土木外文文献：混凝土加固.doc

英文原文：ConcretestructurereinforcementdesignSheyanboWangchenjiaAbstract：structureinthelong-termnaturalenvironmentandundertheuseenvironmentsfunction,itsfunctionisweakeninevitablygradually,ourstructuralengineeringsdutynotjustmustfinishthebuildingearlierperiodtheprojectwork,butmustbeablethescienceappraisalstructuredamageobjectivelawandthedegree,andadoptstheeffectivemethodguaranteestructurethesecurityuse,thatthestructurereinforcementwillbecomeanimportantwork.Whatmayforeseewillbethe21stcentury,thehumanbuildingalsobytheconcretestructure,thesteelstructure,thebricking-upstructureandsoonprimarily,thepresentstageIwillthinkusinthestructurereinforcementthisaspectresearchshouldalsotakethisasthemainbreakthroughdirection.Keyword：Concretestructurereinforcementbricking-upstructurereinforcementsteelstructurereinforcement1ConcretestructurereinforcementConcretestructuresreinforcementdividesintothedirectreinforcementandreinforcestwokindsindirectly,whenthedesignmayactaccordingtotheactualconditionandtheoperationrequirementschoicebeingsuitablemethodandthenecessarytechnology.1.1 thedirectreinforcementsgeneralmethod1）EnlargesthesectionreinforcementlawAddstheconcretescast-in-placelevelinthereinforcedconcretememberinbendingcompressionzone,mayincreasethesectioneffectiveheight,theexpansioncrosssectionalarea,thusenhancesthecomponentrightsectionanti-curved,theobliquesectionanti-cutsabilityandthesectionrigidity,playsthereinforcementreinforcementtherole.Inthesuitablemusclescope,theconcreteschangecurvedthecomponentrightsectionsupportingcapacityincreasealongwiththeareaofreinforcementandtheintensityenhance.Intheoriginalcomponentrightsectionratioofreinforcementnottoohighsituation,increasesthemainreinforcementareatobepossibletoproposetheplateaucomponentrightsectionanti-curvedsupportingcapacityeffectively.Ispulledinthesectiontheareatoaddthecast-in-placeconcretejackettoincreasethecomponentsection,throughnewCanadapartialandoriginalcomponentjointwork,butenhancesthecomponentsupportingcapacityeffectively,improvementnormaloperationalperformance.Enlargesthesectionreinforcementlawconstructioncraftsimply,compatible,andhasthematuredesignandtheconstructionexperience;IssuitableinLiang,theboard,thecolumn,thewallandthegeneralstructureconcretesreinforcement;Butsceneconstructionswetoperatingtimeislong,toproduceshascertaininfluencewiththelife,andafterreinforcingthebuildingclearancehascertainreduction.2)ReplacementconcretesreinforcementlawThislawsmeritwithenlargesthemethodofsectionstobeclose,andafterreinforcing,doesnotaffectbuildingsclearance,butsimilarexistenceconstructionwetoperatingtimelongshortcoming;IssuitablesomewhatloworhasconcretescarriersandsoonseriousdefectLiang,columninthecompressionzoneconcretesintensityreinforcement.3)thecakingoutsourcingsectionreinforcementlawOutsidetheBaotouSteelFactoryreinforcementiswrapsinthesectionorthesteelplateisreinforcedcomponentsoutside,outsidetheBaotouSteelFactoryreinforcesreinforcedconcreteLiangtousethewetoutsourcinglawgenerally,namelyusestheepoxyresinificationtobeinthemilkandsoonmethodswithtoreinforcethesectiontheconstructioncommissiontocakeawhole,afterthereinforcementcomponent,becauseispulledwiththecompressedsteelcrosssectionalarealargescaleenhancement,thereforerightsectionsupportingcapacityandsectionrigiditylargescaleenhancement.ThislawalsosaidthatthewetoutsideBaotouSteelFactoryreinforcementlaw,thestressisreliable,theconstructionissimple,thesceneworkloadissmall,butisbigwiththesteelquantity,andusesinabovenotsuitably600Cinthenon-protectionssituationthehightemperatureplace;Issuitabledoesnotallowintheuseobviouslytoincreasetheoriginalcomponentsectionsize,butrequeststosharpenitsbearingcapacitylargescaletheconcretestructurereinforcement.4)SticksthesteelreinforcementlawOutsidethereinforcedconcretememberinbendingsticksthesteelreinforcementis(rightsectionispulledinthecomponentsupportingcapacityinsufficientsectorarea,rightsectioncompressionzoneorobliquesection)thesuperficialgluesteelplate,likethismayenhanceisreinforcedcomponentssupportingcapacity,andconstructsconveniently.Thislawconstructionisfast,thescenenotwetworkoronlyhastheplasteringandsoonfewwetworks,toproducesissmallwiththelifeinfluence,andafterreinforcing,isnotremarkabletotheoriginalstructureoutwardappearanceandtheoriginalclearanceaffects,butthereinforcementeffectisdecidedtoagreatextentbythegummycraftandtheoperationallevel;Issuitableinthewithstandingstaticfunction,andisinthenormalhumidityenvironmenttobendorthetensionmemberreinforcement.5)GluefibrereinforcementplasticreinforcementlawOutsidepastesthetextilefiberreinforcementispasteswiththecementingmaterialthefibrereinforcementcompoundmaterialsinisreinforcedthecomponenttopulltheregion,causesitwithtoreinforcethesectionjointwork,achievessharpensthecomponentbearingcapacitythegoal.Besideshasgluesthesteelplatesimilarmerit,butalsohasanticorrosivemuddy,bearsmoistly,doesnotincreasetheself-weightofstructurenearly,durably,themaintenancecostlowstatusmerit,butneedsspecialfireprotectionprocessing,issuitableineachkindofstressnatureconcretestructurecomponentandthegeneralconstruction.Thislawsgoodandbadpointswithenlargethemethodofsectionstobeclose;Issuitablereinforcementwhichisinsufficientintheconcretestructurecomponentobliquesectionsupportingcapacity,ormustexertthecrosswisebindingforcetothecompressionalmemberthesituation.6)ReelinglawThislawsgoodandbadpointswithenlargethemethodofsectionstobeclose;Issuitablereinforcementwhichisinsufficientintheconcretestructurecomponentobliquesectionsupportingcapacity,ormustexertthecrosswisebindingforcetothecompressionalmemberthesituation.7)FangboltanchorlawThislawissuitableintheconcretesintensityrankistheC20C60concretesload-bearingmembertransformation,thereinforcement;Itisnotsuitableforalreadytheabovestructurewhichandthelightqualitystructuremakesdecentseriously.1.2Theindirectreinforcementsgeneralmethod1)Pre-stressedreinforcementlaw(1)Thepre-stressedhorizontaltensionbarreinforcesconcretesmemberinbending,becausethepre-stressedandincreasestheexteriorloadthecombinedaction,inthetensionbarhastheaxialtension,thisstrengtheccentrictransmitsonthecomponentthroughthepoleendanchor(,whentensionbarandLiangboardbottomsurfaceclosefitting,tensionbarcanlookfortunetogetherwithcomponent,thisfashionhaspartialpressurestotransmitdirectlyforcomponentbottomsurface),hastheeccentriccompressionfunctioninthecomponent,thisfunctionhasovercomethebendingmomentwhichoutsidetheparttheloadproduces,reducedoutsidetheloadeffect,thussharpenedcomponentsanti-curvedability.Atthesametime,becausethetensionbarpassestocomponentspressurefunction,thecomponentcrackdevelopmentcanalleviate,thecontrol,theobliquesectionanti-tocutthesupportingcapacityalsoalongwithitenhancement.Asaresultofthehorizontalliftingstemsfunction,theoriginalcomponentssectionstresscharacteristicbyreceivedbendsturnedtheeccentriccompression,therefore,afterthereinforcement,componentssupportingcapacitywasmainlydecidedinbendsundertheconditiontheoriginalcomponentssupportingcapacity。(2)Afterthereinforcedconcretecomponentusesunderthepre-stressedtoOutsidepastesthetextilefiberreinforcementispasteswiththecementingmaterialthefibrereinforcementcompoundmaterialsinisreinforcedthecomponenttopulltheregion,causesitwithtoreinforcethesectionjointwork,achievessharpensthecomponentbearingcapacitythegoal.Besideshasgluesthesteelplatesimilarmerit,butalsohasanticorrosivemuddy,bearsmoistly,doesnotincreasetheself-weightofstructurenearly,durably,themaintenancecostlowstatusmerit,butneedsspecialfireprotectionprocessing,issuitableineachkindofstressnatureconcretestructurecomponentandthegeneralconstruction.Thislawsgoodandbadpointswithenlargethemethodofsectionstobeclose;Issuitablereinforcementwhichisinsufficientintheconcretestructurecomponentobliquesectionsupportingcapacity,ormustexertthecrosswisebindingforcetothecompressionalmemberthesituation.6)ReelinglawThislawsgoodandbadpointswithenlargethemethodofsectionstobeclose;Issuitablereinforcementwhichisinsufficientintheconcretestructurecomponentobliquesectionsupportingcapacity,ormustexertthecrosswisebindingforcetothecompressionalmemberthesituation.7)FangboltanchorlawThislawissuitableintheconcretesintensityrankistheC20C60concretesload-bearingmembertransformation,thereinforcement;Itisnotsuitableforalreadytheabovestructurewhichandthelightqualitystructuremakesdecentseriously.1.2Theindirectreinforcementsgeneralmethod1)Pre-stressedreinforcementlaw(1)Thepre-stressedhorizontaltensionbarreinforcesconcretesmemberinbending,becausethepre-stressedandincreasestheexteriorloadthecombinedaction,inthetensionbarhastheaxialtension,thisstrengtheccentrictransmitsonthecomponentthroughthepoleendanchor(,whentensionbarandLiangboardbottomsurfaceclosefitting,tensionbarcanlookfortunetogetherwithcomponent,thisfashionhaspartialpressurestotransmitdirectlyforcomponentbottomsurface),hastheeccentriccompressionfunctioninthecomponent,thisfunctionhasovercomethebendingmomentwhichoutsidetheparttheloadproduces,reducedoutsidetheloadeffect,thussharpenedcomponentsanti-curvedability.Atthesametime,becausethetensionbarpassestocomponentspressurefunction,thecomponentcrackdevelopmentcanalleviate,thecontrol,theobliquesectionanti-tocutthesupportingcapacityalsoalongwithitenhancement.Asaresultofthehorizontalliftingstemsfunction,theoriginalcomponentssectionstresscharacteristicbyreceivedbendsturnedtheeccentriccompression,therefore,afterthereinforcement,componentssupportingcapacitywasmainlydecidedinbendsundertheconditiontheoriginalcomponentssupportingcapacity。(2)Afterthereinforcedconcretecomponentusesunderthepre-stressedto supportthetypetensionbarreinforcementdecides,formsonebytoreinforcethecomponentandundersupportsthecompoundultrastaticallydeterminatestructuresystemwhichthetypetensionbariscomposed,undertheoutsideloadandthepre-stressedcombinedaction,inthetensionbarhastheaxialforceandthrough(nextsupportsandpoleendanchorspot)withcomponentscombiningsitetransmitsforisreinforcedthecomponent,hascounter-balancedoutsidetheparttheload,changedtheoriginalcomponentsectionendogenicforcecharacteristic,thussharpenedcomponentsbearingcapacity.Thislawcanreduceisreinforcedcomponentsstresslevel,notonlycausesthereinforcementeffecttobegood,moreovercanalsothegreatscopeenhancethestructureoverallsupportingcapacity,butafterreinforcing,hascertaininfluencetotheoriginalstructureoutwardappearance;Issuitableaswellasisunderthehighstress,thehighstrainedconditionconcretescomponentsreinforcementinthegreatspanortheheavystructurereinforcement,butinthenon-protectionssituation,cannotuseinthetemperatureabove600Cintheenvironment,isalsonotsuitableusesintheconcreteshrinkagecontinuousvariationbigstructure.2)IncreasesthesupportingreinforcementlawTheadditionpivotreinforcementlawisthroughthereducedmemberinbendingeffectivespan,achievesthereducedfunction,inisreinforcedonthecomponenttocarrytheeffect,raisesthestructureloadbearinglevelthegoal.Thislawsimplereliable,buteasytoharmbuildingsoriginalconditionandtheusefunction,possiblyandreducesusesthespace;Issuitableintheconcretetermpermissionconcretestructurereinforcement.1.3Hasgenerallywiththeconcretestructurereinforcementtransformationnecessaryusestechnology1)TherequesttradesthetechnologyItisthejoist(eithertruss)opensthecolumn(orwall),thejoistterminalandthejoisttradestechnologiesandsooncolumntocallgenerally;Belongstoonekindofcomprehensivetechnology,bytherelatedstructurereinforcement,thesuperstructuregoesagainstriseswithtorepositionaswellasabandonstechnologiesandsooncomponentdemolitiontobecomposed;Issuitableinhadbuildingsreinforcementtransformation;Compareswiththetraditionalpractices,hastheconstructiontimetobeshort,theexpenselow,affectsandsoonmeritsslightlytothelifeandtheproduction,butishightothespecification,mustcompletebytheskilledworker,canensurethesecurity.2）PlantsthemuscletechnologyItisoneitemissimpleanddirecttotheconcretestructure,theeffectiveconnectionandtheanchortechnology;Mayimplanttheordinarysteelbar,mayalso implantthebolttypeanchormuscle;Haswidelyappliedinhadbuildingsreinforcementimprovementproject,forexample:Intheconstructionleaksburiesthesteelbarorthesteelbardeviationdesignsthepositiontherecovery,thecomponentincreasesthesectionreinforcementtomakeupthemuscle,thesuperstructureexpandscross,goesagainstrisestoLiang,columnslengtheningbyjoining,thehousesuperimposedlayerterminalandthehigh-riseconstructionadditionshearingforcewallplantsthemuscleandsoon.3）CrackpatchingtechnologyAccordingtotheconcretescrackscause,thecharacterandthesize,usesealdifferentlyprotectthemethodtocarryonpatching,onekindofskillwhichcausesthestructurebecausetocrackreducestheusefunctionwhichandthedurabilitycanrestore;Issuitableinhadinthebuildingeachkindofcrackprocessing,buttothestresscrack,besidespatching,stillshouldusethecorrespondingreinforcementmeasure.Theinternalpatchinglawiswiththeforcingpumpthecementingmaterialpressureconcretescrack,renderstheyoungorupandcominggenerationtosewupthefunction,andmakestheoriginalstructurethroughitscementationtorestoretheintegrity,thismethodissuitableforthecrackopeningisbig,anddurableandsoonisinfluentialtothestructureintegrityandthesecurity,orhasrequestandsoonwaterproofanti-seepagecrackpatching.4）CarbonizedconcretesrepairtechnologyItisreferstothroughrestorestheconcretesthealkalinity(inactivation)orincreasesitsimpedancetoenablethesteelbarcorrosionwhichthecarbonizationcreatestoobtainthecontainmenttechnology.5）ConcretessurfacetreatmenttechnologyItisreferstousescleaningupconcretessurfacestains,theoilmark,theresidualaswellastheotherattachmentandsoonchemistrymethod,mechanicalmethod,sandblastingmethod,vacuumcleaningmethod,injectionmethodskill.6）CoagulationmantleofsoilsealtechnologyItisreferstousesflexiblemethodsandsoonaquasealbackfill,polymergrouting,paintfilmtocarryonthewaterproofingtotheconcretes,moisture-proofandagainstcrackprocessingtechnology.Likethestructure,thecomponentshiftthetechnology,theadjustmentstructurebasefrequencytechnologyandsoon.7）OthertechnologiesLikethestructure,thecomponentshiftthetechnology,theadjustmentstructurebasefrequencytechnologyandsoon.2Bricking-upstructureBricking-upstructurereinforcementmethod:Thebricking-upstructuresreinforcementdividesintowhenthedirectreinforcementandreinforcestwokinds indirectly,thedesign,mayactaccordingtotheactualconditionandtheoperationrequirementschoicebeingsuitablemethod.2.1suitableforthebricking-upstructuredirectreinforcementmethod1)outsidereinforcedconcretesuperimposedlayerreinforcementlawThislawbelongstothecompoundsectionreinforcementmethodonekind.Itsmeritistheconstructioncraftsimple,compatible,afterthebricking-upreinforcement,thesupportingcapacityhasenhancesgreatly,andhasthematuredesignandtheconstructionexperience;Issuitableinthecolumn,thebeltwallwallreinforcement;Itsshortcomingisthesceneconstructionwetoperatingtimeislong,toproduceshascertaininfluencewiththelife,andafterreinforcingthebuildingclearancehascertainreduction.2)outsidereinforcedconcretemortarsuperimposedlayerreinforcementlawThislawbelongstothecompoundsectionreinforcementmethodonekind.Itsmeritandoutsidethereinforcedconcretethesuperimposedlayerreinforcementlawisclose,butenhancesthesupportingcapacitytobeinferiortotheformer;Issuitableinthebricking-upwallreinforcement,sometimesalsousesinoutsidethereinforcedconcretewhenthesuperimposedlayerreinforcementbelt