Unit 3 (2) 教学设计.doc

Unit 3 Looking good, feeling good (2) 教学设计I. 词语辨析1. cause / make：使得 cause：常用句型：cause sb. to do sth. e.g. What caused you to change your mind？The interesting film caused the students to laugh a lot. make：常用句型：make sb. do sth. e.g. The sad story made the children cry. 注：get sb. to do sth.：让某人做某事 e.g. Ill get her to help you.2. some time / sometime / some times / sometimes some time：一段时间 e.g. I stayed in London for some time. sometime：某时 e.g. I will come to see you sometime next month. some times：几次 e.g. She has seen the film some times. sometimes：有时候 e.g. Sometimes they would eat in a restaurant.3. every day / everyday every day：每天，作时间状语用。 e.g. We played basketball every day in the summer holidays. everyday：= daily每天的、日常的 e.g. How is your everyday life？ Do you use everyday English at school？II. 重点词语和句型1. recognize：vt. 认出、辨出；承认、确认 e.g. I recognize her voice the moment I heard it. No one will recognize his mistakes at first. We recognize that we are wrong in this point. recognition：n. beyond / out of (all) recognition：变得使人认不出e.g. His work received our recognition.2. risk： vt. 冒险 risk (doing) sth. e.g. risk ones life / fortune / the punishment / losing ones life / getting caught in the rain n. 危险、风险 e.g. at ones own risk：自担风险； at risk处于危险之中； at the risk of：冒的危险； run / take / face the risk of doing sth.：冒的危险 He saved the little boy at the risk of losing a leg. Dont run the risk of losing your job. 3.count：vt. 1) 计数： e.g. Can you count numbers？ I can count from 1 to 100 without a mistake. 2) 计算在内、包括e.g. The cost is 25 dollars， not counting tips. 3) 重要的、有价值的e.g. Time is limited. Every minute counts. She doesnt count in our class. counter：柜台、帐台4. relax：vi. / vt. 放松、使轻松 e.g. Please lie down and relax. Soft music will relax me.The boy relaxed his muscles. relaxation：放松、松弛 e.g. What you need is more relaxation. relaxing：平稳温和的、使人懒洋洋的 e.g. What relaxing weather it is！5. concentrate：vt. 专心、致力于 concentrate on/upon e.g. Youd better concentrate your attention on your studies. We must concentrate all our efforts upon our work. vi. 集中 = gather e.g. The crowds concentrated in on the square. concentration：集中精力 e.g. Doing this fine work needs concentration.6. loss：n.损失、丧失 suffer a loss (of)：遭受损失 make up a loss：弥补损失； at a loss：不知所措 e.g. The village suffered a loss of ten million dollars as a result of the flood. Hearing the sudden news， the man was at a loss.7. in no time：立刻、马上 = soon e.g. The man returned home in no time. time的词组有：ahead of time = before schedule：提前； all the time：一直； any time：随时为您效劳； at all times：老是； at any time：随时； at a time：一次、同时； at one time：一度、一次； at the same time：与此同时； at times：有时、偶然； for a time：一时； for the time being：暂时； from time to time：偶尔； gain time(钟表)走时快； have a good time：过得愉快； in time及时； on time：准时； keep good time：(钟表)走时准； kill time：消磨时间； many a time = many times； take ones time：慢慢来 8. So do sb. ：某人也如此(指前面一个人的情况也适用于后一个人) e.g. She is a good student. So is he. They often go to school by bike. So do we. So sb. do ：某人确实如此。(指某人符合前面所讲的情况) e.g. He is from Australia. So he is She gets up early every day. So she does.Sb. do so：某人按(别人的)要求去做了 e.g. I asked him to help me， and he did so.注：1)So do sb. (某人也如此) 这一结构只用于肯定形式。如果是否定形式，必须用 Neither / Nor do sb. e.g. He isnt a good football player. Nor am I. We dont know how to do it. Neither do they. 2)假如一个句子中既有肯定式，又有否定式，或既用be动词，又用行为动词，我们用：So it is with sb. / It is the same with sb. 来表示：某人也如此。 e.g. He is a good student and he studies hard. It is the same with her. He is a student but he isnt a good student. So it is with you.9. give up：戒除、放弃 e.g. Youd better give up smoking， for it is bad for your health. give的其它词组：give in：屈服、让步： e.g. I finally gave up to her and let her see the film. give away：送掉、泄露： e.g. They gave away their old furniture before they left. give off：发出： e.g. The red rose gives off a pleasant smell.give out：分发、发出(声、光、气味) e.g. This device will give out warning flashes at night. Given .：考虑到 e.g. Given his age， he did a good job after all.10. fit：(unfit) adj. 合适的、得当的；健康的 a fit place， a fit person to do it， be fit for sth. / to do sth.， It is fit for sb. to do sth. e.g. The meat is not fit to eat. The room isnt fit to have the meeting.It isnt fit for you to say such words to elders.I have found a room fit for the meeting.You should study hard， work well and keep fit. Sb. be fit for sth.：某人称职、适合干 e.g. Do you think I am fit for the job？ vt. / vi. 对适合、适宜、吻合 e.g. This suit doesnt fit him.Do the two parts fit well？When you speak， you should fit your words to the occasion n. 合身的衣服 e.g. This jacket is a nice fit.11. follow：vt. 1) 跟随e.g. Please follow me to the office. The boy followed his mother into the meeting room.2) 沿着前进e.g. Follow this road and youll reach your hotel.3) (时间、顺序)接着、紧跟e.g. Summer follows spring. Our long vacation follows the exam.4) 明白、理解e.g. Sorry， I dont quite follow you. Would you repeat what you said？ 5) 听从、服从e.g. If you will follow my advice， Ill be very glad to help you. Please follow the instructions when you use this device. the following：接下去的、以后的e.g. He will repair the car in the following two weeks.as follows: 如下e.g. The whole letter reads as follows. (信的全文如下)12. refer to： 1)提及、谈到e.g. He referred to your invention in his speech. The boy referred to at the meeting is me. 2) 参考、查阅e.g. You may refer to this books if you have any questions. When you dont know the way in a city， you can always refer to a map. 3) 涉及、和有关e.g. This problem refers every one of us. We listened to a report referring to pollution. refer to A as B：将A称为Be.g. We often refer to Suzhou as Heaven Dont refer to your sister as “fat pig”.13. own：vt. 拥有，持有 (have possession of) own sth. e.g. We own only one earth， so we should try our best to protect her. adj. 自己的 ones own sth = sth. of ones own e.g. I have my own room. = I have a room of my own. on ones own：独自、靠自己 = by oneself e.g. The little boy returned home on his own.14. die young：英年早逝。 英语中，有时在动词之后接形容词，表示动作发生时，主语所处的状态，这个形容词可以扩展为一个句子。die young = die when sb. is still young. e.g. The boy came in black and blue. ( and he was black and blue) The man came into the room all wet. ( and he was all wet) In our country， you can travel free. ( and it is free)15. the same as / the same as：与一样的 (同种类的事物) e.g. My watch is the same as yours. = I have the same watch as you. the same that：与一样的 (指同一件的事物) e.g. This is the same wallet that I lost a month ago. (这就是上月我丢失钱包) same惯用语：at the same time：同时； much the same：大致相同； all the same = just the same：都一样； The same to you.：我也祝你一样。16. cheer sb. up：使某人高兴起来 e.g. The news cheered her up.Lets have a piece of soft music. It will cheer us up. cheer up：高兴起来 e.g. Forget the failure， you must cheer up.He gave her a bunch of flowers to cheer her up. cheer：vt. / vi. 激励/ 欢呼 e.g. The news cheered the family.The crowd cheered when the famous actor appeared on the stage. Cheers：干杯17. take in：拿进来、吸入、留宿人；理解、体会；欺骗、 e.g. Please take in your luggage and have a seat.He took in a deep breath and dived into the water.They take in tourists and provide breakfast.I just cant take in what the text says.Im not so easy to be taken in. take短语：take after：长得像 ； take away：把拿走、收拾好； take back：取回； take down：取下、写下； take for：把当作； take off移开、脱掉； take on：呈现、雇用； take out：拿出； take over接管、继承； take up：拿起、占据 18. make the most of = make the best (use)of：充分利用、极为重视 e.g. Students should make the most of their spare time.They made the most of the little food and survived another week. make短语：make it：成功； make up：组成、化妆； make little / much of：轻视/重视； make out：分辨出、理解； make up for：弥补； make up ones mind：下决心 19. ashamed：adj. 1) 感到羞耻的/惭愧的(后接of短语、不定式或从句) be ashamed of doing sth. / to do sth. / that e.g. He is ashamed of his failure (of having failed)I am ashamed to have treated you like that.She is ashamed that she has made such a simple mistake.2) 耻于的、不好意思的 e.g. Some students are ashamed to ask their teachers questions. shame：uc. 惭愧、羞耻心 feel shame at：为感到羞愧； have no shame：毫无羞耻心； hang ones head for / from / in shame：羞愧得低下头； to ones shame：使人感到羞愧的是，for / from / out of shame：由于羞愧20. failure：n. 1) un. 失败 e.g. There is failure， a little success， a little more failure， a little more success. Failure is the mother of success.2) c. (具体)失败的人、事 e.g. As a singer， she is a failure. The revolution is a failure in the end.3)减退、衰退 e.g. The old man died of heart failure. failure success (成功)：achieve / earn / enjoy / gain / get / win success in sth.fail：vi. 失败，/ succeed：成功， 与in连用 e.g. The boy failed in the English test. Finally they succeeded in getting two tickets for the film.fail to do sth.：没能做 e.g. The young man failed to pass the driving test. The policeman failed to tell me the right direction.III. 语法点拨：反意疑问句(tag question)1、反意疑问句一般遵循：前面肯定，反意部分否定；前面否定，反意部分肯定的原则。e.g. He likes playing football， doesnt he？ You dont watch TV in the evening， do you？ 注：当前否后肯时，要注意答句的意思。e.g. She doesnt speak English， does she？ Yes， she does.(不，她讲英语的) No， she doesnt. (是的，不讲)2、祈使句的反意部分用wont you？/ shant we？ 或will you？ / shall we？ 但常用will you？ / shall we？e.g. Lend me a hand， will you？ Let us pass through the room， will you？ Dont make any noise， will you？ Lets play tennis now， shall we？3、含有否定意思的副词：hardly、no、not、never、seldom、little、scarcely 等，属于准否定词，用于句中时，该句即为否定句， 反意部分用肯定式。 e.g. He hardly goes home on Sundays， does he？ The little boy seldom tells lies， does he？但是像unfair、useless、impossible、dislike等词，虽然也有否定意思，但由于它们是在一个词前加前缀dis- / im- / un- / ir- / il- / mis- 等或在词后加后缀 -less构成的，不属于准否定词。当这些词用于句中时，该句并不是否定句，即：反意部分仍然用否定式。e.g. You dislike the way he speaks， dont you？ It is impossible to finish the work in three hours， isnt it？4、must 表示推测时，反意部分用must后面的动词的相应(助动词)形式。e.g. He must know both English and French， doesnt he？ She must have known the answer to the question， hasnt she？ They must have visited the farm last week， didnt they？ 注意：a、Let me引起的祈使句，反意部分用will you？ / wont you？ / may I。 b、当陈述部分的主语是：body或one 构成的不定代词时，反意部分的主语用he或they；是thing 时，用it。 c、I am . 的反意部分用arent I？5、一般说来，反意是对主句的主谓进行反意。 e.g. He said we would have an exam soon， didnt he？ 但是，当句子的主语是第一人称I / we时，谓语动词是表示思维活动的动词，后接宾语从句时，反意部分是对宾语从句的反意。 e.g. We believe that the weather will turn fine， wont it？ I dont think that he can do it， can he？IV巩固练习：1、There is no light in the dormitory. They must have gone to the lecture， _ ？A. didnt theyB. dont theyC. mustnt theyD. havent they 2、If you want helpmoney or anything， let me know， _you？A. dontB. willC. shallD. do3、Nothing wrong with it， _？ No. Yours is a special-built model. Drive carefully， though. It takes time to run in a new car. A. is itB. has itC. are theyD. is there4、He had little idea that it was getting so late， _？ A. didnt heB. wasnt itC. did heD. was it5、Polly must be unhappy without me， _ she？ A. mustB. isC. mustntD. isnt6、Im late， _？ A. am I B. am not IC. arent I D. arent you7、Lets go to the cinema， _？ A. shall weB. will youC. will weD. dont we8、 She didnt come to school yesterday， did she？ _， though she was not feeling very well. A. No， she didntB. Yes， she didntC. No， she did D. Yes， she did9、 Alice， you feed (喂) the bird today， _ ？ But I fed it yesterday. A. do youB. will youC. didnt youD. dont you10、The boy is unlike his mother， _ he？ A. isB. isntC. doesntD. does11、Do be careful when you cross the street， _ you？ A. dontB. arent C. will D. must12、The terrible earthquake _ many people leave their homes. A. causedB. makeC. getD. left13、He came to see me _ last month， but I have forgotten the exact date. A. sometimeB. some timeC. some timesD. sometimes14、_ we do much _ work.A. Every day every dayB. Every day everydayC. Everyday every dayD. Everyday everyday15、The man _ me though he promised to. A. failed in helping B. failed to help C. fails in helping D. fails to helping 16、It is the busiest time of the year， so the manager decides to take _ more hands . A. inB. on C. backD. over17、Thank you very much. Thats the same purse _ I lost yesterday. A. withB. likeC. asD. that18、He was young， but he died _ ，for he saved a child. A. happilyB. happy