis economic exertions. a woman who did likewise risked。”这句的意思是女人不能够像男人一样通过在商业上的努力实现自我价值这样会招致蔑视。14. 14. In line 24, occupation most nearly means(A) military conquest(B) pleasant diversion(C) vocation(D) settlement(El political repression解析：C，occupation在文章的意思是职业工作15. The author of Passage I considers trade tokens(lines 37-38) as evidence against the prevalence ofa fifth class in the seventeenth century because they(A) served as legal currency(B) were issued 10 both middle-class and workingclasswomen(C) helped neutralize gender stereotypes of the day(D) failed to identify women by their names andpositions(E) identified men and women as partners in business解析：E，这一段提到“in the late seventeenth century, tradetokens used by local shopkeepers and small masters infamily businesses carried the initials of the mans and the”这里说到使用贸易令牌证明男女在这里是商业伙伴，所以与17世纪的第五阶级实不符的。16. All of the following are referred to in Passage I as evidence of womcns diminished social status inVictorian England EXCEPT the(A) disparity between mens and womens careeropportunities(B) shame risked by women who wished to entercommerce(C) exclusion of womens initials from trade tokcns(D) influence of the queen(E) absence of financial records documentingwomens octivity解析：D，这里采用的是排除法，其他四项在文中都有提到，而D是女皇的影响文章中并没有提到。17, Which statement about British society, if true,would most directly support the view described in lines 42-46 ?(A) Seventeenth-century women workers could raisetheir status by assuming greater responsibilities.(B) Women wrote more novels in the early nineteenthcentury than they did in the early eighteenthcentury.(C) Women and girls worked in factories throughoutthe nineteenth century.(D) The practice of married couples jointly runningbusinesses died out in the early nineteenthcentury.(E) In the seventeenth century, formal academicinstitutions were closed to women.解析：D，42-46的观点是18世纪这种女性参与商业的现象已经快要消退，那么D说的就是夫妻共同经商的现象在19世纪初期已经消失了，所以支持了论点。18. In context, hail (line 80) most nearly means(A) call out to(B) gesture to(C) come from(D) welcome(E) summon解析：D，hail在这里的意思是欢迎。19. In Passage 2. Mary Kingsley s attitude towardwomens rights campaigns (lines 8590) suggests(A) a single-minded dedication to equality betweenthc sexes .(B) a way in which dedication to one cause can leadto antagonism toward another(C) a striking inconsistency between her identity asa British citizen and her identity as a woman(D) an understanding of the link between womensstruggle for freedom and the struggles of othergroups(E) a contradiction between her personal motives andthe way her actions are interpreted解析：E，这里描述的马莉。金斯利言语上反对旅行，而当他从非洲西部回来之后却发现已经被人们称之为新时代女性，所以在语言和行动上是矛盾的。20. According to Passage 2. nineteenth-century Britishwomen were motivated to travel by which of thefoUowing?I. Educational pursuitsII. Humanitarian concernsIII. Entrepreneurial interests(A) I only(8) III only(C) I and II only(D) I and III only(E) II and III only解析：C，这里女性出去旅行的动机是处于追求教育，人文关怀，这两点都有提到，但是企业利润没有提到。21. Which British traveler of the Victorian era would bestillustrate the argument made in Passage 2 ?(A) A middle-class woman who tours Greece andEgypt to examine ancient ruins.(B) An aristocratic woman who lives in the Asiancapital where her father is the Britishambassador.(C) A young woman and her husband, bothmissionaries. who relocate pennanenlly in adistant country.(D) A nursemaid who accompanies an aristocraticfamily to its new home in New York City.(E) A young girl from a poor family who is sent by relatives to make her fonune in Australia.解析：A，篇章2中提到女性出去旅行的动机有追求教育和人文关怀，而这里提到中产阶级的女性去希腊和埃及去查看文化遗迹就是其中的内容所以支持了观点。22. The fifth class (line 29) in Passage I is most likewhich group in Passage 2 ?(A) Women who worked as missionaries(B) The caged birds (line 71)(C) The new woman (lines 89-90)(D) Dorothy Middleton and Mary Kingsley(E) Davenport Adams and Paul Fussell解析：B，29行中写道那些第五产阶级的人是没有工作，没有任何意见的人，和篇章2中的笼中鸟是一个意思。23. Passage I and Passage 2 share a general tone of(A) affectionate nostalgia(B) analytical detachment(C) personal regret(D) righteous indignation(E) open hostility解析：B，这里考察考生对于文章整体的把握，一直采用的是很公正分析，A怀旧之情，C个人遗憾，D正义的愤怒的E公开的敌意，都没有表现出来。24. The information in Passage 1 supports which assumption about the women described in Passage 2 (A) They were discouraged from pursuing careers intheir native country.(B) They sought to establish new businesses inforeign countries.(C) They traveled with children and other familymembers.(D) Thcy were universally admired by British womenfrom every class of society.(E) They were committed advocates of social reform.解析：A，篇章1支持篇章2中的哪一个假设，篇章1一直陈述不支持女性工作，那么与2中的不支持在自己国家工作相符。Section51. Predictably, detail-oriented workers are - keepingtrack of the myriad particulars of a situation.(A) remiss in怠慢的 (B) adept at善于(C) humorous about 幽默的(D) hesitant about犹豫(E) contemptuous of轻蔑的解析：B，可想而知，工作细心的员工会-跟进场景中每一个特殊的细节。这里有单词detial-oriented可以看出善于查看细节。2. The controversial tax fueled a sustained -that could not be - by the Prime Ministers impassioned speeches.(A) rebellion . challenged反抗，挑战(B) interrogation . fortified疑问，加强(C) conflagration . fostered大火，培育(D) denial . restrained否认，抑制(E) uprising . quelled起义，平息解析：E，富有争议的税收问题点燃了一直-就连首相充满激情的演讲也不能-。由sustained可以知道这一直受到争议的问题，后面是有激情的演讲，所以应该前面是起义后面是镇压。3.Inbreeding can promote the expression of _ genes, those that make an animal subject to disease or impair reproductive efficiency.(A) ineffable adj. 不可言喻的(B) articulated adj. 清晰的，使相互连贯(C) consummate adj. 圆满的 v. 完成(D) presumptive adj. 假定的(E) deleterious adj. 有害的解析：E，近亲交配会增加基因，这样会使动物容易生病或音响繁殖效率。我们知道近亲交配一定是不好的，从选项就可以进行排除。4. The doctor _ so frequently on disease-prevention techniques that his colleagues accused him of _.(A) vacillated v. 摇摆，犹豫.inconsistency n. 不一致,易变(B) sermonized v. 说教.fidelity n. 忠诚(C) wavered v. 动摇，摇摆.steadfastness n. 坚定地，不动摇的(D) experimented v. 实验，尝试.inflexibility n. 顽固(E) relied v. 信任.negligence n. 疏忽解析：A，医生这么频