IEEE14741-2004 CBTC(中文版).doc

4. General requirements34.1 Characteristics of CBTC systems34.2 Categorization of CBTC systems34.3 Range of applications34.4 Train configurations44.5 Train operating modes44.5.1 Normal train operating modes in CBTC territory54.5.2 Failure mode train operations in CBTC territory5CBTC区域内列车运行模式失败54.5.3 Normal train operating modes in non-CBTC territory74.5.4 Failure mode train operations in non-CBTC territory74.6 Entering/exiting CBTC territory84.7 Train operating speeds85. Performance requirements95.3.3 CBTC vital functions125.3.4 Quantitative CBTC safety performance requirements125.3.5 Basic safety design principles135.4 System assurance requirements145.4.1 General146. Functional requirements176.1 ATP functions186.1.1 Train location/train speed determination18列车定位、列车速度测量186.1.2 Safe train separation196.1.3 Overspeed protection and brake assurance22超速防护和制动保证226.1.4 Rollback protection列车后退防护23CBTC系统应当能够监管列车实际运行方向，应当能够对CBTC指定的方向和测量的方向进行比较。列车向反方向移动超过可容忍距离后应当触发紧急制动。CBTC系统的后退检测标准在附录C中。236.1.5 End-of-track protection轨道末端防护236.1.6 Parted consist protection and coupling and uncoupling of trains23列车分离防护236.1.7 Zero speed detection零速检测，见附录C246.1.8 Door opening control protection interlocks车门控制联动246.1.9 Departure interlocks：出发联动246.1.10 Emergency braking紧急制动256.1.11 Route interlocking进路联锁功能256.1.12 Traffic direction reversal interlocks运行方向反向联锁？中途折返？（这一节翻译的不好，不明白什么意思，悲剧.）276.1.13 Work zone protection276.1.14 Broken rail detection 轨道故障检测（由主管机构配置）286.1.15 Highway grade-crossing warning286.1.16 Restricted route protections限制进路防护28CBTC系统应当能够阻止列车进入危险进路的能力。28好了，就翻译到这里，以下没有翻译286.2 ATO functions28摘要：本标准建立了基于通信的列车控制系统（CBTC）的性能和功能需求。CBTC是一个连续的自动列车控制系统采用高精度列车定位，和轨道线路无关；可连续高效的进行双向轨旁数据通信；包括用车载和轨旁处理器实现的列车自动保护（ATP）功能；以及列车自动运营（ATO）和列车自动监控（ATS）功能。除了CBTC功能方面的需求，本标准还定义了CBTC的行驶的标准，系统安全标准，系统可用标准。本标准可用于所有的运输业包括导向传输模式。关键字：自动化 通信 信号 列车控制4. General requirements 通用需求4.1 Characteristics of CBTC systems CBTC系统的特征The primary characteristics of a CBTC system include the following:一个CBTC系统的主要特征包括以下几点：a) High-resolution train location determination, independent of track circuits 不依靠轨道电路、高精度的列车定位b) Continuous, high capacity, bidirectional train-to-wayside data communications 连续的、大容量的双向车-地数据通信c) Train-borne and wayside processors performing vital functions 车载和轨旁计算机执行安全功能4.2 Categorization of CBTC systems CBTC系统的分类This standard recognizes that different configurations of CBTC systems are possible, depending on the spe-cific application. For example, a CBTC system may该标准认定不同配置的CBTC系统是可能的，取决于特定的应用。例如，一个CBTC系统可能是：a) Provide ATP functions only, with no ATO or ATS functions.只提供ATP功能，没有ATO和ATS功能b) Provide ATP functions, as well as certain ATO and/or ATS functions, as required to satisfy theoperational needs of the specific application.提供ATP功能，同样也提供一定的ATS和ATO功能，能够满足特定应用的操作需求。c) Be the only train control system in a given application or may be used in conjunction with otherauxiliary wayside systems.是既定应用的唯一列车控制系统，或者可能与其它辅助轨旁系统一同工作。A typical functional block diagram for a CBTC system is given in Annex B. 4.3 Range of applications The CBTC performance and functional requirements defined in this standard are intended to be applicable to the full range of transit applications, including light rail, heavy rail, and commuter rail transit systems, and shall be applicable to other transit applications, such as automated people movers (APMs) if CBTC is used for ATC. 该标准定义的CBTC系统的性能和功能需求可以满足所有线路应用，包括轻轨、重轨和通勤铁路；该标准也能够用于其它线路应用如旅客捷运系统，如果配置ATC的话。NOTEASCE 21-96 B3 establishes additional requirements related to operating environment, safety requirements,system dependability, and audio/visual communications for APM systems. It is the intent of this standard that tiered levels of functionality, and interoperability between equipment provided by multiple vendors, are facilitated to the extent required by the authority having jurisdiction. All CBTC systems shall include ATP functions. 该标准的内容是针对不同设备提供商从功能上和互用性上进行分层，在一定程度上能更易使用。所有的CBTC系统都应包括ATP功能。4.4 Train configurations 列车配置A CBTC system shall be capable of supporting a variety of train configurations, including the following:一个CBTC系统应当能够支持不同的列车类型，包括以下：a) Fixed-length unidirectional trains comprised of one or more basic operating units由一个或多个基本单位组成的固定长度的、单方向的列车b) Fixed-length bidirectional trains comprised of one or more basic operating units由一个或多个基本单位组成的固定长度的、双方向的列车c) Variable-length unidirectional trains 可变长度的、单方向的列车d) Variable-length bidirectional trains可变长度的、双方向的列车A CBTC system shall be capable of supporting a mixed fleet of trains, where specific trains, and/or classes of trains, have different performance characteristics. 一个CBTC系统能够支持混跑类型列车4.5 Train operating modes列车操作模式 CBTC-equipped trains may be operated by either a single person or a multi-person crew. A CBTC system may also be required to support operation of trains without crews. 装备CBTC系统的列车可以由一个人或者多人操作，同样能够支持无人驾驶。For operation of trains with crews, the train operator will typically be stationed in the lead car of the train and will be responsible for moving the train from station to station. With a multi-person crew, the conductor(s) will normally operate from conductor position(s) within the train to operate the trains doors. A CBTC system shall support single-person train operation by combining the conductor and train operator display information on the train operators display. For multi-person crews, conductor display information shall also be provided on separate conductor displays.列车由多人驾驶时，司机坐在驾驶室里，负责驾驶列车。乘务员通常负责车门。CBTC系统也可以由一个人驾驶，此时乘务员和驾驶员的职务由一个人充当。For the purposes of this standard, operation of trains without crews includes both unattended and driverless train operations. With unattended train operations, there would normally be no crew member onboard the train. With driverless train operations, there may be a crew member onboard the train, but normally not in the driving cab. This crew member, if present, would normally have no responsibility for operation of the train except for failure recovery. 在该标准中，列车无人驾驶包括（真正的无人驾驶）和（无人值守）。对于真正的无人驾驶，通常车上没有司机。对于无人值守，通常是车上有司机，但是不在驾驶室。这个人即便在车上也不负责驾驶列车，除非故障恢复。CBTC-equipped trains (including CBTC-equipped maintenance vehicles) shall be capable of operating in various modes, depending on whether the train is operating in CBTC territory or non-CBTC territory, and depending on the operational status of the train-borne and/or wayside CBTC equipment.装备CBTC系统的列车（包括装备CBTC系统的工程车）应当能够运行在不同的模式下，依赖于列车是否运行在CBTC区域或者是非CBTC区域，同样还取决于车载或轨旁的CBTC设备的状况。Mixed-mode operation shall also be considered a normal operating mode, to the extent specified by the authority having jurisdiction. Mixed-mode operation is defined as the simultaneous operation within CBTC territory of CBTC-equipped trains and trains that are not equipped with functional train-borne CBTC equipment (including maintenance vehicles). Mixed-mode operation may be used in one or more of the following ways:根据主管机关指定的范围内，混跑模式也应当看作是一个常用的运行模式。混跑模式被定义为在CBTC区域内装备CBTC系统的列车和未装备CBTC系统的列车同时存在运行。混跑模式运行可能以如下一个或多种方式使用a) A regularly scheduled mode of operation within CBTC territory在CBTC区域预定的运行模式b) An infrequent, unscheduled mode of operation within CBTC territory在CBTC区域很少用的、非预定的运行模式c) During the transition period only, as a new CBTC system is cut-in d) As a result of train-borne CBTC equipment failures 由于CBTC车载设备坏掉 4.5.1 Normal train operating modes in CBTC territory作为CBTC区域内常用的列车运行模式4.5.1.1 CBTC-equipped trains 装备CBTC系统的列车CBTC-equipped trains operating in CBTC territory shall operate, within ATP limits, under the protection of the CBTC system. The train shall be capable of being controlled manually by a train operator or automatically by the CBTC system (supervised by the train operator, if present), as specified by the authority having jurisdiction. When operating automatically, some functions (such as door operation and train departure initiation) may continue to be the responsibility of the train operator and/or conductor(s), if present.装备CBTC系统的列车在CBTC区域运行，在ATP的限制下，受CBTC系统的防护。根据标准定义，此时列车可以由人驾驶或者进行自动驾驶（如果车上有司机的话，司机进行监督列车自动运行）。当列车自动驾驶时，开关车门等功能由司机负责（如果有司机的话）。4.5.1.2 Non-CBTC-equipped trains 非装备CBTC列车Trains not equipped with train-borne CBTC equipment and/or trains with inoperative train-borne CBTC equipment that are operating in CBTC territory shall operate under the protection of an auxiliary wayside system and/or operating procedures, as specified by the authority having jurisdiction. 未装备CBTC系统的列车或者车载CBTC设备不起作用的列车，在CBTC区域运行的时候，应当在辅助轨旁系统的防护下运行。4.5.2 Failure mode train operations in CBTC territory CBTC区域内列车操作模式故障For light rail, heavy rail, and commuter rail applications operating with crews, it is an operational requirement to continue to move trains safely in the event of CBTC equipment and/or data communication failures, possibly at reduced operating speeds and/or increased operating headways when compared to normal train operations. As a consequence, a CBTC system shall be designed to support degraded modes of operation in the event of failure and to continue to provide ATP with minimum reliance on adherence to operating procedures. This shall be achieved through functional elements of the CBTC system itself, an auxiliary wayside system (if specified by the authority having jurisdiction), or a combination of both systems. 对于有司机驾驶的轻轨、重轨和往返线，当CBTC设备或者数据通信失败时仍然能够使列车安全运行是对操作的需求，和平常列车相比，可能会以降低列车运行速度或者是增大运行安全距离的方法。因此，一个CBTC系统应当设计为在设备失效的情况下支持后备运行模式，并能够继续提供ATP的最小防护。For fully automated people mover applications operating without crews, the extent to which the CBTC system shall be designed to support degraded modes of operation in the event of failure shall be as defined by the authority having jurisdiction, and may include an ability to remotely reset train-borne equipment and the ability to support automatic push/pull train recovery, as well as the ability to support manual train operations and alternative routing strategies. 对于完全的无人驾驶，CBTC系统的范围应当是在标准定义者所认定的设备失效的情况下，依然能够支持列车的降级运行模式，并且可能包括远程重启车载设备、支持自动恢复、支持人为驾驶的能力。For all applications, a fall-back plan, based on failure analysis and operating procedures, shall identify train operating modes that will take advantage of the degraded modes of operation and recovery capabilities of the CBTC system. The goal of the plan shall be to eliminate hazards to passengers and staff in accordance with 5.3, while continuing to provide passenger service. Specifically, failure mode train operations in CBTC territory shall address those CBTC system failures affecting the following:对于所有的应用方案，基于故障分析和操作规程的一个后备方案应当能够识别出列车运行模式，该运行模式能够利用降级的运行模式，并且应当具有故障恢复为CBTC的能力。这个后备方案的目标是结合5.3节减小对旅客的危害，同时继续为旅客提供服务。a) All trains operating within a particular area of control b) A particular train operating within any area of control 4.5.2.1 CBTC system failures affecting all trains operating within a particular area of control CBTC系统失效影响一定区域内所有列车的运行In the event of a CBTC system failure that affects all CBTC-equipped trains operating within a particular area of control within CBTC territory (e.g., wayside CBTC equipment or wayside-to-train data communications failure), trains shall have the capability to provide continued safe operations under the control of a train operator, and 如果发生CBTC系统故障（如轨旁CBTC设备或地-车通信中断）并且影响一定区段内所有CBTC装备列车，列车应当能够在司机的控制下继续安全运行，并且a) With the protection of an auxiliary wayside system (if specified by the authority havingjurisdiction); or有轨旁系统的保护（如果主管机关指定）b) Through strict adherence to operating procedures; or或者严格按照运行手册c) A combination of both items a) and b). When operating in this failure mode, ATP functions that reside within individual train-borne CBTC equipment shall continue to function to the extent safety can be assured. 当在这样的故障模式下运行时，驻留在每个车载CBTC设备的ATP功能将继续工作直到安全能够确保。4.5.2.2 CBTC system failures affecting a particular train operating within any area of control CBTC系统故障影响某一特定的列车在整个线路上的运行In the event of a CBTC system failure affecting a particular CBTC-equipped train operating within any area of control within CBTC territory (e.g., train-borne CBTC equipment failure), that train shall be capable of continued safe operations under the control of a train operator, and 如果发生CBTC系统故障影响某一特定的列车在整个线路上的运行（比如车载CBTC设备故障），列车应当能够在司机的控制下继续安全运行，并且a) With the protection of an auxiliary wayside system (if specified by the authority havingjurisdiction); or在轨旁系统的保护下（如果主管机关指定）；或者是b) With the train speed limited by the propulsion system; or牵引系统控制列车速度c) Through strict adherence to operating procedures; or或者严格按照运行手册d) A combination of any or all of items a), b), and c). When operating in this failure mode, ATP functions that reside within wayside CBTC equipment and within other train-borne CBTC equipment shall continue to function to the extent safety can be assured. 当在这样的故障模式下运行时，驻留在轨旁CBTC设备和其他的车载CBTC设备中的ATP功能将继续工作直到安全能够确保。 4.5.3 Normal train operating modes in non-CBTC territory 非CBTC区域内列车的正常运行模式For the purposes of this standard, non-CBTC territory is defined as any territory that is not equipped with wayside CBTC equipment fully compatible with the train-borne CBTC equipment. CBTC equipment installed on trains operating in non-CBTC territory shall include the necessary capabilities to support transitions into CBTC territory. In addition, if specified by the authority having jurisdiction, train-borne CBTC equipment may also perform other ATP functions while operating in non-CBTC territory, such as limiting train speed and/or providing zero speed detection. 非CBTC区域被定义为未装备轨旁CBTC设备的任何区域，该轨旁设备能够与车载CBTC设备完全兼容。安装在运行于非CBTC区域车上的CBTC设备应当包括向CBTC区域转入时所必需的功能。此外，如果主管机关同意，车载CBTC设备可以在运行于非CBTC区域时执行别的ATP功能，如限速列车速度或提供零速检测。If specified by the authority having jurisdiction, train-borne CBTC equipment operating in non-CBTC territory may also interface with wayside equipment that is not fully compatible with the train-borne CBTC equipment. In no case, however, shall the train-borne CBTC equipment provide an indication of standard CBTC operation when operating in non-CBTC territory, unless the applicable authority or authorities having jurisdiction over the train-borne and wayside equipment have ensured that standard CBTC operation is supported by the integrated train-borne and wayside systems. 如果主管机关同意，运行于非CBTC区域的车载CBTC设备可以与轨旁设备（与车载CBTC设备不完全兼容）有接口。然而，当运行于非CBTC区域时，车载CBTC设备决不能提供标准的CBTC运行指示，除非可用授权或主管机关通过车载和轨旁设备能够确保完整的车载和轨旁系统能够支持标准的CBTC运行。4.5.4 Failure mode train operations in non-CBTC territory 非CBTC区域内列车运行故障Except where specified to perform certain ATP functions while operating in non-CBTC territory, failure of the train-borne CBTC equipment shall have minimal impact on train operation. The failure shall be indicated to the train operator, if present. 当运行于非CBTC区域时，除非指定执行特定的ATP功能，车载CBTC设备的故障应对列车运行产生最小的影响，如果有司机的话，故障将会报由司机。 4.6 Entering/exiting CBTC territory 进入、离开CBTC区域4.6.1 Entering into CBTC territory 进入CBTC区域A CBTC system shall have precise knowledge of the limits of CBTC territory and shall include the capability to perform verification checks of the train-borne CBTC equipment prior to entering CBTC territory. The checks shall be performed sufficiently in advance of entry into CBTC territory to verify the proper operation of the train-borne CBTC equipment (including any wayside CBTC equipment dependencies). 一个CBTC系统应当精确地知道CBTC区域的范围，并且应当包括在进入CBTC区域之前能够验证列车是否有CBTC装备的能力。这些验证应当在进入CBTC区域之前进行充分的执行，以便核实对车载CBTC设备（包括任何对轨旁CBTC设备的依赖）进行正确的操作。If the verification check is passed, an indication to this effect shall be provided. Under normal circumstances and subject to ATP constraints, it shall not be necessary for a train to come to a stop when entering CBTC territory unless required for other operational reasons. 如果验证通过，就会提供一个指示信息。在正常情况和ATP的限制下，当进入CBTC区域时，就不需要先停车了，除非有特殊操作要求。In the event that the verification check fails, an indication of the CBTC system failure shall be provided, and train operation may revert to the auxiliary wayside signal system if available or to operating rules if no auxiliary wayside signal system is provided.The results of the verification checks shall be displayed on the ATS user interface. For trains operating with crews, the results of the verification checks shall also be indicated to the train operator. 如果验证失败，就会提供一个CBTC系统故障的指示信息，列车运行就会重新依赖于轨旁信号系统，或者如果没有轨旁系统的话，就会按照运行规则。验证信息会显示在ATS用户界面上，对于有人驾驶的列车，验证信息同样也会显示给司机。 4.6.2 Exiting from CBTC territory 离开CBTC区域For trains operating with crews, prior to exiting CBTC territory, a CBTC system may provide a visual indication to the train operator of time and/or distance until the train will be exiting the CBTC territory. When known by the CBTC system, the train operator may also receive an indication of the type of train control system into which the train will be traversing. 对于有司机的列车，在离开CBTC区域之前，CBTC系统可能会提供一个可视的指示信息（当前距离开CBTC区域还有多少时间、距离）给司机。司机可能还会收到一个列车即将要切入的控制模式的指示信息。Under normal circumstances and subject to ATP constraints, it shall not be necessary for a train to come to a stop when exiting CBTC territory unless required for other operational reasons. 在正常情况和ATP的限制下，当进入CBTC区域时，就不需要先停车了，除非有特殊操作要求。4.7 Train operating speeds列车运行速度A CBTC system shall be capable of meeting the performance and functional requirements of this standard, over the full range of possible train operating speeds specified by the authority having jurisdiction.CBTC系统应当能够满足本标准所提的性能和功能需求5. Performance requirements性能需求5.1 CBTC factors contributing to achievable headwaysThe required design and operating headways (i.e., the minimum and scheduled headways) for both normal and reverse directions shall be specified by the authority having jurisdiction. Headway may be specified as uninterfered and/or interfered.正向或反向运行所要求的设计和运行间隔应当由主管机构来指定，运行间隔可以人为干预或不进行干预。In all cases, the design headway shall be constrained by the safe tr