Earthquakes Reading 全员探究_教学案

Unit 4 Earthquakes Reading全员探究Reading1For three days the water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell. 三天来，村子里的井水升升降降，起起伏伏。rise （rose; risen）要点导航 rise vi. 上升; 升起; 起身。n. 上升; 增加; 上涨。例如：Smoke was _the chimney. 烟从烟筒里升起。Im going to ask for a rise. 我打算要求加薪。思维拓展 rise, raise, arise都表示“升高，提高”的意思，区别如下：rise是不及物动词，也可作名词，使用较广，可指太阳、月亮、物价、数量、河水、地位等“升起，增长，上升，发源”，还可指人“起床，起立”等，其过去式、过去分词为rose和risen。例如：Prices are rising quickly. 物价不断上涨。There will be a rise unemployment next year. 明年失业人数将会增加。raise是及物动词，意为“提高，举起，抚养，筹捐等”，表示工资、数量、价格、容量、地位等，其过去式、过去分词为raised和raised。例如：I plan to _to set up a school. 我计划筹募基金建一所学校。He was raised from clerk to manager. 他由职员提升为经理。arise是不及物动词，表示“出现，发生，起因于”，过去式和过去分词为arose和arisen。例如：A heavy mist arose from the lake. 湖面升起了浓雾。New problems arise every day. 新问题每天都会出现。问题探究the rising sun_; the risen sun_. 2A smelly gas came out of the cracks. 裂缝里冒出臭气。要点导航 smelly adj. 发臭的，有臭味的。例如：smelly feet/cheese 臭脚; 难闻的奶酪思维拓展smell既可作实意动词，又可作系动词，注意各自的用法。smell v. 闻，闻到，嗅到（不用于进行时态，常与can或could连用）。例如：He said he could smell gas when he entered the room. 他说一进屋就闻到煤气味。Can you smell something burning? 你有没有闻到什么东西烧糊了?smell link v. 闻起来，有气味（接adj、like或of短语作表语）. Dinner smells _. 饭菜闻起来很香。The air smells of paint. 空气里有一股油漆味。What does the perfume smell like? 这种香水闻起来像什么?问题探究 smelly为“名词 y”构成的形容词，以这种方式构成的形容词还有哪些?提示：rainy, windy, snowy, cloudy, stormy, sunny, funny, noisy, lucky, healthy, thirsty, hungry, angry等。3Fish jumped out of bowls and ponds. 鱼缸和池塘里的鱼往外跳。要点导航 out of sth. 从里面出来（为复合介词结构）。例如：run out of_ jump out of _ come out of _fall out of _ knock out of_思维拓展 out of还有“没有，缺少; 超出; 原因”等含义。例如：out of work out of dangerout of ones reach out of sightout of question out of pityout of the question out of order4In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst. 在市内，有些建筑物里的水管爆裂开来。要点导航 burst vi. （burst, burst）爆裂，爆发。n. 突然破裂，爆发。例如：That balloon will burst if you blow it up any more. 你再给气球充气，它就要爆了。The dam burst under the weight of water. 大坝在水的巨大压力下溃决了。思维拓展 burst vi. 猛冲; 突然起来，使突然起来。burst out doingburst into sthburst into_/burst out _. 突然大笑起来burst into _/burst out _突然大哭起来5But one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, went to bed as usual that night. 唐山市的一百万居民几乎都没有把这些情况当一回事，当天晚上照常上床睡觉了。要点导航 think nothing/little of 对等闲视之、满不在乎。例如：She _ walking 30 miles a day. 她认为一天步行三十英里不足为奇。The other scholars _ the theory. 其他学者忽视他的理论。思维拓展 think much/highly of 重视，看重speak highly of/speak ill ofThey didnt think much of the plan. 他们觉得这计划不怎么样。I dont _him because he is dishonest. 我对他评价不高，因为他不诚实。问题探究 think ofas何意?其同意词语还有哪些?提示：表示“把当作，认为是”之意，其同义词语还有：_6It seemed that the world was at an end. 世界似乎到了末日。要点导航 at an end 结束，终结（常作表语）。例如：The war was finally at an end. 战争终于结束了。思维拓展 come to an end 完毕，结束; draw to an end 接近尾声; bringto an end 使终止; put an end to 使终止; make an end of （文语）把终止。例如：The meeting came to an end at midnight. 那次会议进行至深夜才结束。I wonder how I can bring their dispute to an end. 我不知如何才能使他们终止纷争。They should put an end to that ridiculous war. 他们应该终止那场荒谬的战争了。问题探究 at the end_ in the end_ on end_7A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty metres wide cut across house, roads and canals. 一条8公里长30米宽的巨大裂缝横穿房舍、马路和渠道。要点导航 cut across/through 横过，穿越; 抄近道。例如：The road _the forest. 这条路横穿森林。A brook cuts through the field. 一条小溪穿过田野。I usually _the park on my way home. 我回家常抄近道，从公园里头走。思维拓展 比较掌握下列词语的用法：cut off切断，砍掉; 切断（电力、自来水等）供应。cut in插嘴，插入（其后可接on）。cut down砍伐，砍倒（树木）; 减少，使减价。cut up切碎，剁碎（其后可接into）。问题探究 Her baby is cutting a tooth_8The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400，000死伤的人数达到40多万。要点导航 the number of意为“的数量、数目”，作主语时谓语动词用单数; a number of意为“一些，很多”，修饰复数名词，置于主语前作定语时，谓语动词用复数。例如：The number of competitors_参赛者的数量是有限的。A number of problems have arisen. 已经出现了一些问题。思维拓展 a large number of大量的; a small number of少量的; the largest number of最大数量的。例如：A large number of people _the job. 很多人申请了这工作。Chinese has the largest number of speakers in the world. 世界上说汉语的人最多。问题探究 请用number翻译：你班学生有多少?_9Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed. 人们无论朝哪里看，哪里一切都几乎被毁坏了。要点导航 destroy vt. 破坏，毁坏，消灭。例如：The fire destroyed all my books. 这场大火毁了我的全部书籍。All my hopes were destroyed by his letter of refusal. 他回信拒绝，使我全部的希望完全破灭。思维拓展 destroy, ruin, damage都有“损坏，毁坏”之意，但用法各异。destroy表示“破坏、摧毁”，用于一种外力粉碎、摧毁、杀戮、消灭某物的场合，常含有损坏严重、难以修复之意，也可指希望、计划等打破。例如：His hope of being a writer was destroyed. 他当作家的希望破灭了。ruin指“毁灭，灭亡”，表示破坏严重，以致不能修复。现在多用于借喻中，表示希望、前程的破灭，健康遭到毁坏等。例如：The bad weather ruined our trip. 天气恶劣，破坏了我们的旅行。I was ruined by that law case. 我被那场官司搞得倾家荡产。damage指价值、用途降低或外表损坏等，不一定全部破坏，损坏了还可以修复。例如：The heavy rain damaged many houses. 大雨损坏了许多房子。问题探究An atom bomb would _a city. 一颗原子弹可以摧毁一座城市。Too much smoking will_. 抽烟过多会损坏你的身体。The storm _many buildings. 10The railway tracks were now useless pieces of steel. 铁轨如今成了一条条废钢。要点导航 useless adj. 无用的; 无效的，无益的。It is useless to do/doing sth. 做某事是无用的。例如：These books are useless to me. 这些书对我都没用。It is useless to talk/talking with him. 跟他谈是没用的。She tried to work, but it was useless. 她很想做事，但力不从心。思维拓展 It is useless to do/doing sth. 与下面两个句型同义：It is no use doing sth. 做某事是无用的; There is no use doing sth. 做某事是徒然的。例如：Its no use _覆水难收，悔恨无益。There is no use _. 劝告他只是白费力气。Whats the use of worrying about it? 为此事操心有什么用?问题探究 less为形容词后缀，意思是“没有，无”。你能举出一些以less结尾的形容词吗?_11People were shocked. 人们惊呆了。要点导航 shock vt. （使）震惊，（使）惊愕。用法如下： shock sb. 使某人感到震惊，使某人惊愕。例如：It shocks you when something like that happens. 发生这样的事，令人感到震惊。 be shocked at/by 令人震惊。例如：He _. 这消息使他感到震惊。I was shocked at this sudden change in their attitude. 他们态度突然改变，使我感到震惊。be shocked to do/thatclause 因感到震惊。例如：I was shocked _. . 听到他辞职的消息，我深感意外。思维拓展 shock CU 震惊，（精神上）打击; U休克。例如：The news of his death came as a shock to us all. 他的死讯传来，我们大家都感到震惊。It was _for him when his wife died. 他妻子的死对他是一个沉重的打击。12Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins. 有些医生和救援人员被困在废墟下面。要点导航 1） rescue U 救援，营救; C 营救行动。例如：rescue vt. 营救，援救（常与from搭配）。例如：We rescued the boy from drowning. 我们把那位溺水的男孩救起来。The firemen _. 消防队员从失火的房子里救出一个婴儿。2） trap （trapped; trapped）be trapped in被困住 类似于get caught in 遭遇到13The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. 救援人员组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，将死者掩埋。该句中and连接两个平行的不定式短语to dig out和to bury，those为先行词，被who引导的定语从句所修饰。（1） organize要点导航 organize vt. & vi组织; 组织起来。例如：He was active in _student meetings. 他积极组织学生集会。The story is _. 这个故事组织得很好。“Dont mourn for me. Organize!” These were his last words. “不要为我悲痛，组织起来！”这就是他最后的遗言。思维拓展 organized adj. 有组织的; 有条理的; 有安排的。例如：an organized body of workers 一个有组织的工人团体organized crime 有组织的犯罪a _ campaign 精心策划的运动a wellorganized office 井然有序的办公室问题探究 the World Health Organization_注意organize的名词为organization，意为“组织，机构; 组织工作，筹备工作”等。（2） dig out要点导航 dig out挖掘出; 发现。dig for挖寻 例如：Lets _. 咱们把根挖出来。More than a dozen people were dug out of the coal mi