油田开发规划的合理编制问题.doc

A：油田开发规划的合理编制问题编制油田开发规划是油田开发的核心问题，它是确定在一个时期内（三年、五年、十年等等）油田开发生产的战略决策和具体部署，直接影响到油田的开发效果和开发效益的好坏，这就要求所编制的油田开发规划要具有科学性、合理性和可行性。油田为了实现规划期（五年）的各项规划指标（主要包括产油量、综合含水及费用三项指标），首先要计算在规划初期老井（规划期之前实施的增产措施）的各项指标在规划期的五年内的预测值。与此同时，要想完成规划指标，就要采取大量的增产措施。编制油田开发规划方案，就是在满足油田最大生产能力的前提下，制定出采取各种增产措施的数量，使得尽可能达到规划指标。下面是某油田的一个油区编制“十一五”开发规划的相关信息。井网类型包括：“七五”期间开发的油井（简称“七五”井）、“八五”井、“九五”井以及“十五”井四种。该油区各类井网在近几年的产油量、产水量（万吨）如表1、表2所示。表1 各类井网在近几年的产油量（万吨）年份产油量类型199719981999200020012002200320042005“七五”井500.6442.4428.6370.1343.1“八五”井354.7318.0280.7246.6229.0“九五”井197.4297.7412.8547.0579.8547.5527.0492.3437.0“十五”井72.3218.2297.1416.1508.7表2 各类井网在近几年的产水量（万吨）年份产水量类型199719981999200020012002200320042005“七五”井3198.52976.32929.52561.62330.3“八五”井252.5322.2439.9494.8587.7636.6653.1671.2670.1“九五”井104.9260.6542.7799.0941.51050.21147.21319.71364.3“十五”井84.4297.8354.4612.5964.3在“十一五”规划期内，各类井网的年总费用（万元）预测值如表3。表3 “十一五”期间各类井网的年总费用（万元）预测值 年份20062007200820092010费用1686120477608518011485014该油区在“十一五”期间的各项规划参考指标见表4。表4 “十一五”期间的各项规划参考指标年份20062007200820092010产油量下限（万吨）15001490148514501423产水量上限（万吨）57065843615263136720费用上限（万元）86580119100171980196132199321假设该油区有7种增产措施，在“十一五”期间，每种增产措施的工作量上限见表5。表5 规划期内增产措施的工作量上限措施1234567上限(井口)426390430374445534476在规划期内，每种增产措施的单井年产油量（万吨）、产水量（万吨）及费用（万元）是随着年份的不同而变换的，具体数据见表6表8。表6 2006年的新增措施在20062010年的单井年产油量（万吨）年份产油量措施2006200720082009201010.08200.21600.26790.23040.198120.07200.09600.14790.10040.088130.06500.08600.16700.13440.097640.05400.08620.15090.12280.100650.03800.07600.09790.07040.058160.05700.08200.10090.08280.068670.04500.07500.10740.08930.0551规划期内其它年份新增措施在以后各年单井产油量的变化规律与表6相同。表7 2006年的新增措施在20062010年的单井年产水量（万吨）年份产水量措施2006200720082009201010.07200.21200.37500.56660.758520.06300.18800.20500.40860.678530.05700.12800.31200.57660.784640.05000.17600.37880.49860.643850.03200.17900.21310.42530.665360.04420.12620.20450.35840.474470.06750.17750.31960.56350.7874规划期内其它年份新增措施在以后各年单井产水量的变化规律与表7相同。表8 2006年的新增措施在20062010年的单井年费用（万元）年份费用措施200620072008200920101128.1000107.000072.250056.550044.7000278.100060.000052.250039.550030.7000364.100051.000042.250033.550021.7000443.000031.050022.200017.050013.1500558.100049.000037.250030.550024.7000636.900030.750023.700017.300012.0000750.500043.800035.700027.350022.0500规划期内其它年份新增措施在以后各年单井费用的变化规律与表8相同。另外，在制定规划方案时要尽可能做到均衡安排各项增产措施，实现科学开采、持续发展。（1）试根据以上数据，为该油区提高科学、合理的“十一五”开发规划方案；（2）对不同方案进行比较，说明其优、缺点以及适用性。B 化验结果的处理人们到医院就诊时，通常要化验一些指标来协助医生的诊断。诊断就诊人员是否患肾炎时通常要化验人体内各种元素含量。表B.1是确诊病例的化验结果，其中130号病例是已经确诊为肾炎病人的化验结果；3160号病例是已经确定为健康人的结果。表B.2是就诊人员的化验结果。我们的问题是：1. 根据表B.1中的数据，提出一种或多种简便的判别方法，判别属于患者或健康人的方法，并检验你提出方法的正确性。2. 按照1提出的方法，判断表B.2中的30名就诊人员的化验结果进行判别，判定他（她）们是肾炎病人还是健康人。3. 能否根据表B.1的数据特征，确定哪些指标是影响人们患肾炎的关键或主要因素，以便减少化验的指标。4. 根据3的结果，重复2的工作。5. 对2和4的结果作进一步的分析。表B.1 确诊病例的化验结果病例号ZnCuFeCaMgKNa116615.824.5700112179513218515.731.570112518442731939.8025.9541163128642415914.239.789699.2239726522616.223.860615270.321861719.299.2930718745.5257720113.326.655110149.4141814714.530.065910215468091728.857.8655175.798.43181015611.532.56391071035521113215.917.757892.4131413721218211.311.3767111264672131869.2637.195823373.0347141628.2327.162510862.4465151506.6321.06271401796391615910.711.761219098.53901711716.17.0498895.51365721818110.14.0414371841015421914620.723.8123212815010922042.310.39.7062993.74398882128.212.453.137044.14548522215413.853.36211051607232317912.217.9113915045.22182413.53.3616.813532.651.6182251755.8424.980712355.61262611315.847.362653.61686272750.511.66.3060858.958.91392878.614.69.7042170.81334642990.03.278.1762252.37708523017828.832.499211270.21693121319.136.2222024940.01683217013.929.8128522647.93303316213.219.8152116636.21333420313.090.8154416298.903943516713.114.1227821246.31343616412.918.6299319736.394.53716715.027.0205626064.62373815814.437.0102510144.672.53913322.831.016334011808994015613532267471090228810411698.00308106899.153.02894224717.38.65255424177.9373431668.1062.81233252134649442096.4386.9215728874.0219451826.4961.738704321433674623515.623.4180616668.81884717319.117.0249729565.82874815119.764.220314031828744919165.435.053613921376885022324.486.0360335397.74795122120.115531723681507395221725.028.223433731104945316422.235.52212281153549541738.9936.016242161032575520218.617.7378522531.067.35618217.324.8307324650.71095721124.017.0383642873.53515824621.593.2211235471.71955916416.138.0213515264.32406017921.035.0156022647.9330表B.2 就诊人员的化验结果病例号ZnCuFeCaMgKNa6158.25.4229.7323138179513621061.8740.5542177184427631520.8012.513321761286466485.51.703.9950362.3238762.6651440.7015.154779.771.0218.56685.71.094.279017045.8257.9671440.309.1141755249.5141.5681704.169.32943260155680.8691760.5727.331813399.4318.8701927.0632.91969343103553711888.2822.6120823113141372721535.8734.8328163264672.5731432.8415.726512373.0347.57421319.136.2222024962.0465.87519220.123.8160615640.01687617110.530.567214547.0330.57716213.219.8152116636.21337820313.090.8154416298.9394.57916420.128.9106216147.3134.58016713.114.1227821236.596.58116412.918.6299319765.5237.