备考2020年中考英语一轮复习 冠词用法讲解考点练习（无答案）

8中考英语冠词用法讲解考点1、冠词用法冠词的句法功能 1a和an的区别不定冠词有a和an两种形式，a用于辅音音素(不是辅音字母)开头的词前，an用于元音音素(不是元音字母)开头的词前。元音字母开头但发辅音因素用a : university, european（欧洲的, useful, unit, uniforman hour, an island, an elephant, an umbrella, an eleven/eight-year-old boy 八个辅音字母但发元音因素用an : f, h, l, m ,n, r, s, x典型例题误“can you help me” “sorry, im in hurry.”正“can you help me” “sorry. im in a hurry.”批注：不定冠词主要的难点是用在固定词组中，如：have a walk/a rest /a lookin a hurry 匆匆忙忙make a face 作鬼脸do somebody a favour 帮某人忙a number of =manyhave a good time (玩得好)have a cold (感冒)have a headache (头痛)have a break=have a rest（休息一下）2 定冠词的用法典型例题易错题辨析：4.误i bought the dictionary yesterday. a dictionary is very good.正i bought a dictionary yesterday. the dictionary is very good.批注：在文章中第一次提到某物时用不定冠词，而第二次提到时用定冠词。5.误please turn off lights before you leave.正please turn off the lights before you leave.批注：虽然是第一次提到某物但说话双方均知其所指，也应用定冠词。6.误there are nine planets around a sun.正there are nine planets around the sun.批注：世上独一无二的天体等名词前应加定冠词，如：the earth, the moon, the sun, the sky, the sea.7.误i live on a second floor of this building.正i live on the second floor of this building.批注：在序数词，形容词最高级前要用定冠词。如：he is the oldest in the family.8.误i want to learn the second language this term.正i want to learn a second language this term.批注：在序数词的含意不是顺序中的第一第二，而其意在于再学一个，再来一个时，应用a，本句的意思应为：这学期我要学一门第二外语。9.误mississippi is one of the longest rivers in the world.正the mississippi is one of the longest rivers in the world.批注：在河流名称前应加定冠词，如：the yellow river(黄河)。10.误look, there are alp.误look, there are the alp.正look, there are the alps.批注：具体的某一座山不加定冠词，如：mountain tai.但在山名称前加定冠词后，其山名要加s，来表示山脉。the alps即为阿尔卑斯山脉。如:the alps are in the center of europe.11.误times is one of the oldest newspapers in the world.正the times is one of the oldest newspapers in the world.批注：报刊名称前应加定冠词。12.误rich are not always happy.正the rich are not always happy.批注：在形容词前加定冠词表示一类人，而在姓的前面加定冠词，姓后加s表示某一家，如：the turners are going to move to new york.13.误the sun rises in east.正the sun rises in the east.批注：在方向、方位前应用定冠词，如：in the east, in the west, in the north, in the south, in the direction 及in the past, in the future.3. 零冠词的用法【难点】 用与不用冠词的差异1. in hospital住院/in the hospital在医院里2. in front of在(外部的)前面/in the front of在(内部的)前面3. take place发生/take the place(of)代替4. go to school上学/go to the school到学校去5. next year明年/the next year 第二年6.a teacher and writer一位教师兼作家(一人)/a teacher and a writer一位教师和一位作家(两人)典型例题易错题辨析：14.误would you please buy some food for the supper正would you please buy some food for supper批注：泛指一日三餐前无定冠词。15.误i like to climb the mountain in the autumn.正i like to climb the mountain in autumn. 批注：一年四季前不用定冠词，如：spring is the best season in a year.16.误sometimes my parents come to school to see me.正sometimes my parents come to the school to see me. 批注：有些名词被用作其本身原来所含目的时不加冠词，如：go to school上学，leave school(辍学)， after school(放学)，但如果当建筑物讲时应加冠词，如例句中其父母来校不是上学，而是看 望孩子，则要加定冠词。又如：he was in hospital for two days.(他在医院住院两天了。)而：he went to the hospital to see his mother.他去医院看望他的母亲。17.误i went to new york by his car.正i went to new york by car.正i went to new york in his car.批注：by仅仅与交通工具相连表示应用某种工具，而加了别的修饰词后其前面的介词也应作相应的转换。如：by car (坐小汽车)by taxi (坐出租车)by bike (骑自行车)by water (乘船)by air (乘飞机)by sea (乘船)4. 冠词与形容词+名词结构1) 两个形容词都有冠词，表示两个不同东西。 he raises a black and a white cat. 他养了一只黑猫和一只白猫。 the black and the white cats are hers. 这只黑猫和白猫都是他的。 2) 如后一个形容词无冠词，则指一物。 he raises a black and white cat. 他养了一只花猫。5. 冠词位置1) 不定冠词位置 不定冠词常位于名词或名词修饰语前。注意： a. 位于下列形容词之后： such，what，many，half i have never seen such an animal. many a man is fit for the job. b. 当名词前的形容词被副词as, so, too, how, however, enough修饰时，不定冠词应放在形容词之后： it is as pleasant a day as i have ever spent. so short a time. too long a distance. c. quite，rather与单数名词连用，冠词放在其后。 但当rather，quite 前仍有形容词，不定冠词放其前后均可。如：quite a lot 2) 定冠词位置 定冠词通常位于名词或名词修饰语前，但放在all，both，double，half，twice，three times等词之后，名词之前。 all the students in the class went out.班里的所有学生都出去了。误mary began to learn how to play piano when she was three.正mary began to learn how to play the piano when she was three.批注：在乐器前要加定冠词，而在球类游戏之前则不要加冠词，如：they like to play bridge when they are free. (他们空闲时爱打桥牌)批注：以上内容总结为速记口诀：名词是秃子，常要戴帽子。可数名词单，须用a或an。辅音前用a，an在原音前。若为特指时，则须用定冠。复数不可数，泛指the不见。碰到代词时，定冠均不见。强化练习1.there will be _ interview between the manager and his assistants this afternoon. a. an b. a c. the d. /2.little tony is _honest boy. he never tells lies. a. a b. an c. / d. the3.please stay for dinner. it will be ready in half _ hour. a. a b. an c. the d. / 4.can you see _ one-eyed cow in _field? a.an, the b.a, the c./, the d.a, a5.a: which girl is your daughter, mr. white? b: oh, look, that little one in red. a. ab. an c. / d. the6.his father is _ engineer. he always wears _ uniform at work. a. a.a b. a.an c. an.a d. an.an 7._ young man beside me is _ university student.a. ana b. an/ c. thean d. thea8. _ girl with a toy in her hand is my little sister.a.a b. an c. thed. /9.my friend, harry, his favorite sport is playing _golf.a. a b. an c. the d. /10.last week, i wrote _ article on our school food festival to shanghai students post.a. theb. an c. a d. /11. its _ pleasure for me to be invited to play _ piano at the concert. a. the, ab. a, the c. a, a d. a, / 12.i like to read _ book. its better than reading on the internet.a. / b. a c. an d. the13.he ordered a book some time ago and now _book has arrived. a. a b. the c. an d. /14.he ordered a washing machine by phone two days ago, and machine has arrived. a. a b. an c. the d. / 15._ teacher said that jack was_ new student and he was_ honest.a. the, a, b. a, the, a c. a, a, an d. the, a, an16.tom likes playing _football, while lily likes playing violin.a. the/ b. / the c. thethe d. /17.please get everything ready. our meeting will begin in half _ hour.a. a b. an c. the d. /18.its about half _ hours walk from here to _ nearest underground station. a. atheb. anthe c. /the d. thea 19. more college graduates would like to work in _ west part of our country_ next year.a. the, theb. /,/ c. /, the d. the, /20. my grandpa used to have _ walk in the garden after _ supper.a. a, ab. /, a c. a, / d. /, /21. the scientists from _ united states live in _ ninth street.a. the, theb. /, the c. /, /d. the, /22. there is _ report in todays newspaper. its about the international film festival,shanghai.a. ab. an c. the d. /23. mr. wang is _ ambulance man. he is always busy with the work.a. a b. the c. an d. the24. the old lady teaches children to play _ piano at a weekend school. a. a b. an c. the d. 25. linda always takes _ active part in sports after school. a. /b. a c. and. the26. can i have _look at the photo of your pen friend. a.a b.an c./ d.the27.my brother likes drawing very much and his dream is to become_ architect.a. the b. a c, an d,/28. in the united states, fathers day is on _ third sunday in june.a. a b. an c. the d./29. anna ordered a square umbrella from the taobao net last week and now _ umbrella has arrived.a. a b. an c. the d. /30. cindy, do you have _ e-mail addresses? i want to send you some photos.a. a b. an c. the d./31. cormorant fishing is _ traditional chinese skill, but few people know it now.a. a b. an c. the d./32. the soldier ran down the stairs, two at time.a. a b. an c. the d. /33.i can see a small dog in the garden. dog is my neighbours.a. a b.the c. / d. an34. “who knows the _ answer to the question?” the teacher asked. a. a b. an c. the d. /35. the double ninth festival reminds us to respect _ elderly. a. a b. an c. the d. /36. please take sho