《口译听辨技巧》PPT课件

听辨-口译过程的第一阶段,（ListeningAnalysis/ActiveListening）,译员的听不同于一般听力活动,听的目的：用另一种语言完整地表达和复述听到的全部内容。自主听力：把握主题及关键信息；捕捉话语脉络；预测下文；判断词义。困难是什么？,BugsinLCII恼人的听辨“虫”,1.unknownwords生词2.culturally-burdenedphrasesoridioms英语中的文化陷阱（容易望文生义）3.illogicalflowofthought逻辑混乱4.heavyaccent口音浓重5.unfamiliartopic不了解主题知识6.tooquickadeliveryspeed语速过快7.blurredpointofview意思不明确8.numbers数字,DebugMethods杀虫“计”,thepausesatmeaningchunks意群停顿thecontext上下文culturalawareness文化意识communicativelyconscious交际性beclearoftheintentofthespeaker意图sharpenyourearsbypractice练耳,ListeningforMeaninginsteadofforWords,Howto1.topic/theme话题、主题2.context(textualpackagingnotuptostandard;highpercentageofbreakages，lookforanothersupplier,Thisisahappyandmemorableoccasionformepersonallyaswellasforallthemembersofmydelegation.Idliketothankyouforthegracioushospitalityandthewarmthwithwhichwehavebeenreceived.Iamveryhappywithyourarrangement.InacceptingyourgraciousinvitationtoShanghai,Ihaveanexcellentopportunitytolearnabouttheinvestmentenvironmenthere.Itismysincerewishthatweshouldreachanagreementontheestablishmentofjointventureinthismostpromisingcity.,KeyWords:Hospitality,investmentenvironment,agreement,jointventure,听辨，预测关键词（keywords）,词汇层面：名词、动词等实词1.预测词语搭配随着中国综合国力的_和国际地位的_,中国在国际舞台上越来越令人瞩目。（国力增强enhancethecomprehensivenationalstrength，地位提高improveitsinternationalstatus）类似的搭配有“加快改革开放，打开了解世界的窗户，提高机会，促进发展”等。TheUnitedStatesandChinahavemadegreatprogressinbuildingarelationshipthatcan_thechallengesofourtime,_globalprosperityand_thecauseofpeace.(meet,promote,maintain应对挑战，迎接挑战，促进繁荣，维护和平）2.预测表达方式译员听到“文化在促进国际关系中的作用”,“作用”这个词英语的习惯表达方式“toplayarolein.。”又如当听到”我代表中国政府和人民，对布什总统来华访问表示热烈欢迎”。译员从“代表。“可以预测出英语的习惯表达结构为”Onbehalfof,Iextendmyto”,篇章层面1.预测主要成分从语篇的上下文中预测出说话人将要表达的信息，从而获得相应的语言表达方式或主要成分，如主语，谓语部分。例如：神州5号的发射是一次壮举，它显示了中国的太空科技已经_.“达到很高水平，处于世界前列”,Practice1,中国国际旅行社为各位安排了富有中国民族文化特色的_旅游线路。各位将要游览举世闻名的景点和_，参观雄伟的_，观赏珍贵的_。你们还将有机会欣赏中国_，品尝中国_。我国人民传统的热情和好客将使各位的访问愉快而又_。（interesting,placesofinterest,ancientbuildings,Chineseculturalrelics,operasandcircusperformances,cuisineandlocalsnacks),有趣的,古建筑群,中国文物,戏剧和杂技表演,烹调和地方风味小吃,难忘,名胜,Practice2,我非常高兴能在此会见来自大洋彼岸的加拿大商业界的朋友。“_。”这句中国古话可以表达我此刻的心情。中国政府十分重视同加拿大双边经贸关系的发展，并且非常赞赏加中贸易理事会为加强我们这两个伟大国家商业界的联系而做出的_和起到的桥梁作用。我感谢理事会所有成员为促进加中贸易所做出的努力。加拿大是一个工业发达、资源_的国家，中国则是一个劳动力充足、_的国家。我们希望看到加拿大的企业能够充分利用自己在技术和财力上的优势，赢得中国市场。(Itisalwaysapleasuretogreetafriendfromafar;efforts/endeavors,abundant,ahugemarket),有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎,努力,丰富,拥有庞大市场,Permitmetosayagainthisevening:Letusactaccordingtotheprincipleofmutualrespectand_,totheprincipleofbothdignityandfairness.ItiscertainlyinthefundamentalinterestofourpeopletotradeandbefriendswiththeChinesepeople.Wearevery_byyourmodernizationprogram,anambitiousundertakingwhichmakesourfuture_relationshipvery_.Chinatoday,Iunderstand,istakingapracticaland_approachandwewishyousuccessandofferyouourcooperationinthisgreatendeavor.,mutualbenefit,impressed,cooperation,promising,effective,口译篇章可能遇到的关键词参考,1，与经济、金融等相关的数字题：失业率、失业数字（jobless,unemploymentrate,layoff）通货膨胀、通货紧缩（inflation,deflation）股指（DowJones,Nasdaq,S接受采访的人在听到问题之后,也会迅速构思,简单地在脑中列出一些“提纲”。但这种草图或提纲是模糊的,不完整的,需要在讲话过程中逐渐加以完善。讲话者会运用一些标记来提醒自己和听者,哪些是要点,顺序如何,做出什么结论等。译者必须时刻注意这些标记,以此为辅助线索,“顺藤摸瓜”找到讲话要旨。人们在非正式场合常用的语篇标记可大致分为以下几类:,(1)时间顺序:Inthefirstplace,Next,Previously,Secondly,Afterthat,While,Then,Last,When(2)强调:Thepointyoumustrememberis.Idliketoemphasize.Letmerepeat.Thenextpointiscrucialtomyargument.(3)解释:Inotherwords,Letmeputitthisway.Thatistosay.(4)举例:Forexample,Forinstance,Letstake.Anexampleofthiswas.（5)转换话题:Nowlets(thinkabout,lookat,consider,turnourattentionto).,逻辑关系标识词（线索词）,先后次序：firstofall,next,previously,simultaneously,eventually并列关系：and,too,meanwhile,inthemeantime递进关系：also,moreover,inaddition,furthermore,besides,notonly,ontopofthat转折关系：but,however,though,whereas,nevertheless,instead,infact让步关系：although,despite,inspiteof,eventhough因果关系：so,thus,hence,asaresult,consequently,reason,because,for,dueto,accordingly,leadto对照关系：like,likewise,similarly,inasimilarmanner,aswellas,incommonwith,both,comparedto对比关系：differentfrom,unlike,bycontrast,ontheotherhand,onthecontrary,conversely解释关系：thatistosay,inotherwords,thismeans条件关系：if,unless,once,providedthat,incase(of),hadIknown,werethistohappen举例关系：forexample/instance,inthiscase,namely,suchas,acaseinpoint归纳总结：onthewhole,inbrief,tosumup,inconclusion,insummary,toconclude,inshort,Practice-找出这段文字的连接词,Well,Ijoinedthecompanyasamarketingassistantbackin1997andmydutiesthenwerequitedifferenttomypresentdutiesasproductmanager.Now,Imresponsibleforbothoursoaprangeandhair-careproducts,whereasbeforeIwasgettinggeneralmarkingexperience.Forexample,Iassistedthemarketingmanagerbycollectingandanalyzingdata.Inparticular,Iwasinvolvedinmarketresearchforoursoapproducts.Myresponsibilitieshavechangedalot,ofcourse.Inthosedays,Iusedtobejustamemberofateam,butnow,IvegotfivepeopleworkingundermeandImcompletelyresponsibleforthelaunchofanewrangeofhairproductsnextyear.Theresalotmorework.Ontheotherhand,itsmuchmorevaried.TheactualhoursIspendintheofficearenearlythesameasbefore.However,Idotendtotakemoreworkhomethesedays.Thisissomethingourmarketingmanager,whoisdirectlyaboveme,thinksquitenormal.,Keys,Well,Ijoinedthecompanyasamarketingassistantbackin1997andmydutiesthen(时间顺序)werequitedifferenttomypresentdutiesasproductmanager.Now,(时间顺序)Imresponsibleforbothoursoaprangeandhair2careproducts,whereasbefore(对比)Iwasgettinggeneralmarkingexperience.Forexample,(举例)Iassistedthemarketingmanagerbycollectingandanalyzingdata.Inparticular,(强调)Iwasinvolvedinmarketresearchforoursoapproducts.Myresponsibilitieshavechangedalot,ofcourse.Inthosedays,(时间顺序)Iusedtobejustamemberofateam,butnow,(转折)IvegotfivepeopleworkingundermeandImcompletelyresponsibleforthelaunchofanewrangeofhairproductsnextyear.Theresalotmorework.Ontheotherhand,(对比)itsmuchmorevaried.TheactualhoursIspendintheofficearenearlythesameasbefore.However,(转折)Idotendtotakemoreworkhomethesedays.Thisissomethingourmarketingmanager,whoisdirectlyaboveme,thinksquitenormal.,中文复述练习3-预测,雅思考试（国际英语语言测试系统）是听说读写四项英语交流能力的测试。它是为那些打算在以英语作为交流语言的国家或地区学习或工作的人们设置的英语语言水平考试。自1989年以来，雅思考试在世界各地得到验证和信任。它在全球范围内提供了一种可靠并权威的考试方法，以测试考生在真实的语言环境中用英语进行沟通的能力。全球有超过6000所院校机构、政府部门和职业机构认可雅思成绩并将其作为一项权威有效的测试英语沟通能力的方法。每年全球有超过140万人次参加雅思考试，并籍此获得前往英语语言国家